Self‐Propelled Nanomotors for Thermomechanically Percolating Cell Membranes

We report a near‐infrared (NIR) light‐powered Janus mesoporous silica nanomotor (JMSNM) with macrophage cell membrane (MPCM) cloaking that can actively seek cancer cells and thermomechanically percolate cell membrane. Upon exposure to NIR light, a heat gradient across the Janus boundary of the JMSNMs is generated by the photothermal effect of the Au half‐shells, resulting in a self‐thermophoretic force that propels the JMSNMs. In biological medium, the MPCM camouflaging can not only prevent dissociative biological blocks from adhering to JMSNMs but also improve the seeking sensitivity of the nanomotors by specifically recognizing cancer cells. The biofriendly propulsion and recognition capability enable JMSNMs to achieve the active seeking and bind to the membrane of cancer cells. Subsequent illumination with NIR then triggers the photothermal effect of MPCM@JMSNMs to thermomechanically perforate the cytomembranes for guest molecular injection. This approach integrates the functions of active seeking, cytomembranes perforating, and thermomechanical therapy in nanomotors, which may pave the way to apply self‐propelled motors in biomedical fields.     

用于甲烷脱氢芳构化反应Mo基催化剂的研究

 通过对分子筛载体HZSM－5进行精密前处理，然后浸渍钼酸铵溶液和添加微量助剂Fe，分别制得催化剂Mo／HZSM－5（t）和Fe－Mo／HZSM－5（t），考察了它们对甲烷脱氢芳构化反应的催化性能．结果表明，在Mo／HZSM－5（t）催化剂上，反应5h后，甲烷的转化率可达11．4％，苯收率高于6．2％，在反应30h后，甲烷的转化率可达8．8％，苯收率高于5．3％，催化剂显示出较高的稳定性．微量助剂Fe的添加在保持催化剂稳定性的前提下进一步改善了催化剂的活性，使甲烷的转化率相对于Mo／HZSM－5（t）上的提高了18％，苯收率提高了52％．XRD和TPO测试表明活性组分Mo和助剂Fe高度分散于载体上或进入载体孔道中，载体的精密前处理及Fe的添加提高了催化剂的抗积炭能力，使得催化剂稳定性显著提高．     

Fulvic acid sorption on muscovite mica as a function of pH and time using in situ X-ray reflectivity

Interfacial structures of the basal surface of muscovite mica in 100 mg kg (-1) Elliott Soil Fulvic Acid II solutions were investigated using in situ X-ray reflectivity. Molecular-scale variations in the thickness and internal structure of the fulvic acid (FA) film were observed and quantified as a function of pH (2-12) and reaction time (3-500 h at pH 3.7). At pH < or =6, the electron-density profile of the FA layer sorbed on the muscovite surface was composed of one near-surface peak followed by a broad peak that diminished in electron density with distance from the surface. The presence of the near-surface peak is attributed to condensation of FA molecules during sorption. The apparent thickness of the FA layer decreased from 12.3 to 7.2 to 6.4 A as pH increased from 2 to 3.7 to 6, respectively. At pH > or =8.5, a distinct interfacial structure was observed, consisting of sharper peaks similar to those previously observed for muscovite in the absence of FA. These peaks are most likely composed of smaller aqueous species, such as H 2O molecules, metal ion impurities from FA, and Na (+) from NaOH. The FA sorbed on the muscovite surface at pH 3.7 maintained a relatively constant thickness after 3 hours. However, the electron density of the near-surface FA peak increased by about 24% from 3 to 12 hours, and remained relatively constant from 12 to 500 hours. The electron density of the more distant part of the sorbed FA layer increased slightly after 12-50 hours of reaction but then decreased, and the broad peak flattened by 500 hours. Internal structural changes are possibly due to the slow sorption rate of FA molecules, or a fractionation effect, i.e., continuous subsitution of smaller FA molecules by larger FA molecules.     

利用Raman相互作用构造类可控非门

利用一个参量频率转换过程,在腔中制备双模SU(2)相干态,然后注入A型三能级原子,使之与腔场的一个模发生Raman相互作用,生成腔场-原子纠缠态,通过对原子进行选择性测量,可获得奇偶SU(2)相干态.我们分别将原子能级和奇偶相干态编者按码为目标量子比特和控制量子比特,利用Raman相互作用可构造出类可控非门.     

低频波长调制光谱的理论与实验研究

通过调制半导体激光外腔压电陶瓷的电压实现低频波长调制 ,并慢扫描激光器的波长 ,测量了CS 原子D2线 [6S1 2 (F =4)→ 6P3 2 ]的吸收光谱 ,利用锁相放大器处理了二次、四次、六次谐波信号 ,实验结果与理论分析相吻合 ,在实验过程中还发现高次谐波探测可以有效地提高探测信号的信噪比     

砷污染对植物和人体健康的影响及防治对策

讨论了土壤环境背景值及来源，地植物和人体健康的影响，砷的环境质量标准，国内外砷对环境的情况，以及砷污染防治对策。。     

乙基橙全息存储双光子单光子过程及非线性光学性质的研究

在MNDO和ZINDO方法基础上,计算了乙基橙分子的几何构型和电子光谱,从理论上探讨了该分子双光子、单光子全息存储的机制。按完全态求和公式编制了计算分子二阶、三阶非线性光学系数β~i~j~k,γ~i~j~k~l的程序并给出了乙基橙分子的β,γ计算值。     

非谐势阱中二维G-P方程的数值计算

通过能量泛函的方法得到描述囚禁在非谐势阱中玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的二维G-P方程数值解,讨论原子间相互作用和非谐振势能项对玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的分布、能量和化学势的影响.     

消除波长调制光谱中激光能量起伏对谐波信号干扰的新技术

利用扫描外腔二极管激光器(ECDL）后镜压电陶瓷(PZT）电压时频率变化和背景能量起伏之间存在相位差的特性,通过矢量锁相放大器将一个探测器探测到的信号成份和背景起伏噪声分开,获得标准的1f~4f信号.如果不存在这个相位差,则无法消除谐波信号背景干扰.这种技术简单、实用,对理论分析谐波信号以及实现高灵敏探测污染气体传感器的小型化都有重要的指导意义.     

A 13CO isotopic study on the CO promotion effect in methane dehydroaromatization reaction over a Mo/HMCM-49 catalyst

The promotion effect of CO in methane dehydroaromatization was investigated using 13CO probe molecules. By alternative injection of 13CO to the methane feed,the distribution of 13CxC6-xH6(x=0-3)products changed significantly,confirming the participation of13CO in the reaction network.The addition of 13CO did not change the conversion of CH4 but improved slightly the durability of the methane dehydroaromatization(MDA)reaction,which might be caused by the interaction of the dissociated oxygen species and the ...