Stacking in CE for Analysis of Bromate Flour Additive

In this paper we report a simple and effective on-line sample-stacking method in capillary electrophoresis for analysis of bromate ion. The detection limit is 10.9 ng mL^?1. Direct injection is performed after a simple extraction procedure. It is possible to detect 2.18 mg kg^?1 bromate ion in flour by use of this technique.     

Quantifying the value of buyer–vendor coordination: Analytical and numerical results under different replenishment cost structures

Despite a growing interest in channel coordination, no detailed analytical or numerical results measuring its impact on system performance have been reported in the literature. Hence, this paper aims to develop analytical and numerical results documenting the system-wide cost improvement rates that are due to coordination. To this end, we revisit the classical buyer–vendor coordination problem introduced by Goyal [S.K. Goyal, An integrated inventory model for a single-supplier single-customer problem. International Journal of Production Research 15 (1976) 107–111] and extended by Toptal et al. [A. Toptal, S. Çetinkaya, C.-Y. Lee, The buyer–vendor coordination problem: modeling inbound and outbound cargo capacity and costs, IIE Transactions on Logistics and Scheduling 35 (2003) 987–1002] to consider generalized replenishment costs under centralized decision making. We analyze (i) how the counterpart centralized and decentralized solutions differ from each other, (ii) under what circumstances their implications are similar, and (iii) the effect of generalized replenishment costs on the system-wide cost improvement rates that are due to coordination. First, considering Goyal’s basic setting, we show that the improvement rate depends on cost parameters. We characterize this dependency analytically, develop analytical bounds on the improvement rate, and identify the problem instances in which considerable savings can be achieved through coordination. Next, we analyze Toptal et al.’s [A. Toptal, S. Çetinkaya, C.-Y. Lee, The buyer–vendor coordination problem: modeling inbound and outbound cargo capacity and costs, IIE Transactions on Logistics and Scheduling 35 (2003) 987–1002] extended setting that considers generalized replenishment costs representing inbound and outbound transportation considerations, and we present detailed numerical results quantifying the value of coordination. We report significant improvement rates with and without explicit transportation considerations, and we present numerical evidence which suggests that larger rates are more likely in the former case.     

Radiation effect studies in single crystal of Trifluoroacetyl-α-Aminoisobutyric acid

In this study, electron paramagnetic resonance of γ-irradiated single crystals of N-Trifluoroacetyl-α-amino isobutyric acid (F₃Ac-Aib-OH) was investigated at room temperature and analyzed for different orientations of the crystal in the magnetic field. The paramagnetic species in N-Trifluoroacetyl-α-aminoisobutyric acid was attributed to the ?F₂-R radical (R= CONHC(CH₃)COOH). Hyperfine coupling constants and g value were also determined. In addition, the single crystal of F₃Ac-Aib-OH was UV-irradiated and paramagnetic species formed was studied at room temperature. The effects of gamma irradiation on fluoroamino acid and stability were discussed.     

Aircraft and crew scheduling for fractional ownership programs

Fractional aircraft ownership programs, where individuals or corporations own a fraction of an aircraft, have revolutionized the corporate aviation industry. Fractional management companies (FMC) manage all aspects of aircraft operations enabling the owners to enjoy the benefits of private aviation without the associated responsibilities. We describe here the development of a scheduling decision support tool for a leading FMC. We present mathematical models, exact and heuristic solution methods. Our computational results using real and randomly generated data indicate that these models are quite effective in finding optimal or near-optimal solutions. The first phase of the implementation of one of these models at the FMC led to a significant improvement in effective utilization of the aircraft, reduction of costs due to reduced empty moves, and hence increased profits.     

Algebraic properties of separated power series

We study the commutative algebra of rings of separated power series over a ring E and that of their extensions: rings of separated (and more specifically convergent) power series from a field K with a separated E-analytic structure. Both of these collections of rings already play an important role in the model theory of non-Archimedean valued fields and we establish their algebraic properties. This will make a study of the analytic geometry over such fields through the classical methods of algebraic geometry possible.     

Novel phthalocyanines with naphthalenic substituents

Phthalocyanines with four naphthyl-malonic ester groups on the periphery were synthesized by cyclotetramerization of 4-(1,1-dicarbethoxy-2-(1-naphthyl)-ethyl)-phthalonitrile. The new compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. The electronic spectra exhibit intense π–π* transitions from the naphthyl moiety together with the characteristic Q and B bands of the phthalocyanine core. The electrochemical properties of the 2,9,17,23-tetra-(1,1-(dicarbethoxy)-2-(1-naphthyl)-ethyl) phthalocyaninato copper(II) complex were studied by cyclic voltammetry.     

Stationary State Entanglement of Two Atoms Inside an Optical Cavity under Noise

In this paper, the entanglement properties of a system of two atoms inside an optical cavity in a stochastic interaction with field are studied by the Jaynes-Cummings Model. The phase telegraph noise is considered as a noise term and an exact solution to the model is obtained. The solution reveals the resulting decoherence effects of the noise on the entanglement properties of the system. It shows that under the noise the individual atoms do not entangle with the cavity field. However, a strong atom-atom entanglement is observed in a stationary state. It is seen that a relatively strong noise is cooperative in the construction of the steady state atom-atom entanglement.     

On Riesz spaces with b-property and strongly order bounded operators

A Riesz space E is said to have the b-property if each subset that is order bounded in the bidual remains to be order bounded in E. Properties of a Riesz space with the b-property, the relationship between the b-property and various classes of operators are studied.