C60在几种溶剂中紫外吸光度的负热效应

所采用的变温光谱差减方法是将待测试样分成两份 ,一份作为参比试样 ,恒定在某一温度 (参比温度 )下 ,另一份作为待测样品 ,选定另一待观测温度 ,在一定的波长范围内 ,用岛津UV 2 4 0型紫外 可见双光束分光光度计扫描 ,获得紫外吸收温差光谱 (UVSDT)。选择不同的温度差 ,测得温差光谱随温差的变化。观测了C60 分子在乙醇、环己烷、正己烷、异丙醇等几种有机溶剂中吸光度随温度的变化。观测结果发现C60 溶液的吸光度变化存在显著的负温度效应。C60 的UV吸收光谱峰随试样温度升高而降低 ,UV吸收温差光谱 (U VSDT)为负峰 ,UVSDT峰强随温差增大而负向增大。说明C60 的结构对温度有较强的依赖关系。这种依赖关系与π π 电子跃迁类型密切相关。实时现场测量C60 溶液的吸光度随温度变化规律 ,对分离、纯化、分析富勒烯 ,认识C60 特性、研究以溶剂为媒介的化学反应机理 ,以及提高测量的准确度和重现性等 ,均有一定的理论意义和实用价值     

光热敏折变玻璃及其布拉格体光栅特性研究

采用高温二次化料的方法制备了一种SiO2-Al2O3-ZnO-Na2O(F、Br)玻璃体系的光热敏折变(PTR)玻璃,通过紫外曝光、透射率光谱、X射线衍射(XRD)和差热分析等方法研究了其光热敏析晶机理。研究表明,PTR玻璃的光敏区为280～350nm,工作区为400～2700nm,最佳成核温度和析晶温度分别为490℃和595℃,析晶组分为NaF晶体。采用双光束干涉方法与"两步法"的热处理工艺在PTR玻璃中制备了周期为1000mm-1的布拉格体光栅,光栅的相对衍射效率达到91%,并验证了制备的布拉格体光栅具有角选择滤波能力。     

Influence ofΛ Hyperons 1S0 Superfluidity on the Direct Urca Processes with Hyperons

In the framework of the relativistic mean field theory (RMFT), the relativistic energy losses of the direct Urca processes withhyperons (Y-DURCA) for reactionsΛ→p + e +\bar{\nu}_{e} andΞ^- →Λ + e +ν_e arestudied in neutron stars. We calculate the energy gap ofΛ hyperons and investigate the effects of the ¹S₀superfluidity (SF) ofΛ hyperons on the Y-DURCA processes. The calculated results are in line with the recent experimental data\Delta B_ΛΛ∽1.01±0.20^+0.18_-0.11 MeV.The results indicate that the ¹S₀ SF ofΛ hyperons exists in most density ranges of happening the two reactions. The
theoretical cooling curves are in agreement with observation data.     

High Photon-Number Squeezing in Strong Field Limit

We show that high photon-number squeezing in bright light can be generated in both lasers and optical bistabilities by the injections of a squeezed vacuum and a classical field, and the high squeezing is maintained for very strong field.     

辐照电子在光纤芯处能量沉积的计算

为了用尽可能低的辐照电子能量在光纤芯处形成大的性质改变,模拟了0.1～1 MeV能量的电子辐照二氧化硅.发现每一特定能量的电子辐照二氧化硅时,在其中有个能量沉积最快的位置.计算得到0.447 4 MeV能量的电子在单模光纤中心能量沉积最快,分析发现对于这个能量的电子多数可以穿透到光纤芯处,电子能量在光纤芯处的沉积主要是由于电子能量的减小造成的.这些结果可为用电子辐照光纤制作光器件时的初始电子能量选择提供参考.     

