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101.
E F Gordon B A Mansoori C F Carroll D C Muddiman 《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》1999,34(10):1055-1062
The number of publications documenting the utility of electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) for the analysis of biological molecules has increased in geometric proportion spanning diverse areas of research. Currently, we are investigating the capabilities of ESI-FTICR to quantify relative molecular ion abundances of biopolymers, an area which has not been explored rigorously. We present here the results of an investigation of a two-component system utilizing equine heart cytochrome c (EH) as the analyte and bovine heart cytochrome c (BH) as a constant concentration internal standard. As these compounds are relatively large ( approximately 12 kDa), they will become multiply charged during the electrospray process. Using appropriate solution and instrument conditions, the 7(+) and 8(+) charge states were enhanced for both cytochrome c species. We report that using the average of the ion abundances for the two charge states observed for each species, the linear curve (intensity ratio vs concentration ratio) had a dynamic range of 0.045-2.348 microM (1.7 orders of magnitude). Linear least-squares regression analysis (LLSRA) of these averaged ion abundances (i.e. [(EH + 7H(+))(7+)/(BH + 7H(+))(7+) + (EH + 8H(+))(8+)/(BH + 8H(+))(8+)]/2) yielded the equation y = 1.005x + 0.027. The slope of the line with its calculated precision, reported as one standard deviation, is 1.005 +/- 0.0150, which is statistically ideal (i.e. equal to unity). However, LLSRA of the ion abundances of the two individual charge states were significantly different (i.e. the slope of the (EH + 7H(+))(7+)/(BH + 7H(+))(7+) peak intensity ratio vs molar ratio data was 0.885 +/- 0.0183 and the slope of the (EH + 8H(+))(8+)/(BH + 8H(+))(8+) data was 1.125 +/- 0.0308). We attribute this difference to the variation in primary amino acid sequence for the two cytochrome c species. Both have 104 amino acids, but there are three residue substitutions between EH and BH; one of the substitutions confers an additional basic site to EH. While this extra basic residue may imply an additional charging site, the low charge states observed under the solution conditions employed indicate that most (>66%) basic sites are not protonated. However, the extra basic site also renders EH slightly more hydrophilic. These results present significant considerations when choosing internal standards for the quantification of large proteins by ESI-FTICR-MS and demonstrate that relative molecular ion signals in FTICR can be used to quantify macromolecular species in the nanomolar regime. 相似文献
102.
Abe F Amidei D Apollinari G Atac M Auchincloss P Baden AR Bamberger A Barbaro-Galtieri A Barnes VE Bedeschi F Behrends S Belforte S Bellettini G Bellinger J Bensinger J Beretvas A Berge JP Bertolucci S Bhadra S Binkley M Blair R Blocker C Booth AW Brandenburg G Brown D Buckley E Byon A Byrum KL Campagnari C Campbell M Carey R Carithers W Carlsmith D Carroll JT Cashmore R Cervelli F Chadwick K Chiarelli G Chinowsky W Cihangir S Clark AG Connor D Contreras M Cooper J Cordelli M Crane D Curatolo M 《Physical review letters》1989,63(7):720-723
103.
[reaction: see text] The hydroxy-directed reduction of 1,2-dehydropiperidines with the "ate" complex of DIBAL-H and n-BuLi affords functionalized trans-2,6-disubstituted piperidines. This methodology was employed in the asymmetric synthesis of the quinolizidine alkaloid (-)-lasubine I. 相似文献
104.
Daewon Hong Patrick J. Carroll Larry G. Sneddon 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2003,680(1-2):61-65
The new 11-vertex nido-diphosphaborane, 7,9-Ph2-nido-7,9-P2B9H9, has been synthesized by the reaction of Me4N+[nido-B9H12−] with PhPCl2 in the presence of NaH. A single crystal X-ray diffraction determination and DFT/GIAO/NMR methods have both established that the compound has an open cage structure containing the phosphorus atoms in non-adjacent positions on the open face. 相似文献
105.
