有机改性对掺Dy3+铁氧体纳米磁颗粒性能的影响

采用共沉淀-相转化法制备出纳米级掺Dy3+铁氧体磁颗粒。选择阴离子表面活性剂月桂酸、月桂酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠对磁颗粒进行了在线表面改性,得到磁性能和表面性能不同的复合纳米磁性材料,研究了活性剂及其用量对产物构建成分、相结构、磁性能的影响。TEM图片显示磁颗粒的形貌多数为类球形,平均粒径约18 nm;XRD图谱分析发现,活性剂及其用量不同,得到的产物其构建成分、相结构也不同;VSM测试结果表明,用月桂酸改性的产物磁性能最优、十二烷基硫酸钠改性者磁性能最差,产物室温下的饱和磁化强度(MS)随活性剂用量的增大呈现出降低的变化规律。     

Theoretical Study on Experimentally Detected Sc2S@C84

Sc₂S@C₈₄ has recently been detected but not structurally characterized. 1 Density functional theory calculations on C₈₄ and Sc₂S@C₈₄ show that the favored isomer of Sc₂S@C₈₄ shares the same parent cage as Sc₂C₂@C₈₄, whereas Sc₂S@C₈₄:51383, which violates the isolated‐pentagon rule, is the second lowest energy isomer with the widest HOMO–LUMO gap and shows high kinetic stability. The analysis shows that Sc₂S@C₈₄:51575 is favored when the temperature exceeds 2 800 K and it can transform into the most favorable isomer Sc₂S@C₈₄:51591. Molecular orbital analysis indicates that both Sc₂S and Sc₂C₂ formally transfer four electrons to the cage, and quantum theory of atoms in molecules analysis demonstrates that there is a covalent interaction between Sc₂S and C₈₄:51591. The IR spectra of Sc₂S@C₈₄ are provided to aid future structural identification.     

Thermal conductivity behavior of SiC–Nylon 6,6 and hBN–Nylon 6,6 composites

A study was performed to determine the effect of the content and orientation of fillers on the thermal conductivity of a polymeric composite packed with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and silicon carbide (SiC) fillers. The thermal conductivity behavior of SiC–Nylon 6,6 and hBN–Nylon 6,6 composites was more dependent on the orientation and shape of the filler than on its thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of SiC–Nylon 6,6 composites with 59 % (v/v) isotropic SiC fillers increased from 0.25 to 3.83 W/m K. That of hBN–Nylon 6,6 composites with 62 % (v/v) anisotropic hBN fillers increased from 0.25 to 2.16 W/m K in the perpendicular direction whereas in the parallel direction it increased rapidly to 8.55 W/m K .     

Diffusion mechanism of CO2 in 13X zeolite beads

A systematic study of the diffusion mechanism of CO₂ in commercial 13X zeolite beads is presented. In order to gain a complete understanding of the diffusion process of CO₂, kinetic measurements with a zero length column (ZLC) system and a volumetric apparatus have been carried out. The ZLC experiments were carried out on a single bead of zeolite 13X at 38 °C at a partial pressure of CO₂ of 0.1 bar, conditions representative of post-combustion capture. Experiments with different carrier gases clearly show that the diffusion process is controlled by the transport inside the macropores. Volumetric measurements using a Quantachrome Autosorb system were carried out at different concentrations. These experiments are without a carrier gas and the low pressure measurements show clearly Knudsen diffusion control in both the uptake cell and the bead macropores. At increasing CO₂ concentrations the transport mechanism shifts from Knudsen diffusion in the macropores to a completely heat limited process. Both sets of experiments are consistent with independent measurements of bead void fraction and tortuosity and confirm that under the range of conditions that are typical of a carbon capture process the system is controlled by macropore diffusion mechanisms.     

离子印迹磁固相萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法联用分析环境水样中痕量Ni(Ⅱ)

本文通过乳液聚合法制备磁性离子印迹材料Fe3O4@SiO2@IIM,并运用多种技术手段对其进行了表征。所制备的Fe3O4@SiO2@IIM磁材料颗粒较均一,粒径约为20nm,单分散性好,具有超顺磁性(饱和磁化强度为8.66emu·g-1)。基于此,建立了离子印迹磁固相萃取(IIMSPE)-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)联用技术分析环境水样中Ni(Ⅱ)的新方法。对影响MSPE的因素进行了详细的考察。在最优实验条件下,方法对Ni(Ⅱ)的检出限为0.015ng·mL-1,相对标准偏差(RSDs)为7.3%(n=7,c=0.1ng·mL-1),富集倍数为24.8,所制备的磁性离子印迹材料不同批次间RSDs为10.9%(n=5,c=0.1ng·mL-1),所合成的材料可以重复使用5次以上。采用该方法分析了标准水样(GSBZ50009-88)中的Ni(Ⅱ)含量,验证方法的准确性,测定值和标准值吻合良好。将该方法应用于东湖水和长江水中Ni(Ⅱ)的测定,加标回收率为90.6%~107.2%。     

