Bipolar Polymeric Protective Layer for Dendrite-Free and Corrosion-Resistant Lithium Metal Anode in Ethylene Carbonate Electrolyte

The unstable interface between Li metal and ethylene carbonate (EC)-based electrolytes triggers continuous side reactions and uncontrolled dendrite growth, significantly impacting the lifespan of Li metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, a bipolar polymeric protective layer (BPPL) is developed using cyanoethyl (−CH₂CH₂C≡N) and hydroxyl (−OH) polar groups, aiming to prevent EC-induced corrosion and facilitating rapid, uniform Li⁺ ion transport. Hydrogen-bonding interactions between −OH and EC facilitates the Li⁺ desolvation process and effectively traps free EC molecules, thereby eliminating parasitic reactions. Meanwhile, the −CH₂CH₂C≡N group anchors TFSI⁻ anions through ion-dipole interactions, enhancing Li⁺ transport and eliminating concentration polarization, ultimately suppressing the growth of Li dendrite. This BPPL enabling Li|Li cell stable cycling over 750 cycles at 10 mA cm⁻² for 2 mAh cm⁻². The Li|LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ and Li|LiFePO₄ full cells display superior electrochemical performance. The BPPL provides a practical strategy to enhanced stability and performance in LMBs application.     

基于改进最小方差无失真响应角度谱算法的 气体泄漏定位方法*

针对噪声环境下微小气体泄漏难以准确定位的问题,提出了一种基于改进最小方差无失真响应角度谱算法的气体泄漏定位方法。该算法通过引入信噪比追踪加权的方式,提取受噪声影响较小且单个声源能量占优的时频支撑域,并通过Softplus激活函数自适应地调整不同频率分量对角度谱函数的贡献,增加泄漏声源占优的时频域权重;此外,引入基于时频稀疏性的分频带处理,使各子频带内存在一个主导声源能量占优,抑制低频段噪声能量的积累同时避免高频混叠现象。通过软件仿真计算以及实验验证算法的性能,结果表明改进最小方差无失真响应角度谱算法可以实现气体泄漏源的精准定位,定位结果的最大误差在3.5°以内。相比传统算法,该方法在低信噪比和低采样点数下有更高的稳定性、抗噪能力及准确率,可为气体泄漏定位的实际应用提供一定的参考价值。     

Induction of Strong Long‐Lived Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence of N‐Phenyl‐2‐naphthylamine Molecules by Confinement in a Crystalline Dibromobiphenyl Matrix

The design and preparation of metal‐free organic materials that exhibit room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is a very attractive topic owing to potential applications in organic optoelectronic devices. Herein, we present a facile approach to efficient and long‐lived organic RTP involving the doping of N‐phenylnaphthalen‐2‐amine (PNA) or its derivatives into a crystalline 4,4′‐dibromobiphenyl (DBBP) matrix. The resulting materials showed strong and persistent RTP emission with a quantum efficiency of approximately 20 % and a lifetime of a few to more than 100 milliseconds. Bright white dual emission containing blue fluorescence and yellowish‐green RTP from the PNA‐doped DBBP crystals was also confirmed by Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (x=0.29–0.31, y=0.38–0.41).     

奇异积分算子交换子在变指数空间上的特征

The main purpose of this paper is to characterize the Lipschitz space by the boundedness of commutators on Lebesgue spaces and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces with variable exponent.Based on this main purpose, we first characterize the Triebel-Lizorkin spaces with variable exponent by two families of operators. Immediately after, applying the characterizations of TriebelLizorkin space with variable exponent, we obtain that b ∈■β if and only if the commutator of Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operator is bounded, respectively, from■ to■,from■ to■ with■. Moreover, we prove that the commutator of Riesz potential operator also has corresponding results.     

