Core hole satellites in Ni and Au Ni

The 2p core hole satellite structure in Ni and 5% Ni in Au are compared and discussed in terms of recent theoretical models. The large differences found for these two materials are explained in terms of the large differences in the Ni 3d band, and virtual bound state widths. The satellite structure for Au Ni is found to agree with the multiplet splitting of the free atom in a 2p⁵3d⁹ configuration.     

Study of high energetic electrons emitted during heavy ion collisions

Double differential cross sectionsd ² σ/dΩdE were measured for high energetic electrons emitted in heavy ion collisions. Electrons were detected in the energy range of 60 keV-500 keV for various target projectile combinations 66≦Z _u =Z _t +Z _p ≦145 and projectile velocities between 7 % and 10 % of the speed of light. Clear evidence was found that these electrons stem from the united atom formed during the collision. Slope and height of the spectra are discussed with respect to the momentum distribution of strongly bound states (i.e. theL-shell) at momenta far above the mean value. In addition for the systems S, Ni, Br→Pb electrons were detected in coincidence withK x-rays of Pb. By this method the contribution of theK-shell of the combined system to the total spectrum could be separated. Binding energies of theK-shell were estimated by a slope comparison between the coincident and single spectrum. The resulting values are close to the united atom limit.     

Low-temperature scanning electron microscopy for studying inhomogeneities in thin-film high-T c superconductors

Low-temperature scanning electron microscopy can provide important information on the local superconducting properties of thin-iilm high-T _c superconductors. The principle of this method is outlined, including the spatial resolution limit. The spatial variations observation of the local values of the critical temperature and of the critical current density represent highly important applications of this method. The spatial variations of flux pinning and flux flow can be also studied.     

The moment method in stochastic perturbation of angular correlations

Time-differential perturbed angular correlation attenuation coefficients for isotropic fluctuating interactions are calculated to higher order in 〈Ω ²〉^1/2 Τ _c .     

Photochemical chlorination of alkanoic acids anchored to a polymeric support

The synthesis of 2-(poly-p-styryl)ethyl esters of hexanoic, heptanoic, octanoic, nonanoic and decanoic acids as well as (poly-p-styryl)methyl octanoate and poly-2-(nitro-p-styryl)ethyl octanoate are described and their photochlorination are studied and compared with the monomeric (conventional) photochlorination of the methyl, benzyl and 2-phenylethyl esters of these acids. Hypotheses are advanced to explain the results on monochlorination products.     

An elemental analyser system controller for data-processing of automatic C-H-N analysers

Summary An Elemental Analyser System Controller has been developed for automated data-processing of automatic C-H-N analysers. The elemental analyser system controller allows users, already in possession of a digital voltmeter or integrator, electronic microbalance, calculator and C-H-N analyser, to combine their various pieces of equipment into an automated system. After starting the C-H-N analyser, this system processes all data and calculates the blanks, calibration factors and percentages, successively. The operational modes of the principal parts of the element analyser system controller are described.

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Zusammenfassung Ein Kontrollgerät für Elementaranalysatoranlagen für automatisierte Datenverarbeitung automatischer C-H-N-Analysatoren wurde entwickelt. Bei Vorhandensein eines Digitalvoltmeters oder Integrators, einer elektronischen Mikrowaage, eines Rechengerätes und eines C-H-N-Analysators gibt dieses Kontrollgerät die Möglichkeit, die erwähnten Einzelteile zu einem automatischen System zu kombinieren. Nach Einschalten des C-H-N-Analysators verarbeitet dieses System nacheinander alle Daten, berechnet die Blindwerte, die Eichfaktoren und Prozentgehalte. Die Arbeitsweise der wichtigsten Teile des Kontrollgerätes wurde beschrieben.

     

Analysis of insoluble silicate: Decomposition with molten sodium hydroxide and determination of Zr(IV) with chloranilic acid in medium-strong acid

Summary A rapid, accurate and precise method for the determination of zirconium in silicates is proposed. Insoluble or sparingly soluble samples are decomposed by means of molten sodium hydroxide. Chloranilic acid is employed as reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of Zr(IV). The limit of detection is 1.2×10^–7 M and the relative standard deviation is 0.24%.

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Analyse natürlicher Silicate: Aufschluß mit geschmolzenem Natriumhydroxid und Bestimmung von Zr(IV) mit Chloranilsäure in mittelstark saurer Lösung

Zusammenfassung Eine schnelle, genaue und präzise Methode für die Analyse von Zirkonium in Silicaten wird vorgestellt. Der Aufschluß von Zirkoniumsilicat mit geschmolzenem Alkalihydroxid ist für schwerlösliche Proben besonders geeignet. Die spektralphotometrische Bestimmung von Zirkonium mit Chloranilsäure (2,5-Dichlor-3,6-dihydroxy-1,4-benzochinon) zeigt, daß diese Methode sehr empfindlich und selektiv ist (Nachweisgrenze 1,2 · 10^–7 M, Standardabweichung 0,24%).

     

Effects of hydrogen at high temperature on ZnAl2O4 and Sn−ZnAl2O4

ZnAl₂O₄ and Sn?ZnAl₂O₄ were synthesized by coprecipitation, sol-gel and impregnation methods. These materials were calcined and treated in H₂ at 1073 K. Thermal analysis (DTA and TG), nitrogen physisorption (BET method), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used as characterization techniques. H₂ treatment promoted Al_xZn_y crystallization in the coprecipitated and impregnated samples. When tin was added to zinc aluminate, the tin acted as a protective shell against high-temperature reduction, independently of the preparation technique.