Mechanical and electrical properties of the phosphor‐doped nano‐silicon film under an external electric field

The mechanical and electrical properties of the phosphor‐doped nano‐silicon film (nc‐Si:H) prepared by the plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method under electric field have been studied by Tribolab system, which is equipped with nano‐electrical contact resistance (ECR) tool. During indentation, different voltages and loads were applied. The topography of the sample surface was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The experimental results show that the roughness of the film is 5.69 nm; the electric current was measured through the sample/indenter tip with different loads at a fixed voltage, and it increased nonlinearly during the indentation. The maximum current value depth was shallower than the maximum depth of each indent due to the plasticity of the film. When the loading speed is increased to 250 µN/s, the microcrack occurred on the film; the hardness (H) and elastic modulus (E) changed with the voltage applied both in open circuit and in short circuit case, which resulted in different values of H/E rate from 0.082 to 0.096. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Enhancement of blue emission in β-NaYbF4:Tm3+/Nd3+ nanophosphors synthesized by nonclosed hydrothermal synthesis method

An improved nonclosed hydrothermal synthetic processing is used to synthesize Tm³⁺ and Nd³⁺ doped β-NaYbF₄ nanophosphors at 85°C in the air without any high-temperature and high-pressure treatments as a final step. The particles have average crystallite size around 40 nm as obtained by TEM and calculation in terms of the XRD data. Intense 475 nm blue upconversion emission originated from the ¹G₄→³H₆ transition of Tm³⁺ is observed under 808 nm excitation, and its intensity can be enhanced onefold by introducing Nd³⁺ ion. The dominant populating mechanisms for the β-NaYbF₄:Tm³⁺ and β-NaYbF₄:Tm³⁺/Nd³⁺ are thought as Tm³⁺→Yb³⁺→Tm³⁺ and Nd³⁺→Yb³⁺→Tm³⁺ energy transfer processes, respectively. The concentration quenching processes for blue and red emissions are discussed.     

Gas leakage monitoring with scanned-wavelength direct absorption spectroscopy

<正>A natural gas leakage detector based on scanned-wavelength direct absorption spectroscopy is described. The sensor employs a multi-channel scanned-wavelength direct absorption strategy.It has the potential to simultaneously monitor methane and hydrogen sulfide in open path environment.Traditionally,scanned-wavelength direct absorption spectroscopy is the technique choice for natural gas leakage applications because of its simplicity,accuracy,and stability.We perform the gas sensor using direct-absorption wavelength scans with isolated features at 1-kHz repetition rate and the center wavelength is stabilized at the center of the 2v_3 band R(3) line of methane(1.65μm) and the(v_1+v_2+v_3) combination band of hydrogen sulfide(1.57μm),respectively.The influence of light intensity fluctuations can be eliminated by using scanned-wavelength direct absorption spectroscopy.Because of the fast wavelength scanning,the sensor has a response time of less than 0.1 s.The sensor can be configured to sense leakages in path-integrated concentrations of,for example,100-ppm·m hydrogen sulfide and 10-ppm·m methane.     

长周期光纤光栅和双锥形光纤间的倏逝波耦合作用

对长周期光纤光栅和双锥形光纤之间的倏逝波耦合作用进行了研究。理论分析和实验研究表明,由于锥形光纤和长周期光纤光栅物理边界外倏逝波之间的交叠,长周期光纤光栅产生的包层模,可以耦合到锥形光纤的包层模并从锥形光纤的纤芯输出。要获得高的耦合效率,应满足模式匹配的条件,同时要尽量减小两光纤之间的距离。耦合特性还与长周期光栅和双锥形光纤的相对位置有关,为获得高的耦合效率,耦合区应位于长周期光栅区的后面。这种倏逝波耦合作用,为监测实际应用系统中长周期光纤光栅的特性提供了一种新方法;为利用锥形光纤和长周期光纤光栅开发新型光纤器件,提供了一种可能的方案。     

一类随机系统平稳分布的存在性与唯一性

本文研究了一类随机系统平稳分布存在唯一性问题.利用耦合方法,给出了一个充分条件,验证该条件只需计算一些耦合,具较强的可操作性.     

Efficient generation of 200 mJ nanosecond pulses at 100 Hz repetition rate from a cryogenic cooled Yb:YAG MOPA system

A diode-pumped Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (MOPA) laser system based on cryogenic cooled Yb:YAG has been designed, developed and its output performance characterised. The laser system consists of a fibre oscillator, an active mirror regenerative amplifier and a four pass main amplifier. 2.4 mJ, 10 ns, 100 Hz seed pulses from the fibre oscillator/regenerative amplifier arrangement were amplified up to pulse energies of over 200 mJ by using the four pass main amplifier arrangement. As a further study we have obtained an increased slope efficiency of 40% and an optical-to-optical efficiency of 30% using a pinhole vacuum spatial filter/image relay for laser mode control. With 1.8 mJ input seed pulses, output pulse energies of around 150 mJ were achieved.     

基于激光吸收光谱开放式长光程的空气中甲烷在线监测及分析

研制了一套基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)技术的开放式长光程甲烷(CH4)浓度实时监测系统,系统采用波长调制和二次谐波探测相结合,并利用光强归一化的方法消除光强波动对测量结果产生的影响,实验证明采用消除光强波动的方法后使测量结果的误差小于2%.然后利用该系统在往返750 m的光程上,对合肥市董铺岛进行了为期1周的大气CH4浓度测量.测量结果表明董铺岛CH4浓度有明显的H变化趋势,白天浓度低,夜间浓度高,日平均浓度(1.8～3.4)×10-6,H最小值(1.8～2.2)× 10-6 ,日最大值(3.0～3.4)×10-6.通过分析,可实现1～2 km范围的空气中CH4浓度的实时在线监测,为生态系统的区域排放通量监测提供了有效的方法,也为卫星遥感提供了可行的地面校准方法.     

Dynamical Suppression of Nonlocal Decoherence in Two-State Quantum Systems

Nonlocal decoherence of two qubits due to Pure phase damping has been investigated. We have proposed a scheme to keep the entanglement of two qubits from nonlocal decoherence. By applying a series of ±π pulses, nonlocal decoherence can be thoroughly suppressed.     

A hemicyanine and cucurbit[n]uril inclusion complex: competitive guest binding of cucurbit[7]uril and cucurbit[8]uril

The interaction between the hemicyanine indole derivative H and the cucubit[n]urils Q[7] and Q[8] has been studied using ¹H NMR and UV spectroscopy as well as by fluorescence experiments. Competitive studies on the inclusion of H by Q[7] and Q[8] have also been conducted, and reveal that on changing the size of the Q[n] cavity, the binding behaviour can be very different.     

Total Synthesis of Rishirilide B by Organocatalytic Oxidative Kinetic Resolution: Revision of Absolute Configuration of (+)-Rishirilide B

Described herein is the enantioselective syntheses of (+)- and (−)-rishirilide B from the corresponding optically active β-substituted tetralones, which were obtained by oxidative kinetic resolution based on α-hydroxylation in the presence of a chiral guanidine-bisurea bifunctional organocatalyst. Benzylic oxidation of the tetralones at C1 followed by regioselective isomerization of the oxabenzonorbornadiene structure led to rishirilide B. Our findings lead to the revision of the previously proposed (2R,3R,4R) absolute configuration of (+)-rishirilide B to (2S,3S,4S).