Semiconductor-metal phase diagram of Co-doped NiS2

The phase diagram of the semiconductor-metal and antiferromagnetic transitions in 5 at.% Co- and 7 at.% Co-doped NiS₂ is determined from the electrical resistance measurements below room temperature to 77 K at pressures up to 35 kbar. It is indicated that the antiferromagnetic transition occurs in both semiconducting and metallic phases.     

γ Radiolysis of polyethylene grafted with styrene

γ Radiolysis of polyethylene grafted with styrene of 0–76 wt % was carried out at 30–100°C in vacuo with a dose rate of 6.35 × 10⁵ rad/hr. The formation of hydrogen and trans-vinylene unsaturation decreased as the content of styrene unit in polymer increased and the rate of formation was described by zero-order formation kinetics with respect to each concentration combined with first-order disappearance. The gel fraction changed with the content of styrene unit according to irradiation time and temperature. The gel data were evaluated by using the Charlesby–Pinner equation. Kinetic analysis showed that in γ radiolysis of polyethylene grafted with styrene the formation of hydrogen is somewhat retarded, the crosslinking and main chain scission are accelerated, and the disappearance of hydrogen and formation and disappearance of trans-vinylene unsaturation are almost entirely unaffected. On the basis of these results the reactions induced by γ rays in graft polymer were discussed in connection with the reaction mechanisms of the γ radiolyses of polyethylene and polystyrene.     

Synthesis of platinum complexes of 2-aminomethylpyrrolidine derivatives for use as carrier ligands and their antitumor activities

In order to study a new antitumor platinum complex, various platinum complexes were prepared from 2-amino-methylpyrrolidine derivatives synthesized to serve as carrier ligands and tested for their antitumor activity against Colon 26 carcinoma (s.c.-i.p. system) and P388 leukemia (i.p.-i.p. system) in mice. 2-Aminomethylpyrrolidine proved to be the most effective carrier ligand in its amine derivatives. The structure-activity relationships of the carrier ligands in the platinum complexes with dichloro, oxalato, 1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato and dichlorodihydroxo as leaving group were clearly shown on the Colon 26 carcinoma screen and were as follows: the antitumor activity of the platinum complexes with any leaving groups was considerably decreased by the substitution of hydrogen by alkyl group (Me, Et) on nitrogen of aminomethyl and the effects of 1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato Pt(II) complexes completely disappeared with the same substitution on nitrogen of pyrrolidine. In all the tested platinum complexes 2-aminomethylpyrrolidine(1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato)platin um(II) (15) exhibited the most potent antitumor activity. 15 was superior to 1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylatodiammineplatinum(II) (CBDCA) and similar to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP) on the Colon 26 carcinoma screen but it was inferior to CBDCA and CDDP on the P388 leukemia screen. Furthermore, 15 showed more potent antitumor activity than CBDCA against Colon 38 carcinoma (s.c.-i.p. system).     

Reaction of poly(vinyl chloride) with superoxide anion

Reaction of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with superoxide anion was carried out in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 40°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. Remarkable changes in infrared (IR) spectra of the samples treated with superoxide anion were observed in the following regions: ca. 3300, 1680, 1620, and 765 cm^?1, which suggested the formation of hydroxyl groups, α,β-unsaturated ketone groups, and ethylenic structures. Ultraviolet–visible spectra also showed the formation of polyene structures. The content of chlorine in the polymer decreased and that of oxygen increased with reaction time. The reaction mechanism was discussed on the basis of these results.     

