Radioanalytical assessment of environmental contamination around non-remediated uranium mining legacy site and radium mobility

During the past century extensive uranium mining took place in Portugal for radium and uranium production. One such uranium mine was the Boco Mine, in operation during the 1960s and 70s. Mining waste and open pits were left uncovered since mine closure. During the nineties a quarry for sand extraction was operated in the same site and water from a local stream was extensively used in sand sieving. Downstream the mine area, agriculture soil is used for cattle grazing. Water from the stream, water wells, soil, pasture and sheep meat were now analyzed for radionuclides of uranium natural series. The U-series radionuclide ²²⁶Ra was generally the highest in concentrations especially in soil, pasture, and in internal organs of sheep. ²²⁶Ra concentrations were 1,093 ± 96 Bq/kg (dry weight, dw) in soil, 43 ± 3 Bq/kg (dw) in pasture, and 193 ± 84 mBq/kg (wet weight, ww) in muscle tissue of sheep. Other sheep internal organs displayed much higher ²²⁶Ra concentrations, such as the brain and kidneys with 1,850 ± 613 mBq/kg (ww) and 6,043 ± 6,023 mBq/kg (ww), respectively. Results of analyses of tissue samples from sheep grown in a comparison area were 2 to 16 times lower, depending on the organ. Absorbed radiation doses for internal organs were computed and may exceed 5.2 mGy/y in the case of kidneys, near three times higher than in animals from the reference area, but below the threshold for biological effects. Radionuclide transfer in the terrestrial food chain and radiation exposure of the human population is discussed.     

Synthesis of 3-iodothiophenes via iodocyclization of (Z)-thiobutenynes

A simple synthesis of 3-iodothiophenes was demonstrated using a wide range of (Z)-thioenynes. The key step in the iodocyclofunctionalization was the selective reduction of the triple bond in (Z)-thioenynes by the addition of iodine as an electrophilic agent. The 3-iodothiophenes were obtained in good to excellent yields of 61–92%. The 3-iodothiophenes were used as substrates in Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions to obtain thiophene acetylenes.     

线性扫描伏安法测定辣椒制品中苏丹红Ⅰ含量

基于苏丹红Ⅰ分子中的-C=C-和-N=N-基团的电活性,在悬汞电极上还原产生还原波,其还原峰高与苏丹红的浓度呈线性关系。据此提出用线性扫描伏安法测定辣椒制品中苏丹红Ⅰ的含量。试验中用悬汞电极为工作电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,铂微电极为对电极,饱和硼砂缓冲溶液(pH 9.2)为支持电解质,并以丙酮作为样品的溶剂,记录在-1 050mV处还原峰电流ip。测得苏丹红Ⅰ的质量浓度在0.1~1.4mg·L-1范围内与其峰高呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为9.8μg·L-1。用标准加入法进行回收试验,测得回收率在88.0%~98.4%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.72%~5.4%之间。     

Syntheses and Characterization of Two Diiron Dithiolate Complexes Containing 4-Dimethylaminopyridine

Two diiron dithiolate complexes, (μ-pdt)Fe2(CO)5(C7H10N2) 3 and (μ-edt)-Fe2(CO)5(C7H10N2) 4 (pdt = -S(CH2)3S-, edt = -S(CH2)2S-), have been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 3 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 10.168(4), b = 11.816(4), c = 16.595(7)  and β = 95.195(6)o; and complex 4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group P212121 with a = 9.317(3), b = 11.898(4), c = 34.006(10)  .The distances of Fe(1)–Fe(2) are 2.5058(9)  in 3 and 2.4942(10)  in 4, falling in the normal range of Fe–Fe bond length (2.49～2.57 ). The cyclic voltammograms show that 3 and 4 display irreversible reduction peaks (FeIFeI/ FeIFe0) at –1.717 V and –1.673 V vs. Ag/AgCl, respectively. With different acids, complex 3 has distinguishable behavior, two protonations in addition of HBF4-Et2O and single protonation besides HOAc-CH3CN, and complex 4 has a similar action to 3 with HOAc-CH3CN for a semblable structure.     

增塑剂对PVA碱性聚合物电解质电化学性能的影响

通过溶解―铸膜法制备聚乙烯醇(PVA)-KOH-H2O碱性聚合物电解质膜。向聚合物中添加增塑剂丙三醇(GROL)和碳酸丙烯酯(PC)来提高离子电导率。X射线晶体衍射分析(XRD)结果表明,添加增塑剂未改变聚合物的物相结构,薄膜仍主要为不定形态。差示扫描热分析(DSC)结果显示,添加增塑剂后聚合物电解质膜的玻璃化转变温度降低,促进了电解质膜向不定形态转变。电解质膜室温离子电导率随增塑剂添加而增大,增塑剂超过一定量后离子电导率开始下降。PC对提高离子电导率的作用优于GROL。循环伏安测试结果显示,电解质膜的电化学稳定性窗口随增塑剂的添加而有所变窄,但仍显示了较好的电化学稳定性。     

体积排阻色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱分析富硒大米含硒蛋白组成

建立体积排阻色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱(SEC-HPLC-ICP-MS)联用技术分析富硒大米含硒蛋白组成方法。通过水提、盐提、碱提和醇提方法提取,并用丙酮沉淀蛋白,硒的回收率分别为9.6%,16.8%,48.2%和14.9%,纯化后的蛋白结合硒的量由大到小依次为碱溶谷蛋白>球蛋白>醇溶蛋白>清蛋白。蛋白液经SEC-HPLC-ICP-MS检测,通过蛋白色谱峰(λ=280 nm)和ICP-MS硒峰(78Se)对比分析,利用分子量标准曲线测定出4类蛋白中含硒蛋白的分子量。结果表明,富硒大米中清蛋白和醇溶蛋白并不是硒的主要存在蛋白。硒主要存在于>7 kDa的碱溶谷蛋白和球蛋白,其中碱溶含硒蛋白主要组分F1分子量为199.8 kDa。     

Residue Coulomb Interaction Among Isobars and Its Influence in Symmetry Energy of Neutron-Rich Fragment

The residue Coulomb interaction (RCI), which affects the result of symmetry-energy coefficient of neutron-rich nucleus in isobaric yield ratio (IYR) method, is difficult to be determined. Four RCI approximations are investigated: (i) The M1-RCI adopting the a_c/T (the ratio of Coulomb energy coefficient to temperature) determined from the IYR of mirror-nucleus fragments; (ii) The M2-RCI by fitting the difference between IYRs; (iii) The M3-RCI adopting the standard Coulomb energy at a temperature T=2 MeV; and (iv) Neglecting the RCI among isobars. The M1-, M2- and M3-RCI are no larger than 0.4. In particular, the M2-RCI is very close to zero. The effects of RCI in a_sym/T of fragment are also studied. The M1- and M4-a_sym/T are found to be the lower and upper limitations of a_sym/T, respectively. The M2-a_sym/T overlaps the M4-a_sym/T, which indicates that the M2-RCI is negligible in the IYR method, and the RCI among the three isobars can be neglected. The relative consistent low values of M3-a_sym/T (7.5±2.5) are found in very neutron-rich isobars.