Novel Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Ferroptosis in a Panel of Cancer Cell Lines

The use of nanomaterials rationally engineered to treat cancer is a burgeoning field that has reported great medical achievements. Iron-based polymeric nano-formulations with precisely tuned physicochemical properties are an expanding and versatile therapeutic strategy for tumor treatment. Recently, a peculiar type of regulated necrosis named ferroptosis has gained increased attention as a target for cancer therapy. Here, we show for the first time that novel iron oxide nanoparticles coated with gallic acid and polyacrylic acid (IONP–GA/PAA) possess intrinsic cytotoxic activity on various cancer cell lines. Indeed, IONP–GA/PAA treatment efficiently induces ferroptosis in glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, and fibrosarcoma cells. IONP–GA/PAA-induced ferroptosis was blocked by the canonical ferroptosis inhibitors, including deferoxamine and ciclopirox olamine (iron chelators), and ferrostatin-1, the lipophilic radical trap. These ferroptosis inhibitors also prevented the lipid hydroperoxide generation promoted by the nanoparticles. Altogether, we report on novel ferroptosis-inducing iron encapsulated nanoparticles with potent anti-cancer properties, which has promising potential for further in vivo validation.     

Cathodically deposited polypyridine films: A novel electroactive polyconjugated polymer

Poly-2,5- and poly-2,6-pyridine coatings have been produced on glassy-carbon electrodes by nickelcatalysed reduction of the corresponding dibromopyridine in acetonitrile. Poly-2,5-pyridine films display two reversible cathodic cycles, one of which is due to nickel ions coordinated to pyridine moieties and the other to the polymeric backbone. Both reductions lead to the polymer changing from the insulating to the conductive state. Conversely, Poly-2,6-pyridine films are not reversibly electroactive and the differences are discussed in terms of conjugation along the polymeric chain.     

Heat conduction through a rarefied gas between two rotating cylinders at small temperature difference

Summary Numerical calculations of heat transfer between two coaxial rotating cylinders at a small temperature difference are carried out over wide ranges of the Knudsen number and the angular velocity. The calculations have been performed based on the S-model of the Boltzmann equation by the discrete velocity method. It has been confirmed that in a rotating gas a radial temperature gradient causes both radial and tangential heat fluxes. Also, it has been found that the radial heat flux is affected by the rotation.On temporary leave from Department of Physics, Urals State University, 620083 Ekaterinburg, Russia.     

Proper holomorphic mappings between generalized pseudoellipsoids

Summary We characterize the existence of proper holomorphic mappings between pseudoellipsoids of the form . If f:()() is any such mapping, the existence of a subgroup of Aut (()) such that is shown equivalent to a condition on the branch locus of f.     

Physicochemical and electrochemical properties of Gd3+-doped ZnSe thin films fabricated by single-step electrochemical deposition process

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Gd3+ (gadolinium)-doped ZnSe thin films (1 to 5 mol%) are grown onto indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by single-step electrochemical...     

Synthesis and luminescent properties of Eu-complexes with 2-acyl-1,3-indandionates (ACIND) and TPPO ligands: The first X-ray structure of Eu–ACIND complex

Europium complexes presenting general formulas [Eu(ACIND)₃(H₂O)₂] and [Eu(ACIND)₃(TPPO)₂] have been synthesized and characterized. In these formulas ACIND is stands for the ligands 2-acetyl-1,3-indandionate (AIND), 2-isovaleryl-1,3-indandionate (ISOVIND) or 2-benzyl-1,3-indandionate (BIND). The [Eu(ISOVIND)₃(H₂O)(EtOH)] complex was also prepared and its structure determined by single crystal X-ray analysis, showing that this complex crystallize in a monoclinic space group P2₁/n with the water molecules bridging through the hydrogen bond. The Eu(III) ion is eight-coordinate in a bicapped trigonal prismatic geometry defined by the oxygen donor atoms with a site of symmetry close to C_2ν. Isovaleryl groups in the ISOVIND molecules in the structure are disordered over two positions of the europium complex. Carbon atoms in ethanol molecule are disordered by the thermal vibration. Photoluminescence properties of these complexes in solid state were investigated both experimentally and theoretically, suggesting an efficient ligand-to-metal intramolecular energy transfer process.     

The electrochemical reduction of some substituted π-cyclopentadienylnickel(II) complexes

The electrochemical reduction of the complexes [CpNi(PR₃)₂]⁺, where R = C₂H₅, C₃H₇, C₄H₉ or [C₆Ni,(diphos)]⁺ and [CpNi(diars)⁺ in acetonitrile is described and the data are compared with those for the complexes Cp₂Ni, [Ni(PR₃)₄]²⁺ and Ni(diphos)²⁺₂.     

Glucose sensors based on enzyme immobilization onto biocompatible membranes obtained by radiation-induced polymerization

Amperometric glucose biosensors based on glucose oxidase immobilized onto poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) membranes obtained by γ radiation-induced polymerization were constructed. In a threeelectrode configuration, smooth or platinized platinum electrodes with different shapes were used, in order to detect the amount of hydrogen peroxide produced in the glucose oxidation. A saturated calomel electrode and a platinum foil were used as a reference and counterelectrode, respectively. The biocompatible obtained sensors were characterized as regards the temperature effect, the response, and lifetime. The determination of glucose in standard solutions was carried out, and linear calibration curves were obtained. Depending on the electrode configuration, the sensor had a response time of 1–4 min, and the measuring range extended from 5 × 10^?5 to 4 × 10^?3M.     

Mercury(II) selective sensors based on AlGaN/GaN transistors

This work presents the first polymer approach to detect metal ions using AlGaN/GaN transistor-based sensor. The sensor utilised an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor-type structure by functionalising the gate area with a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based ion selective membrane. Sensors based on this technology are portable, robust and typically highly sensitive to the target analyte; in this case Hg²⁺. This sensor showed a rapid and stable response when it was introduced to solutions of varying Hg²⁺ concentrations. At pH 2.8 in a 10⁻² M KNO₃ ion buffer, a detection limit below 10⁻⁸ M and a linear response range between 10⁻⁸ M-10⁻⁴ M were achieved. This detection limit is an order of magnitude lower than the reported detection limit of 10⁻⁷ M for thioglycolic acid monolayer functionalised AlGaN/GaN HEMT devices. Detection limits of approximately 10⁻⁷ M and 10⁻⁶ M in 10⁻² M Cd(NO₃)₂ and 10⁻² M Pb(NO₃)₂ ion buffers were also achieved, respectively. Furthermore, we show that the apparent gate response was near-Nernstian under various conditions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments confirmed that the sensing membrane is reversible after being exposed to Hg²⁺ solution and rinsed with deionised water. The success of this study precedes the development of this technology in selectively sensing multiple ions in water with use of the appropriate polymer based membranes on arrays of devices.