Simultaneous soft pulses applied at nearby frequencies

The rotation of a spin subject to an on-resonance soft pulse and simultaneously to a soft pulse at a nearby frequency may strongly deviate from the desired rotation expected for a single on-resonance pulse. The deviation is the result of transient frequency shifts of the spin caused by the off-resonance irradiation. We show that the resulting error can be corrected by shifting the frequency of the on-resonance pulse in such a way that it tracks the shift of the spin frequency. Experimentally, the effectiveness of this simple and intuitive method is demonstrated for simultaneous inversions at nearby frequencies in the case of both coupled and uncoupled spins. Simulations predict that the correction technique is effective for arbitrary pulse shapes and tip angles and is particularly useful when the frequency window of the shaped pulse is two to eight times the frequency separation between the chemical shifts of the two spins.     

State transitions and the continuum limit for a 2D interacting, self-propelled particle system

We study a class of swarming problems wherein particles evolve dynamically via pairwise interaction potentials and a velocity selection mechanism. We find that the swarming system undergoes various changes of state as a function of the self-propulsion and interaction potential parameters. In this paper, we utilize a procedure which connects a class of individual-based models to their continuum formulations and determine criteria for the validity of the latter. H-stability of the interaction potential plays a fundamental role in determining both the validity of the continuum approximation and the nature of the aggregation state transitions. We perform a linear stability analysis of the continuum model and compare the results to the simulations of the individual-based one.     

Fiber-optic CATV system performance improvement by using split-band technique and photonic crystal fiber

A directly-modulated amplitude modulation-vestigial sideband (AM-VSB) cable television (CATV) erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA)-repeated system that uses split-band technique and photonic crystal fiber (PCF) as a broadband dispersion compensation device is proposed and demonstrated. In contrast to a conventional externally-modulated fiber-optic CATV system, good performance of carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR), composite second order (CSO) and composite triple beat (CTB) were obtained in our proposed systems over a combination of 100-km single-mode fiber (SMF) and 3.6 km PCF.     

A study on stress intensity factors and singular stress fields of three-dimensional interface crack

By using the finite-part integral concepts and limit technique, the hypersingular integrodifferential equations of three-dimensional (3D) planar interface crack were obtained; then the dominant-part analysis of 2D hypersingular integral was further used to investigate the stress fields near the crack front theoretically, and the accurate formulae were obtained for the singular stress fields and the complex stress intensity factors. After that, a numerical method is proposed to solve the hypersingular integrodifferential equations of 3D planar interface crack, and the problem of elliptical planar crack is then considered to show the application of the method. The numerical results obtained are satisfactory. Project supported by the Foundation of Solid Mechanics Open Research Laboratory of State Education Commission at Tongji University and the National Natural Science Foundation.     

Cubist algebras

We construct algebras from rhombohedral tilings of Euclidean space obtained as projections of certain cubical complexes. We show that these ‘Cubist algebras’ satisfy strong homological properties, such as Koszulity and quasi-heredity, reflecting the combinatorics of the tilings. We construct derived equivalences between Cubist algebras associated to local mutations in tilings. We recover as a special case the Rhombal algebras of Michael Peach and make a precise connection to weight 2 blocks of symmetric groups.     

Compatibility and characteristics of poly(butylene succinate) and propylene-co-ethylene copolymer blend

Propylene-co-ethylene elastomer resin (PER) has been blended into biodegradable poly(butylene succinate) copolymer (PBS) by a melt-blending process to develop a novel semi-biodegradable thermoplastic elastomer. The PBS/PER blends displayed good compatibility in the range 70/30 > PBS/PER > 30/70 according to analyses by DSC, DMA and the Couchman method. Although the PBS/PER blends displayed compatibility, SEM analyses of most of the PBS/PER blends revealed two-phase structures including sea-island and irregular fiber-shaped morphologies, except for PBS/PER (70/30). PBS/PER (60/40) and PBS/PER (50/50) display low tensile strength due to large sea-phase and irregular fiber-shaped morphologies, even though they have good compatibility. PBS/PER (70/30) apparently exhibited a single phase by SEM and showed the best compatibility by DSC and DMA. Furthermore, the tan δ, elongation and initial moduli of the PBS/PER blends were seen to increase with increasing PER content, indicating that the toughness and shock resistance of PBS are improved by incorporating PER into the composition.     

Degradation induced variation of LC transition of poly(n-undecyl isocyanate)

The first-order thermal transitions including side-chain melting, crystal-LC, biphasic chimney-like, and isotropic transitions of poly(n-undecyl isocyanate) (PUDIC) were investigated by varying its thermal history. After annealing at 140 °C for different periods of time, it leads to different degrees of backbiting degradation into n-undecyl isocyanurate trimer which behaves as a solvent for the rest non-degraded/rigid PUDIC to change into a lyotropic LC from thermotropic transition. Based on the degree of degradation, various amounts of trimers are present and the PUDIC demonstrates different types of thermal transitions found in DSC thermograms due to the variation of the non-degraded PUDIC concentration in solvent trimers. Finally, a phase diagram includes all types of crystallines, LC, and isotropic regions can be drawn according to the DSC thermograms.     

基于多软件融合方法的真核生物基因启动子预测

基于多个软件的预测结果,提出了一种融合方法(ComPromoter)提高真核生物基因启动子的预测精度.ComPromoter以ProKey、FirstEF和Eponine等软件对启动子的预测结果为基础,融合了可用于启动子识别的多个特征(包括ProKey预测结果中真阳性和假阳性的出现频率随投票距离以及预测分值变化的统计特征),并利用支持向量机构建了启动子预测模型.在人类ENCODE区域测试数据集上测试的结果显示,ComPromoter的Pearson相关系数CC值高于所融合的单个启动子预测软件.     

The effect of F substitution on the magnetic properties of Nd−Fe−B based compounds

Various efforts are currently undertaken to raise the relatively low Curie temperature of the otherwise promising Nd?Fe?B type permanent magnet material. The substitution of Fe by several elements was found to increaseT _c, which, on the other hand, can be accompanied by a reduction of the magnetocrystalline anistropy. In the present paper a systematic Mössbauer study was carried out, using Co, Ni, Al, Si and Ga as substituents. The specific influence of each element upon the magnetic properties is attributed to its preference for entering a certain Fe lattice site. Simple atomic size considerations are proved to be insufficient for explaining the preferred occupation observed experimentally. Obviously the local electronic structure has to be studied more carefully. Finally, the interplay between magnetism and metallurgy (particularly the formation of precipitations), is found to be of some importance.