CdTe/CdS核壳量子点与蛋白质荧光标记

利用连续离子层吸附技术合成了水溶性的CdTe／CdS核壳量子点．通过CdS壳层的包覆,量子点的量子效率由原来的15％（裸核）提高到38％（核壳）,这种核壳结构量子点的化学和光学性质具有更好的稳定性,可以用于生物标记．本文采取共价连接与静电吸附两种方法,实现了量子点的生物标记,电泳技术已证明,应用这种量子点成功地实现了对蛋白质分子的生物标记．通过对量子点与蛋白质偶联前后的荧光光谱分析,发现量子点与蛋白质作用后荧光增强是由于蛋白质对量子点进行了表面修饰,从而降低了表面缺陷引起的非辐射跃迁几率所致．通过共价连接量子点的荧光峰位红移,主要是由于偶极-偶极相互作用引起的;量子点与蛋白质静电吸附作用引起的荧光峰位蓝移主要起因于量子点表面电荷量的降低．     

The impact of upper cut-off voltages on the electrochemical behaviors of composite electrode 0.3Li(2)MnO(3)·0.7LiMn(1/3)Ni(1/3)Co(1/3)O(2)

This work has initiated an investigation on the electrochemical behaviors and the structure changes of the composite electrode 0.3Li(2)MnO(3)·0.7LiMn(1/3)Ni(1/3)Co(1/3)O(2) when charged with different cut-off voltages. It is found that the charge cut-off voltages could not only affect the capacity property and coulombic efficiency, but also alter the electrode kinetics of the composite. As a consequence, the electrochemical activation of the composite electrode is highly dependent on the charge cut-off voltages: when the charge cut-off voltage is higher than 4.5 V, the inert component Li(2)MnO(3) in the composite electrode is completely activated. At the meanwhile, there occurred an irreversible oxygen loss during the initial charge process, which yielded a hollow sphere in the electrode. Regardless of charge voltages, Mn ions in the composite electrode were presented in an oxidation state of +4, while Co(2+) ions were detected at the surface of the electrode when cycled at low voltages. Ni ions in the composite could react with organic or inorganic species and then cover the surface of the cycled electrode.     

Roles of gamma-Globulin in the Dynamic Interfacial Behavior of Mixed Dipalmitoyl Phosphatidylcholine/gamma-Globulin Monolayers at Air/Liquid Interfaces

This study investigated the roles of gamma-globulin in the dynamic interfacial behavior of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC)/gamma-globulin monolayers at air/liquid interfaces at 25 degrees C. The surface tension behavior demonstrated that gamma-globulin had a large adsorption time scale. Moreover, the surface pressure-area hysteresis behavior of adsorbed gamma-globulin monolayers suggested that no significant desorption occurred during the compression stage, and the respreading of gamma-globulin molecules at the interface during the expansion stage was slow. From the hysteresis behavior of adsorbed gamma-globulin monolayers with spread DPPC molecules, it was found that gamma-globulin molecules were expelled from the interface as DPPC molecules were in a condensed state. The squeeze-out of gamma-globulin molecules seemed to induce the loss of DPPC molecules at the interface with the extent depending on the initial gamma-globulin surface concentration. Furthermore, the expelled gamma-globulin molecules re-entered the monolayer and participated in the surface pressure increase during the following expansion stage. The exclusion of gamma-globulin associated with the removal of DPPC during monolayer compression and the re-entry of gamma-globulin during subsequent monolayer expansion represented a mechanism for DPPC depletion and gamma-globulin enrichment at the interface, which may explain the inhibitory effect of certain proteins on the surface activity of DPPC. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

Transition Metal Cation Salts in Organic Synthesis

Reaction of lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) with (η⁴-1,3-cyclohexadiene)Fe(CO)₃ complexes bearing functionalized side chains at C-5, under an atmosphere of carbon monoxide, gives bridged bicyclo[3,2,1]octene and bicyclo[3,3,1]nonene systems after electrophilic quenching. Under the same reaction conditions, intramolecular cyclization of acyclic (η⁴- 1,3-butadiene)Fe(CO)₃ complexes with functionalized side chains at the terminal position of the diene ligands furnishes fused bicyclo[3.3,0]octanone and bicyclo[4.3.0]nonanone derivatives after acid quenching. The addition of a variety of the highly functionalized zinc-copper reagents RCu(CN)ZnI to the (η⁷-cycloheptatrienyl)Cr(CO) gives (η⁶-cyclohepta-1,3,5-triene)Cr(CO)₃ complexes with a functionalized side-chain at the C-7 position of the ring. Intramolecular cyclization of ester-subsbtuted adducts using lithium diisopropylamide generates fused bicyclo[5.3.0]decane and bicyclo[5.4.0]undecane derivatives. The addition of a variety of the highly functionalized zinc-copper reagents RCu(CN)Znl to the (η⁴-cyclohexa-1,3-diene)Mo(CO)₂(Cp) at the terminus of the coordinated diene ligand gives [Mo(π-allyl)(CO)₂(Cp)](Cp = cyclopentadienyl) complexes with the functionalized side-chain at the C-4 position of the ring. Intramolecular cyclization of the (π-allyl)molybdenum complex containing a pendant propanoic acid unit generates the δ-lactone derivative.     

