测量行波管电子注的法拉第筒的热分析

利用ANSYS软件对测量行波管电子注截面的法拉第筒探头进行了热分析研究.分析了在单脉冲情况下,测量各种直径的不同脉冲功率密度的电子注、不同脉冲宽度对法拉第筒温度的影响,研究了测量不同功率密度的电子注可以使用的脉冲宽度.结果表明,仅法拉第筒上的注斑区域温度迅速上升,温度梯度较大,其它部分温度基本不变,为保证法拉第筒能够持...     

W波段TE62-TEM00准光模式变换器

对准光模式变换器的基本理论和设计方法进行了讨论.以改进型等效电流理论为基础给出了Vlasov辐射器的分析方法,建立了数值模型,并进行了计算分析.继而推导了自适应相位修正Katsenelenbaum-Semenov算法,编制了相位修正反射镜自适应设计分析程序.在上述理论工作的基础上,针对3 mm波段TE62至TEM00准...     

基于无衍射光的表面粗糙度三角测量及其灰色评定方法

 激光三角法是表面形貌非接触测量中的一种常用方法,在几何测量领域应用广泛。传统的激光三角法采用高斯光束作为指示光源,在机械扫描机构的配合下,通过对被测表面逐点扫描完成表面形貌的测量。采用新型的无衍射光替代传统激光光源,解决了普通高斯光束存在的“焦深”问题,简化了机械结构。并采用基于灰色系统理论的灰色滤波进行表面形貌的分离与评定,克服了原有方法对测量数据样本量和统计特性的依赖,并通过实验表明该系统能够准确地完成表面形貌的三维测量,所提出的灰色评定方法能够比较有效地进行表面形貌的分离与评定。     

Fabrication and characterization of CdS-sensitized TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> nanotube photoelectrode

CdS quantum dot (Qd)-sensitized TiO₂ nanotube array photoelectrode is synthesised via a two-step method on tin-doped In₂O₃-coated (ITO) glass substrate. TiO₂ nanotube arrays are prepared in the ethylene glycol electrolyte solution by anodizing titanium films which are deposited on ITO glass substrate by radio frequency sputtering. Then, the CdS Qds are deposited on the nanotubes by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction technique. The resulting nanotube arrays are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV–visible absorption spectroscopy. The length of the obtained nanotubes reaches 1.60 μm and their inner diameter and wall thickness are around 90 and 20 nm, respectively. The XRD results show that the as-prepared TiO₂ nanotubes array is amorphous, which are converted to anatase TiO₂ after annealed at 450 °C for 2 h. The CdS Qds deposited on the TiO₂ nanotubes shift the absorption edge of TiO₂ from 388 to 494 nm. The results show that the CdS-sensitized TiO₂ nanotubes array film can be used as the photoelectrode for solar cells.     

Heterostructural coaxial nanotubes of CNT@Fe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> via atomic layer deposition: effects of surface functionalization and nitrogen-doping

This study attempted to synthesize one-dimensional (1D) coaxial nanotubes of Fe₂O₃ based on carbon nanotubes (CNT@Fe₂O₃) via atomic layer deposition (ALD) using ferrocene and oxygen as precursors. Results disclosed that undoped CNTs were suitable for the ALD of Fe₂O₃ (ALD-Fe₂O₃) only if they were chemically functionalized, due to their inert surface nature. It was further demonstrated that the effects of both covalent and non-covalent methodologies were limited in functionalizing undoped CNTs, leading to random and non-uniform deposition of Fe₂O₃. In sharp contrast, it was found that, as an alternative, nitrogen-doped CNTs (N-CNTs) contributed uniform and tunable ALD-Fe₂O₃, due to their active surface nature induced by incorporated N atoms. Consequently, various 1D heterostructural coaxial nanotubes were obtained with well-controlled growth of Fe₂O₃ on N-CNTs. For a better understanding, the underlying mechanisms were explored based on different N-doping configurations. In addition, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction jointly demonstrated that as-deposited Fe₂O₃ is single-phase crystalline α-Fe₂O₃ (hematite). The as-synthesized heterostructural coaxial nanotubes of CNT@Fe₂O₃ may find great potential applications in photocatalysis, gas-sensing, and magnetic fields.     

Self-assembling process of flash nanoprecipitation in a multi-inlet vortex mixer to produce drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles

We present an experimental study of self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles in the process of flash nanoprecipitation using a multi-inlet vortex mixer (MIVM). β-Carotene and polyethyleneimine (PEI) are used as a model drug and a macromolecule, respectively, and encapsulated in diblock copolymers. Flow patterns in the MIVM are microscopically visualized by mixing iron nitrate (Fe(NO₃)₃) and potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) to precipitate Fe(SCN) _x ^(3−x)+. Effects of physical parameters, including Reynolds number, supersaturation rate, interaction force, and drug-loading rate, on size distribution of the nanoparticle suspensions are investigated. It is critical for the nanoprecipitation process to have a short mixing time, so that the solvent replacement starts homogeneously in the reactor. The properties of the nanoparticles depend on the competitive kinetics of polymer aggregation and organic solute nucleation and growth. We report the existence of a threshold Reynolds number over which nanoparticle sizes become independent of mixing. A similar value of the threshold Reynolds number is confirmed by independent measurements of particle size, flow-pattern visualization, and our previous numerical simulation along with experimental study of competitive reactions in the MIVM.     

Theoretical study on the Rocksalt structured positron annihilation in magnesium oxide

Based on the atomic superposition approximation （ATSUP） and first-principles pseudopotential plane-wave methods, the bulk and Mg mono-vacancy positron lifetime of magnesium oxide were calculated using Arponen-Pajamme and Borofiski-Nieminen positron-annihilation-rate interpolation formula respectively. The calculated values are in good agreement with experimental values and the first-principles method gives more convincing results. The positron annihilation density spectra analysis reveals that positrons mainly annihilate with valence electrons of oxygen atoms when the magnesium-vacancy appears within magnesium oxide.     

New construction of hybrid and aperiodic ordered PBG cavity

The band gap of a photonic crystal (PhC) cavity intrinsically avoids HOM problems. In this paper, we present a new PBG structure based on the possible advantage of using hybrid structures and aperiodic lattices. This novel hybrid and aperiodically ordered cavity was designed for apparently higher Q-factor (more than 10300) and achieving large accelerating field gradient. The HOMs in the cavity are able to be absorbed efficiently.     

Growth and magnetic properties of single crystalline Ni nanowire arrays prepared by pulse DC electrodeposition

Highly textured Ni nanowire arrays were fabricated into anodic aluminum oxide(AAO) templates by pulse DC electrodeposition.The applied voltage and pH value of electrolytes were found strongly affecting the microstructure and magnetic properties of Ni nanowire arrays.Low applied potential and pH value both prefer to form polycrystalline fcc Ni nanowires.Increasing the applied potential or pH value favors the Ni [220] texture and even eventually forms the [220] oriented single crystal Ni wires,while exorbitan...