全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3974篇 |
免费 | 428篇 |
国内免费 | 311篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2592篇 |
晶体学 | 27篇 |
力学 | 197篇 |
综合类 | 20篇 |
数学 | 489篇 |
物理学 | 1388篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 50篇 |
2022年 | 119篇 |
2021年 | 105篇 |
2020年 | 133篇 |
2019年 | 98篇 |
2018年 | 101篇 |
2017年 | 94篇 |
2016年 | 130篇 |
2015年 | 138篇 |
2014年 | 165篇 |
2013年 | 236篇 |
2012年 | 322篇 |
2011年 | 290篇 |
2010年 | 216篇 |
2009年 | 192篇 |
2008年 | 256篇 |
2007年 | 210篇 |
2006年 | 193篇 |
2005年 | 162篇 |
2004年 | 128篇 |
2003年 | 113篇 |
2002年 | 102篇 |
2001年 | 89篇 |
2000年 | 104篇 |
1999年 | 72篇 |
1998年 | 66篇 |
1997年 | 55篇 |
1996年 | 75篇 |
1995年 | 56篇 |
1994年 | 60篇 |
1993年 | 52篇 |
1992年 | 54篇 |
1991年 | 36篇 |
1990年 | 28篇 |
1989年 | 41篇 |
1988年 | 37篇 |
1987年 | 31篇 |
1986年 | 41篇 |
1985年 | 30篇 |
1984年 | 35篇 |
1983年 | 26篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1981年 | 14篇 |
1980年 | 22篇 |
1979年 | 12篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 15篇 |
1976年 | 17篇 |
1975年 | 17篇 |
1973年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有4713条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
951.
多支链烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液的表面性质 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用自制的四种高纯度多支链烷基苯磺酸钠,研究了支链结构对其表面性质的影响.结果表明,随支链烷基碳数增加,临界胶束浓度降低,标准吸附自由能DGadӨ更负;但是,饱和吸附量Γmax却随支链烷基碳数增加而减小,且临界胶束浓度时的表面张力γcmc随吸附量减小而降低,表现出与一般表面活性剂不同的变化趋势.从多支链烷基苯磺酸钠的分子结构特点,解释了随支链烷基碳数增加Γmax和γcmc的变化规律,探讨了分子的独占面积(as)对Γmax及γcmc的影响. 相似文献
952.
953.
Qing An WU Zhen Yuan XU Mei ZHENG Dan Qian XU Jun XU Yin Chu SHENCollege of Chemical Engineering Materials Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 《中国化学快报》2004,(7)
Six new 13-O-acylavermectin Bl aglycones(3-8) were synthesized from avermectin B1 aglycone and their bioactivities were evaluated against Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera eridania, Tetranychus urticae and Aphis fabae. 相似文献
954.
Two series of size‐fractionated combusted residues, a bag‐house ash and a scrubber residue, from a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) were prepared and extracted by means of sequential chemical extraction (SCE) procedures proposed by Tessier. Concentrations of water‐soluble phase, exchangeable phase, carbonated phase, Fe/Mn oxide phase, organic matter phase, and residual phase bound amphoteric metals (Pb and Zn) were obtained, and have been compared with those of single batch extraction of toxic characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). In each size fraction of baghouse ash or scrubber residue, lead or zinc shows a common phenomena that the TCLP value is always lower than the content of the water‐soluble fraction. For lead, baghouse ash has a significant size‐dependent distribution on the water‐soluble phase to perform a size‐dependent test of lead in the TCLP test. The zinc TCLP data having less size dependence might be due to that neither the baghouse ash nor the scrubber residue has a size‐dependent distribution on the water‐soluble zinc phase. 相似文献
955.
A linear response time-dependent density functional theory is described and used to calculate the dynamic polarizabilities and van der Waals C(6) coefficients of complex atom pairs. We present values of C(6) for dimers of main group atoms and the first row of transition metal atoms. 相似文献
956.
