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排序方式: 共有106条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
A comparative study of Artificial Bee Colony algorithm 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm is one of the most recently introduced swarm-based algorithms. ABC simulates the intelligent foraging behaviour of a honeybee swarm. In this work, ABC is used for optimizing a large set of numerical test functions and the results produced by ABC algorithm are compared with the results obtained by genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm, differential evolution algorithm and evolution strategies. Results show that the performance of the ABC is better than or similar to those of other population-based algorithms with the advantage of employing fewer control parameters. 相似文献
62.
The study reported in this article deals with the observed actionsof Turkish pre-service mathematics teachers in dynamic geometryenvironment (DGE) as they were learning Khayyam's method forsolving cubic equations formed as x3 + ax = b. Having learnedthe method, modelled it in DGE and verified the correctnessof the solution, students generated their own methods for solvingdifferent types of cubic equations such as x3 + ax2 = b andx3 + a = bx in the light of Khayyam's method. With the presentedteaching experiment, students realized that Khayyam's mathematicsis different from theirs. We consider that this gave them anopportunity to have an insight about the cultural and socialaspects of mathematics. In addition, the teaching experimentshowed that dynamic geometry software is an excellent tool fordoing mathematics because of their dynamic nature and accurateconstructions. And, it can be easily concluded that the historyof mathematics is useful resource for enriching mathematicslearning environment. 相似文献
63.
G. Akay 《Rheologica Acta》1977,16(6):598-608
Summary The numerical solution of the steady and nonsteady laminar, isothermal flow of the 6-constant Oldroyd fluid in concentric annuli with axially moving boundaries, is given. The steady flow problem involves the solution of a non-linear ordinary differential equation. In the non-steady flow problem, a modified finite difference method, given byTownsend, is used. It is shown that the steady flow solution obtained directly and the solution obtained from the start-up flow problem agree with each other, thus showing the validity of the finite difference method. In various flow situations, start-up flow, flow decay, decay of a disturbance in the pressure, the effect of superimposed oscillations in the pressure gradient and in the axial velocity of the boundaries on the mean state of flow, are illustrated.
With 15 figures 相似文献
Zusammenfassung Es werden numerische Lösungen der stationären und instationären laminaren, isothermen Strömung einer Oldroyd-Flüssigkeit mit sechs Konstanten in konzentrischen Ringspalten mit axial bewegten Wänden angegeben. Das stationäre Strömungsproblem erfordert die Lösung einer nichtlinearen gewöhnlichen Differentialgleichung. Beim instationären Problem wird in Anlehnung anTownsend eine modifizierte Finite-Differenzen-Methode angewandt. Es wird gezeigt, daß die direkt erhaltenen Lösungen des stationären Problems mit den numerisch erhaltenen Lösungen des instationären Problems übereinstimmen, wodurch die Anwendbarkeit dieser Methode nachgewiesen ist. Für verschiedene Strömungssituationen wie Anlauf- und Abklingströmung, Abklingen nach einer Druckströmung sowie der Einwirkung von überlagerten Schwingungen im Druckgradienten und in der Axialbewegung der Wände auf den mittleren Strömungszustand werden die resultierenden Ergebnisse veranschaulicht.
With 15 figures 相似文献
64.
Esra Dilek Nesrin Dogancay Bulent Caglar Onur Sahin Ahmet Tabak 《Journal of Coordination Chemistry》2017,70(16):2833-2852
The mononuclear six metal(II) complexes ([Co(mef)2(3-pic)2(CH3OH)2] (1), [Ni(mef)2(3-pic)2(CH3OH)2] (2), [Cu(mef)2(3-pic)2] (3), [Co(mef)2(4-pic)2] (4), [Ni(mef)2(4-pic)2] (5), and [Cu(mef)2(4-pic)2] (6) with mefenamic acid and picoline ligands were synthesized, characterized, and their carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activities were evaluated. The six complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, and thermal analyses. The crystal structures of 1, 3, and 6 were determined by X-ray crystallography. The complexes have octahedral geometry. In 1, the mefenamato ligand behaved as monodentate whereas in 3 and 6, the mefenamato ligand acted as a bidentate ligand. Complexes 3 and 6 consist of the mefenamate and 4-picoline ligands. In 1, unlike the other complexes, methanol acted as a ligand and was involved in the coordination. Carbonic anhydrase I and II isoenzymes were purified from human erythrocytes. The in vitro effects of mefenamic acid, 3-picoline, 4-picoline, and the six metal(II) complexes on these isoenzymes were evaluated. 相似文献
65.
Directional coupling between the even- and odd-parity modes of two parallel dissimilar linear defect waveguides in a square photonic crystal of cylindrical air holes in dielectric background is numerically demonstrated. Projected band-structure computations through the plane-wave expansion method reveal that high-efficiency coupling can be achieved in a frequency range of approximately 9 % extent around the central frequency. Coupling occurs if one row of spacing is maintained between the waveguides supporting even and odd modes, which are composed of annular air holes with outer radii equal to the photonic crystal’s scatterer radii and inner radii of 0.19 and 0.44 periods, respectively. Extinction ratio for coupling from the even to odd mode at the central frequency is 4.0 dB. Coupling length calculated through finite-difference time-domain simulations is approximately 25 periods at the central frequency, in agreement with the estimation through band diagram. Unidirectional light transmission is also demonstrated through finite-difference time-domain simulations, provided that waveguide and coupling lengths are equal. Forward and reverse transmittances of 71 and 0.3 %, respectively, are achieved at the central operation frequency in a 25-period system. 相似文献
66.