An E1-Catalyzed Chemoenzymatic Strategy to Isopeptide-N-Ethylated Deubiquitylase-Resistant Ubiquitin Probes

Triazole-based deubiquitylase (DUB)-resistant ubiquitin (Ub) probes have recently emerged as effective tools for the discovery of Ub chain-specific interactors in proteomic studies, but their structural diversity is limited. A new family of DUB-resistant Ub probes is reported based on isopeptide-N-ethylated dimeric or polymeric Ub chains, which can be efficiently prepared by a one-pot, ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1)-catalyzed condensation reaction of recombinant Ub precursors to give various homotypic and even branched Ub probes at multi-milligram scale. Proteomic studies using label-free quantitative (LFQ) MS indicated that the isopeptide-N-ethylated Ub probes may complement the triazole-based probes in the study of Ub interactome. Our study highlights the utility of modern protein synthetic chemistry to develop structurally and new families of tool molecules needed for proteomic studies.     

Natural Soft/Rigid Superlattices as Anodes for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

Volume expansion and poor conductivity are two major obstacles that hinder the pursuit of the lithium-ion batteries with long cycling life and high power density. Herein, we highlight a misfit compound PbNbS₃ with a soft/rigid superlattice structure, confirmed by scanning tunneling microscopy and electrochemical characterization, as a promising anode material for high performance lithium-ion batteries with optimized capacity, stability, and conductivity. The soft PbS sublayers primarily react with lithium, endowing capacity and preventing decomposition of the superlattice structure, while the rigid NbS₂ sublayers support the skeleton and enhance the migration of electrons and lithium ions, as a result leading to a specific capacity of 710 mAh g⁻¹ at 100 mA g⁻¹, which is 1.6 times of NbS₂ and 3.9 times of PbS. Our finding reveals the competitive strategy of soft/rigid structure in lithium-ion batteries and broadens the horizons of single-phase anode material design.     

Impact of titanate coupling agent on properties of high density polyethylene composite filled with coal gangue

In this study, surface modification of coal gangue (CG) was performed with titanate coupling agent 201 (isopropyl tri(dioctylpyrophosphate) titanate), and the effects of surface modifier on mechanical properties and thermal stability of high-density polyethylene filled with CG (HDPE/CG) and high-density polyethylene filled with modified CG (HDPE/mCG) composites were investigated. The coupling agent was successfully grafted on CG surface through chemical reaction according to the analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the coupling agent can effectively enhance the hydrophobicity of surface that was verified by water contact angle beyond 90° of modified CG sample. With the introduction of coupling agent, some enhancements of tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength were observed in HDPE/mCG compared with HDPE/CG, due to the improved compatibility between mCG fillers and matrix. The increased storage modulus and decreased loss factor of HDPE/mCG composite further confirm the stronger interface adhesion after modification. Moreover, it is found that titanate coupling agent 201 can improve the thermal stability of HDPE/mCG composite to some extent.     

A small NGS–SNP panel of ancestry inference designed to distinguish African,European, East,and South Asian populations

In this study, a small set of ancestry informative SNPs was selected to differentiate African, European, East and South Asian samples, which was detected by the next-generation sequencing technology. A total of 127 Chinese Shaanxi Han individuals were collected as test samples. No statistically significant linkage disequilibrium of any pair of loci or departure from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium of each locus was observed in the test population. To evaluate the performance of ancestry assignment using this panel, admixture analysis, principal component analysis, and likelihood ratio calculations were conducted based on the 1000 genome data and test samples. All populations were clustered into four groups, African, European, South and East Asian populations, which were consistent with their geographical origins. The pairwise fixation index (F_ST) between populations from different continental groups ranged from 0.140 to 0.621 with average 0.415, and the pairwise F_ST between populations from the same continent ranged from 0.000 to 0.056 with average 0.012. The likelihood ratio results of 125 test individuals indicated that their ancestry components were highly possible from East Asia. In conclusion, this small set of ancestry informative SNPs can be used as a reliable tool to identify and quantify ancestry components of unknown samples.