The Kneser Property for the Second Order Functional Abstract Cauchy Problem

In this work we establish existence of mild solutions for a class of abstract semi-linear functional differential equations of second order and we prove that the set consisting of the mild solutions for these problems is connected.     

Living radical polymerization of vinyl chloride initiated with iodoform and catalyzed by nascent Cu0/tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine or polyethyleneimine in water at 25 °C proceeds by a new competing pathways mechanism

The first example of living radical polymerization of vinyl chloride carried out in water at 25 °C is reported. This polymerization was initiated by iodoform and catalyzed by nascent Cu⁰ produced by the disproportionation of Cu^I in the presence of strongly Cu^II binding ligands such as tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine or polyethyleneimine. The resulting poly(vinyl chloride) was free of structural defects, had controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution, contained two ～CHClI active chain ends, and had a higher syndiotacticity (62%) than the one obtained by conventional free‐radical polymerization at the same temperature (56%). This novel polymerization proceeds, most probably, by a combination of competitive pathways that involves activation by single electron transfer mediated by nascent Cu⁰ and degenerative chain transfer. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 3283–3299, 2003     

The Dunford-Pettis property is not a three-space property

An example of a Banach spaceX is shown which does not have the Dunford-Pettis property, while some subspaceY and the corresponding quotientX/Y have the hereditary Dunford-Pettis property.     

Flow injection electrochemical hydride generation of hydrogen selenide on lead cathode: critical study of the influence of experimental parameters.

A flow injection system for the determination of selenium by electrochemical hydride generation and quartz tube atomic absorption spectrometry is described. The generator consists of an electrolytic flow-through cell with a concentric arrangement and a packed cathode made of particulated lead. The influences of sample flow rate, carrier gas flow rate and electrolysis current on the hydrogen selenide generation have been critically studied. Both sample flow rate and electrolysis current play important roles in the efficiency of the hydride generation process. A characteristic mass of 2.4 ng and a concentration detection limit of 17 microg l(-1) were obtained for a sample volume of 420 microl.     

Testing Departures from Gamma, Rayleigh and Truncated Normal Distributions

This paper provides necessary and sufficient conditions for a solution to likelihood equations for an exponential family of distributions, which includes Gamma, Rayleigh and singly truncated normal distributions. Furthermore, the maximum likelihood estimator is obtained as a limit case when the equations have no solution. These results provide a way to test departures from Rayleigh and singly truncated normal distributions using the likelihood ratio test. A new easy way to test departures from a Gamma distribution is also introduced.     

Neue synthese von 1-acetyl-3-methoxycarbonyl-β-carbolin

A new synthetic method to obtain 1-acetyl-3-methoxycarbonyl-β-carboline using dl-tryptophan and acetaldehyde as starting materials is described.     

Thermal diffusion and the Marangoni-Benard instability of a two-component fluid layer heated from below

Predictions are given on stability conditions for experiments in standard and reduced-gravity conditions when the Soret effect is operating in a horizontal binary liquid layer heated from below and open to the ambient air.     

Semipreparative-scale gas-chromatographic separation of filbertone enantiomers

The enantioselectivity of heptakis(2,3-di-O-acetyl-6-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-beta-CD) toward racemic filbertone (E-5-methyl-hep-2-en-4-one) was studied by performing the chiral separation on a capillary column, a thick-film wide-bore column and a semipreparative column. The semipreparative enantioseparation of filbertone was achieved at 80 degrees C by using a packed column providing (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of filbertone with ee 90 and 96%, respectively. The isolated enantiomers (approximately 250 microg each, ee = 90-96%) may be used for studies on the relationship of chirality and biological activity by olfactory screening and toxicological studies.     

Description of the viscosity of honeys in the supercooled regime

For several honeys from different countries, we study the dependence of the Logarithmic Shift Factor (LSF$LSF$) with temperature that obeys the Williams–Landel–Ferry equation. We find that the LSF$LSF$ may be expressed in terms of a linear equation. On the other hand, the viscosities of different honeys present a corresponding state behavior through a master plot in terms of an adimensional temperature. This kind of behavior has been reported for other glass formers.     

Objective evaluation of acute adverse events and image quality of gadolinium-based contrast agents (gadobutrol and gadobenate dimeglumine) by blinded evaluation. Pilot study

Purpose

The purpose was to objectively evaluate a recently FDA-approved gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) in comparison to our standard GBCA for acute adverse events and image quality by blinded evaluation.

Methods

Evaluation was made of a recently FDA-approved GBCA, gadobutrol (Gadavist; Bayer), in comparison to our standard GBCA, gadobenate dimeglumine (MultiHance; Bracco), in an IRB- and HIPAA-compliant study. Both the imaging technologist and patient were not aware of the brand of the GBCA used. A total of 59 magnetic resonance studies were evaluated (59 patients, 31 men, 28 women, age range of 5–85 years, mean age of 52 years). Twenty-nine studies were performed with gadobutrol (22 abdominal and 7 brain studies), and 30 studies were performed with gadobenate dimeglumine (22 abdominal and 8 brain studies). Assessment was made of acute adverse events focusing on objective observations of vomiting, hives, and moderate and severe reactions. Adequacy of enhancement was rated as poor, fair and good by one of two experienced radiologists who were blinded to the type of agent evaluated.

Results

No patient experienced acute adverse events with either agent. The target minor adverse events of vomiting or hives, and moderate and severe reactions were not observed in any patient. Adequacy of enhancement was rated as good for both agents in all patients.

Conclusions

Objective, blinded evaluation is feasible and readily performable for the evaluation of GBCAs. This proof-of-concept study showed that both GBCAs evaluated exhibited consistent good image quality and no noteworthy adverse events.