Ren Zhang Gurpreet Singh Alei Dang Lu Dai Michael R. Bockstaller Bulent Akgun Sushil Satija Alamgir Karim 《Macromolecular rapid communications》2013,34(20):1642-1647
Sharp dynamic thermal gradient (∇T ≈ 45 °C mm−1) field‐driven assembly of cylinder‐forming block copolymer (c‐BCP) films filled with PS‐coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs; dNP ≈ 3.6 nm, φNP ≈ 0–0.1) is studied. The influence of increasing AuNP loading fraction on dispersion and assembly of AuNPs within c‐BCP (PS‐PMMA) films is investigated via both static and dynamic thermal gradient fields. With φNP increasing, a sharp transition from vertical to random in‐plane horizontal cylinder orientation is observed due to enrichment of AuNPs at the substrate side and favorable interaction of PMMA chains with gold cores. Furthermore, a detachable capping elastomer layer can self‐align these random oriented PMMA microdomains into unidirectional hybrid AuNP/c‐BCP nanolines, quantified with an alignment order parameter, S.
67.
Bulent Ozbas Shigeyuki Toki Benjamin S. Hsiao Benjamin Chu Richard A. Register Ilhan A. Aksay Robert K. Prud'homme Douglas H. Adamson 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2012,50(10):718-723
The effects of functionalized graphene sheets (FGSs) on the mechanical properties and strain‐induced crystallization of natural rubber (NR) are investigated. FGSs are predominantly single sheets of graphene with a lateral size of several hundreds of nanometers and a thickness of 1.5 nm. The effect of FGS and that of carbon black (CB) on the strain‐induced crystallization of NR is compared by coupled tensile tests and X‐ray diffraction experiments. Synchrotron X‐ray scattering enables simultaneous measurements of stress and crystallization of NR in real time during sample stretching. The onset of crystallization occurs at significantly lower strains for FGS‐filled NR samples compared with CB‐filled NR, even at low loadings. Neat‐NR exhibits strain‐induced crystallization around a strain of 2.25, while incorporation of 1 and 4 wt % FGS shifts the crystallization to strains of 1.25 and 0.75, respectively. In contrast, loadings of 16 wt % CB do not significantly shift the critical strain for crystallization. Two‐dimensional (2D) wide angle X‐ray scattering patterns show minor polymer chain alignment during stretching, in accord with previous results for NR. Small angle X‐ray scattering shows that FGS is aligned in the stretching direction, whereas CB does not show alignment or anisotropy. The mechanical properties of filled NR samples are investigated using cyclic tensile and dynamic mechanical measurements above and below the glass transition of NR. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012 相似文献
68.
69.
Bulent Ozbas Christopher D. O'Neill Richard A. Register Ilhan A. Aksay Robert K. Prud'homme Douglas H. Adamson 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2012,50(13):910-916
We demonstrate the use of functionalized graphene sheets (FGSs) as multifunctional nanofillers to improve mechanical properties, lower gas permeability, and impart electrical conductivity for several distinct elastomers. FGS consists mainly of single sheets of crumbled graphene containing oxygen functional groups and is produced by the thermal exfoliation of oxidized graphite (GO). The present investigation includes composites of FGS and three elastomers: natural rubber (NR), styrene–butadiene rubber, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). All of these elastomers show similar and significant improvements in mechanical properties with FGS, indicating that the mechanism of property improvement is inherent to the FGS and not simply a function of chemical crosslinking. The decrease in gas permeability is attributed to the high aspect ratio of the FGS sheets. This creates a tortuous path mechanism of gas diffusion; fitting the permeability data to the Nielsen model yields an aspect ratio of ~1000 for the FGS. Electrical conductivity is demonstrated at FGS loadings as low as 0.08% in PDMS and reaches 0.3 S/m at 4 wt % loading in NR. This combination of functionalities imparted by FGS is shown to result from its high aspect ratio and carbon‐based structure. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012 相似文献
70.
A new tetradentate diimine–dioxime ligand containing a donor set of N4, and its homo-, heterodinuclear and homotrinuclear copper(II) complexes were prepared and characterized on the basis of their elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectra, molar conductivity and magnetic moment measurements. The extraction ability of N,N′′-bis[1-biphenyl-2-hydroxyimino-1-ethylidene]-diethylenetriamine was also evaluated in chloroform by using several transition metal picrates such as Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II). It has been seen that the ligand shows strong binding ability toward the copper(II) ion. Moreover, the catalytic activities of the complexes for the disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide were investigated in the presence of imidazole. The synthesized complexes display efficiency in the disproportion reactions of hydrogen peroxide, producing water and dioxygen in catalase-like activity. The interaction between these complexes and DNA has also been investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis. We found that the homo- and heterodinuclear copper complexes can cleave supercoiled pBR322 DNA to nicked and linear forms. The dinuclear complexes including phenanthroline (2–4), with H2O2 as a co-oxidant, exhibited the strongest cleaving activity. 相似文献