环戊烯分子内价轨道1a′的电子动量谱学研究

报道了环戊烯（C₅H₈）分子1a′轨道的电子动量谱，并且给出了价 轨道的电离能谱信息 .实验在非共面对称几何条件下用能量多道型电子动量谱仪完成，入射电子的能量为1200 eV 加结合能.通过Hartree-Fock 和密度泛函方法计算得到了C₅H₈分子 1a′轨道的动量谱. 对1a′轨道的电子动量谱的实验值和理论计算进行了比较，得到了该轨道的极强度（pole s trength）的信息.     

量子点单光子源及其制备方法研究进展

本文概述了量子保密通讯中面临的三大关键技术。并对关键技术之一的单光子源技术进行了重点介绍，如量子点作为单光子源的研究概况，单光子发射的实现、激子跃迁、双激子跃迁引起的聚束和反聚束效应和光子相关测量等。并介绍了国际上制备半导体自组装量子点在形貌、发光谱、极化以及近场光学用于量子点极化和激子发射等研究方面所取得的进展。     

Improved l1-SPIRiT using 3D walsh transform-based sparsity basis

l1-SPIRiT is a fast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method which combines parallel imaging (PI) with compressed sensing (CS) by performing a joint l1-norm and l2-norm optimization procedure. The original l1-SPIRiT method uses two-dimensional (2D) Wavelet transform to exploit the intra-coil data redundancies and a joint sparsity model to exploit the inter-coil data redundancies. In this work, we propose to stack all the coil images into a three-dimensional (3D) matrix, and then a novel 3D Walsh transform-based sparsity basis is applied to simultaneously reduce the intra-coil and inter-coil data redundancies. Both the 2D Wavelet transform-based and the proposed 3D Walsh transform-based sparsity bases were investigated in the l1-SPIRiT method. The experimental results show that the proposed 3D Walsh transform-based l1-SPIRiT method outperformed the original l1-SPIRiT in terms of image quality and computational efficiency.     

A quadrature demodulation method based on tracking the ultrasound echo frequency

The ultrasound echo attenuation depends on frequency, propagating depth and tissue characteristics. Thus, the attenuation dependent on frequency results in a larger attenuation of high frequencies than lower when the wave propagates through the tissue. As a result, the central frequency of the echo generates the increasing downshift with the increasing of depth. In the traditional I/Q demodulation method, it is assumed that the central frequency of the echo is the same as the transmitting frequency and unchanged all time. The assumption directly causes that the acquired I/Q signals are not perfect baseband ones but biased due to the echo attenuation. In addition, the unreasonable assumption will keep the echo from getting better signal-to-noise ratio. A quadrature demodulation method based on tracking the ultrasound echo frequency is proposed in this paper. The method consists of the traditional I/Q demodulator, the frequency tracking module, the phase compensation module and the dynamic filtering module. The outputs of I/Q demodulator are biased. Autocorrelation technique is utilized in the frequency tracking unit to estimate the frequency bias according to the outputs of I/Q demodulator. The estimated bias feeds to the phase compensation unit which can eliminate the frequency bias by simple trigonometric function transform. The compensated signals feed to the dynamic filter and are further processed. The bandwidth of the dynamic filter decreases with the increasing of the depth, which makes the echo acquire better SNR in different depth. The efficiency of the proposed method is testified by both simulations and experiments.     

氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖复合薄膜材料的制备及其非线性光限幅效应的研究

石墨烯及其衍生物作为新型碳纳米结构,由于其优异的光限幅性能而受到广泛关注,但现有的工作多侧重于其在液相体系中光限幅效应及其起因研究.本文以壳聚糖为成膜基质,将氧化石墨烯(GO)与壳聚糖(CS)在液相中均匀共混后成膜,对比研究GO溶液和GO-CS复合膜的光限幅效应及其起因.结果表明在线性透过率相同的情况下,GO在固相基质中表现出比液相基质更强的光限幅效应和更弱的非线性散射.这说明不同于碳纳米管简单的非线性散射,在GO中可能存在多种非线性光学效应.