Spin-Enhanced O−H Cleavage in Electrochemical Water Oxidation

Herein we report the vital role of spin polarization in proton-transfer-mediated water oxidation over a magnetized catalyst. During the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) over ferrimagnetic Fe₃O₄, the external magnetic field induced a remarkable increase in the OER current, however, this increment achieved in weakly alkaline pH (pH 9) was almost 20 times that under strongly alkaline conditions (pH 14). The results of the surface modification experiment and H/D kinetic isotope effect investigation confirm that, at weakly alkaline pH, during the nucleophilic attack of Fe^IV=O by molecular water, the magnetized Fe₃O₄ catalyst polarizes the spin states of the nucleophilic attacking intermediates. The spin-enhanced singlet O−H cleavage and triplet O−O bonding occur synergistically, which promotes the O₂ generation more significantly than the strongly alkaline case involving only spin-enhanced O−O bonding.     

高硫石油焦高温热解过程及硫析出特性研究

为深入了解高硫石油焦在工业应用高温工况下的热解过程以及硫的析出特性,本研究采用高温固定床对青岛高硫石油焦进行了高温(900-1500℃)热解实验,考察了高温热解下热解气体释放规律,热解过程中焦的物理孔隙结构以及化学特性的演变,并对热解过程中硫的析出与演变特性进行了研究。结果表明,随着热解温度的升高,石油焦热解气中的H₂含量逐渐增加,CO含量变化不大,CH₄与CO₂含量则逐渐下降;热解焦的比表面积与平均孔隙均随热解温度的升高有所增加,颗粒的表面形态则受温度影响较小;热解温度的升高会降低石油焦中含有的非定型碳比例,提高其微晶结构的有序性以及石墨化程度;热解焦的气化活性随热解温度的升高先降低后升高,在1100℃附近有最小值; 1500℃高硫石油焦硫元素析出率达81.34%,仅少量硫醇类有机硫和噻吩环内的硫元素得以残存。     

Design of multivalent galactosyl carborane as a targeting specific agent for potential application to boron neutron capture therapy

A multivalent galactosyl carborane derivative 10 (dendritic glyco-borane, DGB) was synthesized and demonstrated as a potential cell-targeting agent in BNCT with HepG2 cells. DGB 10 improved the delivery of boron to HepG2 cells and neutron irradiation data show DGB 10 with ten-fold improvement at killing the HepG2 cells over BSH.     

Dewatering characteristics of algae-containing alum sludge

The presence of algae in source waters not only causes problems in the water treatment process, but also complicates the treatment and disposal of sludge. This has become a major concern in Taiwan because of the increasing eutrophication of water sources. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of algae during aging process on the characteristics of potable water treatment residuals and investigate their conditioning in order to provide water treatment plants with guidelines for treating algae-containing sludge. In this study, we measured the bound water content and CST to evaluate the influence of algae and their exudates on sludge conditioning. The change in zeta potential was monitored during sludge aging. During the aging process up to 5 days, the surface charge of sludge became more negative and the dewaterability was enhanced by algal exudates. Microphotographs of the algae-containing sludge suggest that algae and their exudates cause the bio-flocculation phenomenon.     

Ruthenium complexes of thiaporphyrin and dithiaporphyrin

Successful synthesis and characterization of the six-coordinated complex [Ru(STTP)(CO)Cl] (1; STTP = 5,10,15,20-tetratolyl-21-thiaporphyrinato) allowed the development of the coordination chemistry of ruthenium-thiaporphyrin through dechlorination and metathesis reactions. Accordingly, [Ru(II)(STTP)(CO)X] (X = NO(3)(-) (2), NO(2)(-) (3), and N(3)(-) (4)) was synthesized and analyzed by single-crystal X-ray structural determination and NMR, UV-vis, and FT-IR spectroscopic methods. An independent reaction of STPPH and [Ru(COD)Cl(2)] led to [Ru(III)(STTP)Cl(2)] (5), which possessed a higher-valent Ru(III) center and exhibited good stability in the solution state. This stability allowed reversible redox processes in a cyclic voltammetric study. Reactions of [Ru(S(2)TTP)Cl(2)] (S(2)TTP = 5,10,15,20-tetratolyl-21,23-dithiaporphyrinato) with AgNO(3) and NaSePh, also via the metathesis strategy, resulted in novel dithiaporphyrin complexes [Ru(II)(S(2)TTP)(NO(3))(2)] (6) and [Ru(0)(S(2)TTP)(PhSeCH(2)SePh)(2)] (7), respectively. The structures of 6 and 7 were corroborated by X-ray crystallographic analyses. Complex 7 is an unprecedented ruthenium(0)-dithiaporphyrin with two bis(phenylseleno)methanes as axial ligands. A comparison of the analyses of the crude products from reactions of NaSePh and CH(2)Cl(2) with or without [Ru(S(2)TTP)Cl(2)], further supported by UV-vis spectral changes under stoichiometric reactions between [Ru(S(2)TTP)Cl(2)] and NaSePh, suggested a reaction sequence in the order of (1) formation of a putative [Ru(II)(S(2)TTP)(SePh)(2)] intermediate, followed by (2) the concerted formation of PhSe-CH(2)Cl and simultaneously a reduction of Ru(II) to Ru(0) and finally (3) nucleophilic substitution of PhSeCH(2)Cl by excess PhSe(-), resulting in PhSeCH(2)SePh, which readily coordinated to the Ru(0) and completed the formation of bis(phenylseleno)methane complex 7.