Highlights? OADS is a known small-molecule inhibitor of a CLC antiporter ? OADS specifically inhibits the ClC-ec1 antiporter but not the ClC-1 channel ? Photoaffinity labeling and mass spectrometry have localized OADS binding to two discrete sites ? The unique binding mode and lipid dependence of OADS suggest potential mechanisms of action 相似文献
The potential of electrospun pullulan/dextran (P/D) nanofibers (average diameter = 323 nm) for vascular tissue engineering applications is explored. The mechanical properties of the nanofibers are of the same order of magnitude as that of human arteries (Young's modulus ≈0.88 MPa; tensile strength ≈0.35 MPa). It is demonstrated that the nanofiber topography enables cell adhesion and that the endothelial phenotype is maintained on the nanofibers. Moreover, P/D nanofibers support a stable confluent monolayer of endothelial cells over 14 d. SMCs seeded on nanofibers display similar levels of alpha smooth muscle actin and a lower proliferation rate than cells on 2D cultures. The observations suggest that nanofibers promote a shift to a quiescent contractile phenotype in SMCs.
By introducing an additional hydrogen bond to hydrogen bond interaction in the force field of the CSAW (Conditioned Self-Avoiding
Walk) model, we investigate into the mechanism of antiparallel β-sheet formation based on the folding of a short polyalanine in gas phase. Through our numerical simulation, we detect the
possible presence of a transient helix during β-sheet formation, whose presence is shown to have slowed the formation of β-sheets by an order of magnitude. While we observe the mechanisms of nucleation, zipping and induction that drives the formation
of a β-sheet, we uncover a new mechanism that involves transient β-turns and short β-sheets during the formation of long β-sheets. Our results have enabled us to provide an overview on the mechanisms of β-sheet formation via two main folding pathways: slow folding through the intermediate state of transient helix, and fast folding
from the nucleation of β-turn. 相似文献
Three numerical approaches for solving the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations in primitive variable form are proposed and compared in this work. All these approaches are based on the SIMPLE strategy with GDQ discretization on a non-staggered grid. It was found that the satisfying of the continuity equation on the boundary is critical to obtain an accurate numerical solution. The proposed three approaches are to make sure that the continuity equation is satisfied on the boundary, and in the meantime, recommend the boundary condition for pressure correction equation. Through a test problem of two-dimensional driven cavity flow, the performance of three approaches is comparatively studied in terms of the efficiency and accuracy. For all three approaches, accurate numerical results can be obtained by using just a few grid points. 相似文献
The palladacycle‐catalyzed asymmetric P?H addition of 4‐oxo‐enamides has been developed, which provides efficient access to phosphinocarboxamides and their analogues. Solvent‐mediated reversal of stereoselectivity (ee from +96 % to ?92 %) was observed, and the underlying mechanism that allows facile access to both enantiomers of the product by judicious choice of solvents is revealed. 相似文献
The development of an interactive simulation program generator which is available on micro and mainframe computers is outlined. The generator forms part of a simulation environment being researched into and constructed by a group of researchers at the London School of Economics. The generated programs are written in Pascal, using a suite of routines which assume a three-phase structure for simulation programs. Experiences of modelling using such a simulation modelling environment are outlined, as well as details of related research and future research plans. 相似文献