Chu YP Gong Y Tan XL Zhang L Zhao S An JY Yu JY 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2004,276(1):182-187
Alkylnaphthalene sulfonates with high purity were selected as model components to research synergism for lowering interfacial tension (IFT) in surfactant/alkali/acidic oil systems. The dynamic IFTs between alkylnaphthalene sulfonates with different alkyl chain length and n-decane, oleic acid model oil, or Shengli crude oil were measured. The results showed that the alkylnaphthalene sulfonates with different alkyl chain lengths had different synergism with different acidic components and their ionized acids under the same conditions. The synergism for lowering dynamic IFT in alkylnaphthalene sulfonate/alkali/acidic oil systems was controlled by alkylnaphthalene sulfonate concentration, alkyl chain length, alkali concentration, alkali type, and oleic acid concentration: optimal physicochemical conditions were necessary to the best synergism. This indicates that the synergism among added surfactant acidic components in crude oil and their ionized acids is controlled by the ratio of their interfacial concentrations. 相似文献
957.
Multilayer vesicles and vesicle clusters formed by the fullerene-based surfactant C60(CH3)5K 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Burger C Hao J Ying Q Isobe H Sawamura M Nakamura E Chu B 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2004,275(2):632-641
The self-assembly behavior of a fullerene-based surfactant, C60(CH3)5K, in water was studied using a combination of static and dynamic light scattering, as well as transmission electron microscopy, and compared to that of the compound C60(C6H5)5K. Both fullerene surfactant systems spontaneously assemble into large vesicles consisting of closed spherical shells formed by bilayers, with critical aggregation concentrations (CAC) lower than 10(-6) g ml(-1). At low concentrations, the aggregate sizes of C60(CH3)5K (radius R approximately 26.8 nm) and C60(C6H5)5K (R approximately 17.0 nm) were found to be substantially different from each other, showing that the change of the substituents surrounding the polar cyclopentadienide head group makes it possible to control the size of the resulting aggregates. Furthermore, the C60(CH3)5K vesicles were found to exist in two qualitatively different types of aggregation with a critical reaggregation concentration (CRC) located at 3.30 x 10(-6) g ml(-1). Above the CRC, larger aggregates were observed (R approximately 37.6 nm), showing a more complex form of supramolecular aggregation, e.g., in terms of multi-bilayer vesicles and/or of clusters of bilayer vesicles. 相似文献
958.
Ling-Tian Tang Yu Wei Yi Wang Shao-Wen Hu Xin-Qi Liu Tai-Wei Chu Xiang-Yun Wang 《Journal of Molecular Structure》2004,686(1-3):25-30
The formation of charge-transfer (CT) complexes between N-methyl-6,7-methylenedioxy-tetrahydro-4-isoquinolone (MMDTIQ, the model molecule of alkaloids) and iodine monochloride has been studied with the density functional B3LYP method. The competition for ICl between n-donor(s) and π-donor in the same molecule has been compared for the first time. The results indicate that the electron-donating ability of various donor sites decreases in the following order: amino nitrogen>carbonyl oxygen>etheric oxygen≈aromatic ring. Complexes with a stoichiometry of 1:1 to 1:5 (MMDTIQ–ICl) might form. Among complexes with a given stoichiometry, the one in which the phenyl ring is involved in the binding is always the least stable. According to these results, in order to ensure an alkaloid iodinated, the amount of ICl should be far beyond that of alkaloids and a low polar solvent should be used, which is quite in agreement with our recent experimental results. 相似文献
959.
We report the synthesis and radioligand binding analysis of a series of naphthalenic melatonin receptor ligands, N-[2-(7-alkoxy-2-methoxy-1-naphthyl)ethyl]propionamide. This series of ligands exhibits subpicomolar binding affinity to both MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors expressed in chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. 相似文献
960.
假定二元液态混合物分子间的相互作用势能可以表示成多体相互作用势能的和,分子间的力为短程力,相互作用势能只与分子间的相对距离有关.利用分布函数理论导出了二元液态混合物的过剩内能和内压的公式.二元液态混合物的过剩内能和内压可以表示成体积的幂级数形式,其中的系数可以用多体相互作用势和多体径向分布函数表出.讨论了单元液体的内压和过剩内能的表达式,在两种特殊情形下,过剩内能和内压的表达式分别与Egelstaff的微扰论结果及Frank的实验结果具有相同的形式.讨论了二元混合物内压和内能的两个特例,其一,在特殊情形下,给出了混合液体过剩内能的混合规则的一个证明.其二,给出的二元混合物的过剩内能和内压的表达式与Frank的实验结果具有相同的形式. 相似文献