E. Bonvin R. Bopp L. J. Carroll A. J. Cass S. U. Chung M. Donnat P. A. Dorsaz M. E. Feliks L. Fluri J. N. Jackson M. N. Kienzle-Focacci J. G. Lynch M. Martin L. Mathys P. J. Negus L. Perini R. Poultney W. H. Range L. Rosselet S. W. Snow A. S. Thompson R. M. Turnbull M. Werlen WA -Collaboration 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1989,41(4):591-598
A search for pairs of highp T prompt photons produced in hydrogen by a 280 GeV/c incidentπ - beam has been carried out using a fine-grained electromagnetic calorimeter and the Omega spectrometer at the CERN SPS. Clear evidence for the existence of such events is found with a six standard deviation signal forp T >3.0 GeV/c. The cross-sections are consistent with beyond leading order QCD calculations. A discussion on the determination of α s is also presented. 相似文献
106.
We have investigated the implantation of Ag(N) (N = 20-200) clusters into a graphite substrate over the range of energies (E) 0.75-6 keV using molecular dynamics simulations. We find that after implantation the silver clusters remain coherent, albeit amorphous, and rest at the bottom of an open tunnel in the graphite created by the impact. It is found that the implantation depth of the clusters varies linearly as E/N2/3. We conclude that the cluster is decelerated by a constant force proportional to its cross-sectional area. We also identify a threshold energy for surface penetration associated with elastic compression of the graphite substrate. 相似文献
107.
D. De Salvador A. Coati E. Napolitani M. Berti A.V. Drigo M.S. Carroll J.C. Sturm J. Stangl G. Bauer L. Lazzarini 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2002,75(6):667-672
In this work we investigate the diffusion and precipitation of supersaturated substitutional carbon in 200-nm-thick SiGeC
layers buried under a silicon cap layer of 40 nm. The samples were annealed in either inert (N2) or oxidizing (O2) ambient at 850 °C for times ranging from 2 to 10 h. The silicon self-interstitial (I) flux coming from the surface under
oxidation enhances the C diffusion with respect to the N2-annealed samples. In the early stages of the oxidation process, the loss of C from the SiGeC layer by diffusion across the
layer/cap interface dominates. This phenomenon saturates after an initial period (2–4 h), which depends on the C concentration.
This saturation is due to the formation and growth of C-containing precipitates that are promoted by the I injection and act
as a sink for mobile C atoms. The influence of carbon concentration on the competition between precipitation and diffusion
is discussed.
Received: 19 October 2001 / Accepted: 19 December 2001 / Published online: 20 March 2002 / Published online: 20 March 2002 相似文献
108.
Kim K Webster S Levi N Carroll DL Pinto MR Schanze KS 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2005,21(11):5207-5211
We describe the preparation and characterization of a photonic crystal filled with a luminescent conjugated polyelectrolyte, sulfonated poly(phenylene ethynylene). The conjugated polymer was coated onto the nanospheres by the layer-by-layer method and assembled directly into a fluorescent opal structure avoiding the defects associated with post-filling schemes. These structures exhibit strong angle-dependent luminescent properties. By using multiple layers, we further demonstrate control over the emissive bands of the opal. 相似文献
109.
Abe F Amidei D Apollinari G Ascoli G Atac M Auchincloss P Baden AR Barbaro-Galtieri A Barnes VE Bedeschi F Behrends S Belforte S Bellettini G Bellinger J Bensinger J Beretvas A Berge P Bertolucci S Bhadra S Binkley M Blair R Blocker C Bofill J Booth AW Brandenburg G Brown D Byon A Byrum KL Campbell M Carey R Carithers W Carlsmith D Carroll JT Cashmore R Cervelli F Chadwick K Chapin T Chiarelli G Chinowsky W Cihangir S Cline D Connor D Contreras M Cooper J Cordelli M Curatolo M Day C DelFabbro R 《Physical review letters》1989,62(6):613-616
110.
A gamma-ray laser would stimulate coherent emission of radiation at wavelengths below 1 Å from excited states of nuclei. However, the difficulties in realizing such a device were considered insurmountable when the first cycle of study ended in1981. Since then, research on the feasibility of a gamma-ray laser has taken on a completely new character. A nuclear analog of the ruby laser has been proposed and many of the component steps for pumping the nuclei have been demonstrated experimentally. A quantitative model based upon the new data and the concepts of this decade shows the gamma-ray laser to be feasible if some real isotope has its properties sufficiently close to the ideals. The greatest positive impact has come from the discovery of giant resonances for pumping nuclei with photons that greatly reduce the levels of input power needed. Most recently, attention has been focused upon efforts to demonstrate prelasing levels of fluorescence from simulation nuclides and actual gamma-ray laser candidates. Problems being addressed are the acquisition of macroscopic samples of the best nuclei for testing and the demonstration of appropriate instrumentation. 相似文献