焙烧温度对甲硫醇催化剂K_2WO_4/Al_2O_3结构和性能的影响

研究了焙烧温度对溶胶-凝胶法制备的甲硫醇催化剂K2WO4/Al2O3的表面结构和催化性能的影响.表征结果显示,K2WO4在Al2O3上分散得较好,在450和550oC焙烧的催化剂颗粒大小均匀,无明显团聚现象.随着焙烧温度的升高,催化剂的比表面积减小,表面钨物种与Al2O3的相互作用减弱,与碱物种的相互作用增强,酸碱强度降低.K2WO4/Al2O3表面不含质子酸.催化剂活性与其比表面积及表面的共轭酸碱对密切相关.评价结果表明,在550oC焙烧而制得的催化剂活性最高.     

DCC/AlCl_3体系引发异丁烯正离子聚合

研究以对-二枯基氯(DCC)/AlCl3体系引发异丁烯在CH2Cl2/Hex(40/60,V/V)混合溶剂中进行正离子聚合,探讨了DCC用量、给电子试剂,如三苯胺(TPA)、2,6-二甲基吡啶(DMPy)对异丁烯正离子聚合转化率、产物分子量及其分布的影响.结果表明,在无给电子试剂存在时,DCC和体系中微量水均可与AlCl3产生络合竞争引起相继的引发竞争,聚合产物GPC谱图呈双峰分布,分子量分布宽,需要大量的引发剂DCC(DCC/H2O=5.3)来减少体系中微量水的不可控引发;在少量上述给电子试剂存在下,可提高DCC的引发效率,减少向单体链转移反应,提高聚合产物的分子量和使分子量分布呈较窄的单峰分布,即使在较低DCC用量下也可基本抑制体系中微量水的不可控引发,达到DCC定量引发,并得到分子量分布相对较窄(Mw/Mn≈2.3)的聚异丁烯产物.     

LD激光激发金属微区发射光谱的多道检测

使用脉冲激光二极管（ＬＤ）泵浦ＹＡＧ激光器作激发源,用ＣＣＤ光学多器采集和分析光谱,进行了激光激发金属微区的发射光谱分析,得到了高信噪比、高动态范围的发射光谱,所测发射波长与标准谱比较符合很好。对方法的应用前景进行了讨论。     

Ag纳米粒子在TiO2四棱柱阵列上的可控生长及其SERS效应

采用水热法在导电玻璃FTO导电面上沉积TiO₂四棱柱阵列; 并以其为基体, 分别采用聚乙烯基吡咯 烷酮(PVP)还原Tollens试剂以及柠檬酸三钠(TSC)还原硝酸银溶液, 将Ag纳米粒子(AgNPs)沉积在TiO₂四棱柱阵列上形成TiO₂@AgNPs-PVP和TiO₂@AgNPs-TSC微纳结构作为表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)基底. 实验结果表明, Ag纳米粒子在TiO₂四棱柱阵列上的尺寸和分布可通过改变Tollens试剂的浓度和TSC还原硝酸银溶液的反应时间来调控, 进而优化基底的SERS灵敏度. TiO₂@AgNPs-PVP微纳结构对罗丹明6G(R6G)的检出限为10^-12 mol/L, 对低活性小分子三聚氰胺的检出限为0.01 mg/mL; TiO₂@AgNPs-TSC微纳结构对R6G的检出限为10^-10 mol/L, 对三聚氰胺的检出限为0.01 mg/mL. TiO₂@AgNPs-PVP和TiO₂@AgNPs-TSC微纳结构基底的SERS活性、 循环可回收性与还原剂种类紧密相关: 包覆在Ag纳米粒子上的PVP可以作为隔离层避免Ag纳米粒子直接接触, 防止电磁场耦合作用减弱, 增强基底的SERS活性; 同时, PVP是一种水性聚合物, 有较强的亲水性, 作为循环可回收SERS基底使用时, 吸附小分子物质清洗难度较大.     

Cobalt (II)-catalyzed direct C3-selective C–H acyloxylation of indoles with tert-butyl peresters

A Co(II)-catalyzed direct C3-selective C–H acyloxylation of indoles has been realized with tert-butyl peresters serving as both an acyloxy source and an oxidant. This reaction features highly C3 regioselectivity and good functional group tolerance, which provides a convenient and versatile approach to the construction of valuable 3-acyloxyindoles in moderate to excellent yields.