全文获取类型
收费全文 | 32061篇 |
免费 | 4275篇 |
国内免费 | 4425篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 21745篇 |
晶体学 | 301篇 |
力学 | 1998篇 |
综合类 | 294篇 |
数学 | 3928篇 |
物理学 | 12495篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 80篇 |
2023年 | 509篇 |
2022年 | 824篇 |
2021年 | 834篇 |
2020年 | 998篇 |
2019年 | 912篇 |
2018年 | 762篇 |
2017年 | 728篇 |
2016年 | 1120篇 |
2015年 | 1083篇 |
2014年 | 1353篇 |
2013年 | 1777篇 |
2012年 | 2177篇 |
2011年 | 3372篇 |
2010年 | 2090篇 |
2009年 | 2016篇 |
2008年 | 1638篇 |
2007年 | 1524篇 |
2006年 | 1523篇 |
2005年 | 1498篇 |
2004年 | 2126篇 |
2003年 | 1452篇 |
2002年 | 1246篇 |
2001年 | 1036篇 |
2000年 | 712篇 |
1999年 | 805篇 |
1998年 | 740篇 |
1997年 | 603篇 |
1996年 | 549篇 |
1995年 | 508篇 |
1994年 | 449篇 |
1993年 | 736篇 |
1992年 | 745篇 |
1991年 | 524篇 |
1990年 | 531篇 |
1989年 | 456篇 |
1988年 | 188篇 |
1987年 | 94篇 |
1986年 | 124篇 |
1985年 | 87篇 |
1984年 | 54篇 |
1983年 | 50篇 |
1982年 | 46篇 |
1981年 | 22篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1957年 | 4篇 |
1938年 | 4篇 |
1893年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
62.
63.
64.
差分吸收光谱法测量大气痕量气体浓度误差分析及改善方法 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
差分吸收光谱技术(DOAS)中采用线性最小二乘拟合方法,用痕量气体标准差分吸收截面对测量得到的差分吸收光谱进行拟合,得出大气中痕量气体的浓度.计算结果的准确性不仅取决于光谱的测量精度,而且受标准差分吸收截面以及仪器函数和温度等诸多因素的影响.详细地分析了计算误差的产生原因,提出了用高浓度样品池得到标准吸收截面的方法,针对光谱固有结构,以及温度对标准吸收截面的影响,改进了浓度反演算法.大量的实验表明,综合运用上述方法,即便对低浓度的样气,相对测量误差也能降低到10%以下. 相似文献
65.
与HBV X蛋白相互作用的细胞蛋白的筛选及其鉴定 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
参考GenBank核苷酸序列库中的HBV的核苷酸序列设计合成了一对对应于HBx基因的引物,从原发性肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)患者的血清中提取HBV基因组DNA作为模板,扩增HBx编码区并测定了核苷酸序列.将该编码区克隆到酵母双杂交系统的诱饵蛋白表达载体pGBKT7中,转入酵母细胞AH109,进行表型鉴定.然后通过Mating实验从已制备好用于酵母双杂交系统的肝cDNA表达文库中筛选与HBx相互作用的细胞蛋白,并用体外免疫共沉淀实验进一步验证.研究表明,分离得到的与HBx基因编码的蛋白相互作用的4种新的细胞蛋白,分别是醛缩酶B、C8α亚基、一种丝氨酸蛋白酶Hepsin和一种未知蛋白. 相似文献
66.
电子束流品质对自由电子激光小信号增益影响的计算 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对电子束有一定初始能量分散或角度分散时的自由电子激光小信号增益用较简便的方法进行了分析计算,并给出了一个渐近公式,结果与用计算机模拟解自由电子激光微分方程组得到的结果一致。 相似文献
67.
It is widely accepted that next-generation networks will provide guaranteed services, in contrast to the “best effort” approach today. We study and analyze queueing policies for network switches that support the QoS (Quality of Service) feature. One realization of the QoS feature is that packets are not necessarily all equal, with some having higher priorities than the others. We model this situation by assigning an intrinsic value to each packet. In this paper we are concerned with three different queueing policies: the nonpreemptive model, the FIFO preemptive model, and the bounded delay model. We concentrate on the situation where the incoming traffic overloads the queue, resulting in packet loss. The objective is to maximize the total value of packets transmitted by the queueing policy. The difficulty lies in the unpredictable nature of the future packet arrivals. We analyze the performance of the online queueing policies via competitive analysis, providing upper and lower bounds for the competitive ratios. We develop practical yet sophisticated online algorithms (queueing policies) for the three queueing models. The algorithms in many cases have provably optimal worst-case bounds. For the nonpreemptive model, we devise an optimal online algorithm for the common 2-value model. We provide a tight logarithmic bound for the general nonpreemptive model. For the FIFO preemptive model, we improve the general lower bound to 1.414, while showing a tight bound of 1.434 for the special case of queue size 2. We prove that the bounded delay model with uniform delay 2 is equivalent to a modified FIFO preemptive model with queue size 2. We then give improved upper and lower bounds on the 2-uniform bounded delay model. We also show an improved lower bound of 1.618 for the 2-variable bounded delay model, matching the previously known upper bound. 相似文献
68.
This paper is devoted to a detailed theoretical study of an ion pair SN2 reaction LiNCO+CH3F in the gas phase and in solution at the level of MP2(full)/6-31+G**//HF/6-31+G**. Two possible reaction mechanisms, inversion and retention, are discussed. There are eight possible reaction pathways. The inversion mechanism is more favorable no matter in the gas phase or in solution based on analyses of the transition structures. Methyl isocyanate should form preferentially in the gas phase and more stable methyl cyanate is the main product in solution. The retardation of the reaction in solvents was attributed to the difference in solvation in the separated reactants and in the transition state. 相似文献
69.
70.
Xuding Zhu 《Journal of Graph Theory》2005,48(3):186-209
For 1 ≤ d ≤ k, let Kk/d be the graph with vertices 0, 1, …, k ? 1, in which i ~j if d ≤ |i ? j| ≤ k ? d. The circular chromatic number χc(G) of a graph G is the minimum of those k/d for which G admits a homomorphism to Kk/d. The circular clique number ωc(G) of G is the maximum of those k/d for which Kk/d admits a homomorphism to G. A graph G is circular perfect if for every induced subgraph H of G, we have χc(H) = ωc(H). In this paper, we prove that if G is circular perfect then for every vertex x of G, NG[x] is a perfect graph. Conversely, we prove that if for every vertex x of G, NG[x] is a perfect graph and G ? N[x] is a bipartite graph with no induced P5 (the path with five vertices), then G is a circular perfect graph. In a companion paper, we apply the main result of this paper to prove an analog of Haj?os theorem for circular chromatic number for k/d ≥ 3. Namely, we shall design a few graph operations and prove that for any k/d ≥ 3, starting from the graph Kk/d, one can construct all graphs of circular chromatic number at least k/d by repeatedly applying these graph operations. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 48: 186–209, 2005 相似文献