Two-stage irradiation study on propagation and termination in the γ-radiation-induced polymerization of ethylene in liquid carbon dioxide

The propagation and termination reaction in the γ-radiation-induced ethylene polymerization in liquid carbon dioxide were investigated by a two-stage irradiation. After irradiation at high dose rate, the polymerization occured at a considerable rate under the extremely low dose rate without initiation. The absolute propagation rate was determined in the second stage to be proportional to the square of ethylene fugacity and depended slightly on dose rate. The apparent activation energy for the propagation reaction is ?9 kcal./mole. From these observations which are the same as those in bulk polymerization, it is concluded that carbon dioxide acts as a diluent of ethylene monomer in the propagation reaction. Also, carbon dioxide was shown to be inactive to the growing radicals without irradiation, but oxygen which is produced by the radiolysis of carbon dioxide at high dose terminates the growing radicals with formation of carbonyl in the polymer.     

Determination of oxygen in titanium by the micro bromination method

Summary A new micro bromination method is proposed for the determination of oxygen in titanium. The sample is mixed with carbon and treated with bromine at 825° C in a quartz boat, using argon as a carrier gas. The oxygen in the sample combines with the carbon to form carbon monoxide, which is then oxidized to carbon dioxide with hot copper oxide. The carbon dioxide is absorbed by a weighed absorption tube containing soda-asbestos. The bromine and titanium tetrabromide are removed by a cold trap cooled by dry ice and alcohol. To remove the last traces of bromine or bromine compounds, a soda tube and silvergauze heated to 650° are used. The method has been satisfactorily applied to the determination of oxygen in commercial titanium.

---

Zusammenfassung Eine neue Mikromet-hode zur Bestimmung von Sauerstoff in Titan durch Bromierung wird vorgeschlagen. Die Probe wird mit Kohlenstoff gemischt und bei 825° C in einem Quarzschiffchen mit Brom behandelt, wobei Argon als Trägergas dient. Der in der Probe enthaltene Sauerstoff reagiert mit dem Kohlenstoff zu Kohlenmonoxyd, das dann über erhitztem Kupferoxyd zu Kohlendioxyd oxydiert wird. Dieses wird in einem gewogenen Absorptionsröhrchen an Natronasbest gebunden. Brom und Titantetrabromid werden in einer Falle mit Trockeneis und Alkohol ausgefroren. Zur Entfernung der letzten Spuren Brom oder Bromverbindungen dient ein auf 650° erhitztes Röhrchen mit Natron und Silberdrahtnetz. Das Verfahren hat sich zur Bestimmung von Sauerstoff in handelsüblichem Titan zufriedenstellend bewährt.

---

Résumé Les auteurs proposent une nouvelle microméthode de bromuration pour le dosage de l'oxygène dans le titane. L'échantillon mélangé avec du carbone est traité par le brome à 825° C dans une nacelle de quartz sous courant d'argon utilisé comme gaz de transport. L'oxygène de l'échantillon se combine au carbone sous forme d'oxyde de carbone qui est oxydé en anhydride carbonique sur oxyde de cuivre à chaud. L'anhydride carbonique est absorbé et pesé dans un tube absorbeur rempli d'amiante sodé. Le brome et le tétrabromure de titane sont retenus dans un piège refroidi par le système glace carbonique-alcool. Les dernières traces de brome et de composés bromés sont éliminées à l'aide d'un tube à soude et d'une toile d'argent chauffée à 650°. La méthode a été appliquée avec succès au dosage de l'oxygène dans le titane commercial.

     

Allylic-type diindium reagents. Reactivity toward electrophiles and cascade coupling reactions with imines

The allylic-type diindium reagents A and B were prepared from 3-bromo-1-iodopropene (1a) and 4-bromo-2-iodobut-2-ene (1b), respectively, and their reactions with electrophiles were investigated. The diindium reagents A and B were initially reacted with imines and the resulting vinylindium compounds were then treated with organic halides in the presence of Pd(PPh(3))(4) to give linear N-aryl and N-tosyl homoallylic amines. Diindium A is stable in a small amount of water in solvent, whereas B is easily protonated to give a crotylindium reagent. The reaction of B with benzaldehyde gives mainly the 1,3- and 1,5-diols via a spontaneous coupling with two molecules of the aldehyde, in contrast to A, which reacts with one molecule of carbonyl compounds to give the vinylindium compounds.