Viable but nonculturable cells used in biosensor fabrication for long-term storage stability

In this paper, we first reported the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) cells used for fabricating biosensor. The organic-inorganic hybrid material composed of silica and the grafting copolymer of poly(vinyl alcohol) and 4-vinylpyridine (PVA-g-P(4-VP)) was used to immobilize microbial cells for biosensor fabrication. The VBNC cells were formed after the hybrid material dried, showing the cell walls were sacrificed. With the intracellular enzymes as core and the “sacrificed” cell walls as shell, the present VBNC cells maybe considered as a core/shell structure. The extracellular material worked as the scaffold for core/shell structure. The core/shell structure and the scaffold structure were demonstrated by single-cell level image analysis using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The electrochemical method was adopted for further examining the enzyme activity of VBNC cells. The VBNC cells did not need nutrient treatment and other physicochemical factors for cell growth, which is a significant contribution for storing biosensor. A glucose-glutamic acid biosensor fabricated by the VBNC cells exhibited long-term storage stability for 100 days.     

Zinc Coordination Complex for use in Uniform ZnS Microflowers Synthesis

Uniform snowball zinc sulfide (ZnS) microflowers with nanosheet covering were synthesized using the one step reaction of zinc coordination compounds with thiourea at 160 °C for 24 h. X‐ray single crystal diffraction, electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry, and X‐ray diffraction were used to characterize the products. The flower‐like ZnS crystals may have some application in catalyst or solar cell devices. This work is also expected to be applied in the fabrication of other transition metal sulfide crystals with special morphology.     

Unification theory of classical statistical uncertainty relation and quantum uncertainty relation and its applications

General classical statistical uncertainty relation is deduced and generalized to quantum uncertainty relation. We give a general unification theory of the classical statistical and quantum uncertainty relations, and prove that the classical limit of quantum mechanics is just classical statistical mechanics. It is shown that the classical limit of the general quantum uncertainty relation is the general classical uncertainty relation. Also, some specific applications show that the obtained theory is self-consistent and coincides with those from physical experiments.     

注塑模流道优化设计

在注塑成型过程中，浇注系统的设计合理与否对产品质量和效益都有决定性的影响，给出了基于流动模拟的流道平衡算法。该算法在流道、型腔布置及浇口尺寸确定后自动调整流道尺寸直到满足熔体流动平衡约束，通过一个三型腔家族式模具验证了该算法。     

Silicification‐Induced Cell Aggregation for the Sustainable Production of H2 under Aerobic Conditions

Photobiological hydrogen production is of great importance because of its promise for generating clean renewable energy. In nature, green algae cannot produce hydrogen as a result of the extreme sensitivity of hydrogenase to oxygen. However, we find that silicification‐induced green algae aggregates can achieve sustainable photobiological hydrogen production even under natural aerobic conditions. The core–shell structure of the green algae aggregates creates a balance between photosynthetic electron generation and hydrogenase activity, thus allowing the production of hydrogen. This finding provides a viable pathway for the solar‐driven splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen to develop green energy alternatives by using rationally designed cell–material complexes.     

用迭代法模拟注塑成型的三维流动

Hele-Shaw模型是模拟注塑成型过程的常用模型,它的主要缺点是不能模拟一些重要的物理现象及引入实际制件中并不存在的“中面”概念,为了消除这些不足,本文开发了真三维的流动分析程序。建立了粘性、不可压缩的非牛顿流体流动的控制方程,为了避免同时求解耦合的压力场、速度场,本文引入拟稳定技术独立地求解这些方程,用迭代法求耦合方程的解。这种方法可以减少内存并提高数值方法的稳定性。算例表明数值结果与实验结果吻合较好,这种方法成功地模拟了注塑成型流动过程中的重要特征。     

一种四元超短基线阵实现高精度定位

由于超短基线自身尺寸较小,随着作用距离增加,其定位误差增大。对此,本文在阵元数较小的情况下,通过优化阵型形成间距不等的四元阵来提高系统定位精度。该阵型既减少了已有八元阵的冗余阵元,也不需要发射端发送跳频信号。本文给出了新阵型的相位补偿公式以及所适用频带的理论分析。理论分析和数值仿真表明:本文所述新阵型与已有的八元阵定位精度相当。可为改善超短基线定位精度提供一些参考。     

二维频域波束形成方法

一般来讲，无论雷达或声纳从基阵接收的信号均是多维信号，本文将在二维频率域对窄带传输信号进行分析与描述，研究线列阵的波束形成问题，根据分析结果并考察了几种特例。     

有机化合物结构异构体的穷举生成——Ⅰ.从分子式穷举生成结构片断集

结构产生器是有机化合物结构自动解析专家系统的核心部分,它从分子式出发,穷举生成结构基元向量,结构片断向量,最后对接成整体结构。本文详细介绍了ESESOC-Ⅱ(Expert System for the Elucidation of the Structures of Organic Compounds)系统的结构基元和结构片断的定义,并阐述了如何利用组合数学原理从分子式出发穷举生成结构基元向量和结构片断向量及结构片断集的算法。     

Comparison Theorems for Eigenvalues of Elliptic Operators and the Generalized Pólya Conjecture

We establish comparison theorems for eigenvalues between higher order elliptic equations on compact manifolds with boundary. As an application, it follows that if the Pólya conjecture is true then so is the generalized Pólya conjecture proposed by Ku et al. (J Differ Equ 97:127–139, 1992). We also obtain new lower bound for the eigenvalues of higher order elliptic equations on bounded domains in a Euclidean space.