All-dielectric bowtie waveguide with deep subwavelength mode confinement

Plasmonic waveguides and conventional dielectric waveguides have favorable characteristics in photonic integrated circuits. Typically, plasmonic waveguides can provide subwavelength mode confinement, as shown by their small mode area, whereas conventional dielectric waveguides guide light with low loss, as shown by their long propagation length. However, the simultaneous achievement of subwavelength mode confinement and low-loss propagation remains limited. In this paper, we propose a novel design of an alldielectric bowtie waveguide, which simultaneously exhibits both subwavelength mode confinement and theoretically lossless propagation. Contrary to traditional dielectric waveguides, where the guidance of light is based on total internal reflection, the principle of the all-dielectric bowtie waveguide is based on the combined use of the conservation of the normal component of the electric displacement and the tangential component of the electric field, such that it can achieve a mode area comparable to its plasmonic counterparts. The mode distribution in the all-dielectric bowtie waveguide can be precisely controlled by manipulating the geometric design. Our work shows that it is possible to achieve extreme light confinement by using dielectric instead of lossy metals.     

Precise Epitope Organization with Self-adjuvant Framework Nucleic Acid for Efficient COVID-19 Peptide Vaccine Construction

Peptide vaccines have advantages in easy fabrication and high safety, but their effectiveness is hampered by the poor immunogenicity of the epitopes themselves. Herein, we constructed a series of framework nucleic acids (FNAs) with regulated rigidity and size to precisely organize epitopes in order to reveal the influence of epitope spacing and carrier rigidity on the efficiency of peptide vaccines. We found that assembling epitopes on rigid tetrahedral FNAs (tFNAs) with the appropriate size could efficiently enhance their immunogenicity. Further, by integrating epitopes from SARS-CoV-2 on preferred tFNAs, we constructed a COVID-19 peptide vaccine which could induce high titers of IgG against the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and increase the ratio of memory B and T cells in mice. Considering the good biocompatibility of tFNAs, our research provides a new idea for developing efficient peptide vaccines against viruses and possibly other diseases.     

基于手性负离子置换策略的异喹啉不对称转移氢化研究

报道了一种手性负离子置换策略,并将其成功应用于异喹啉化合物的不对称转移氢化反应. 以手性磷酸作为催化剂,氯代甲酸酯作为底物活化试剂,Hantzsch酯为有机负氢供体的条件下,该反应能以优良收率得到手性1-取代-1,2-二氢异喹啉产物,ee值最高为79%. 这是首次实现异喹啉化合物不对称转移氢化.     

高热稳定性高有序性中孔Zr-P-Al材料的合成

 以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,采用水热法合成了中孔氧化锆,依次用磷酸和水合氯化铝溶液对其进行后处理,得到了具有高热稳定性、高有序性的中孔Zr-P-Al材料. 样品的XRD,TEM 和氮气物理吸附测试结果表明,反应凝胶中的水量和陈化条件对样品结构有很大影响. 当反应凝胶配比为Zr(SO4)2:CTAB:H2O＝1:0.27:240时,所得样品具有较规整的六方结构. 此样品经磷酸处理后,有序程度进一步提高. 将磷酸处理过的样品再用水合氯化铝溶液处理,得到的材料具有典型的中孔特征和很高的热稳定性. 最终产物经过700 ℃焙烧后具有416 m2/g 的比表面积,孔容积较大,孔径分布均匀,800 ℃焙烧后其比表面积仍可达到227 m2/g. 样品的高稳定性来源于锆、磷和铝之间的相互作用.     

Rhodium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular CH Silylation for the Syntheses of Planar‐Chiral Metallocene Siloles

Reported herein is the rhodium‐catalyzed enantioselective C? H bond silylation of the cyclopentadiene rings in Fe and Ru metallocenes. Thus, in the presence of (S)‐TMS‐Segphos, the reactions took place under very mild conditions to afford metallocene‐fused siloles in good to excellent yields and with ee values of up to 97 %. During this study it was observed that the steric hindrance of chiral ligands had a profound influence on the reactivity and enantioselectivity of the reaction, and might hold the key to accomplishing conventionally challenging asymmetric C? H silylations.     

Three lanthanide complexes with mixed salicylate and 1,10-phenanthroline: syntheses,crystal structures,and luminescent/magnetic properties

Three new lanthanide complexes incorporating salicylate (HSA or SA) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), Ln₃(HSA)₅(SA)₂(phen)₃ [Ln = Ho (1) and Er (2)], and Sm₂(HSA)₂(SA)₂(phen)₃ (3), have been synthesized. X-ray structural analysis reveals that 1 and 2 are isostructural with a trinuclear pattern, and 3 exhibits a binuclear structure. Comparison of the structural differences between 1/2 and 3 suggests that the identity of metal plays an important role in construction of such complexes. The magnetic properties of 1 are discussed. Moreover, 2 and 3 are both photoluminescent materials, and their emission properties are closely related to their corresponding Ln^III centers.     

Bi0．5Na0．5TiO3纳米晶的制备及其性能研究

采用凝胶自燃烧法合成Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3纳米粉体,并表征了粉体的晶相结构.测试表明应用凝胶自燃工艺合成的Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3粉体材料的粒子大小均匀,晶相单一,不需要经高温处理便能直接形成钙钛矿结构超细粉末.用所合成的粉末压片,1 125 ℃烧结2 h即可获得致密的烧结体,其相对密度为98.08%.用SEM观察烧结样品的平均粒径为2 μm.     

Enhanced field emission from ZnO nanopencils by using pyramidal Si(1 0 0) substrates

Zinc oxide nanopencil arrays were synthesized on pyramidal Si(1 0 0) substrates via a simple thermal evaporation method. Their field emission properties have been investigated: the turn-on electric field (at the current density of 10 μA/cm²) was about 3.8 V/μm, and the threshold electric field (at the current density of 1 mA/cm²) was 5.8 V/μm. Compared with similar structures grown on flat Si substrates, which were made as references, the pyramidal Si-based ZnO nanopencil arrays appeared to be superior in field emission performance, thus the importance of the non-flat substrates has been accentuated. The pyramidal Si substrates could not only suppress the field screening effect but also improve the field enhancement effect during the field emission process. These findings indicated that using non-flat substrates is an efficient strategy to improve the field emission properties.     

基于机票超售模型的高校图书馆网上预约管理策略

由于图书预约管理体制的不完善,预约借书成功率不高,大量预约登记图书滞留,严重影响图书的流通,因此合理可行的预约管理方案是各高校图书馆共同的迫切需求.基于机票超售模型,结合高校图书馆的实际情况,根据预约者是否按时来图书馆领取预约图书,总体分析复本数、预约期限、预约成功率与图书滞留天数的关系,应用Matlab7.0求解最佳的预约方案来减少预约服务造成的图书滞留.并且以天津大学图书馆为例验证模型效果,以图书滞留天数衡量预约图书流通情况,应用高校图书预约模型对预约方案进行改进,使得预约图书滞留天数明显减少,成功达到提高预约图书流通率,更好地为高校师生服务的目的.     

基于小波变换的LMSV模型对人民币汇率波动的研究

将小波引入到LMSV模型波动长记忆性的估计与检验中,提出了基于小波变换的LMSV模型波动长记忆性的伪极大似然估计法和波动长记忆性的检验方法,并对各汇率波动序列长记忆效应的大小程度进行了验证．结果表明各汇率波动序列存在长记忆效应．人民币对美元的汇率波动序列受历史信息的影响程度最高．