Magnetic beads as interfacial nanoprobes

We use paramagnetic beads to probe strongly localized magnetic fields from one-dimensional nanomagnets. Using a polarization microscope in reflection mode, we find that light reflected from beads exhibits intensity fluctuations which may help us understand Brownian motion near interfaces. We estimate the height fluctuations and femtonewton forces acting on the beads.     

Synthesen von Heterocyclen, 124. Mitt.: Über Reaktionen des Isatosäureanhydrids mit Thioamiden und Amiden

Zusammenfassung Beim Verschmelzen von Isatosäureanhydrid (1) mit Thioamiden bilden sich 2-substit.-4(3H)-Chinazolinone (3a-h).

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Syntheses of heterocycles, CXXIV.: Reaction of isatoic anhydride with thioamides and amides

The reaction of isatoic anhydride with thioamides yields 2-substituted 4(3H)-quinazolinones (3a-h).

     

Synthesen von Heterocyclen, 146. Mitt.: Zur Synthese polymerer Indigofarbstoffe mit potentiellen Halbleitereigenschaften

Zusammenfassung Die Darstellung von polymeren Indigofarbstoffen (PI) nach dem Verfahren vonZiegler undKappe ^{2, 3} wird beschrieben. Ausgehend von Benzidin (1 a) und Tolidin (1 b) erhält man so diePI 6 a bzw.6 b. In analoger Weise wird aus Tetrahydrochinoxalin (7), der N,N-überbrücktePI 12 gewonnen.

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Syntheses of heterocycles, CXLVI: The synthesis of polymeric indigos with potential semiconductor properties

The synthesis of polymeric indigos (PI) according to the procedure ofZiegler andKappe ^{2, 3} is described. Starting with benzidine (1 a) or tolidine (1 b) thePI 6 a and6 b, resp., are obtained. In a similar way the N,N-bridgedPI 12 is synthesized from tetrahydroquinoxaline (7).

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Aus den Dissertationen vonH. G. Foraita undL. F. Werner, Universität Graz, Januar bzw. Juni 1963.     

Crystal structure of the ceramic superconductor BaPb0.75Bi0.25O3

The ceramic superconductor BaPb_0.75Bi_0.25O₃ is monoclinic atT<430 K with space groupI2/m. Lattice constants and the atomic coordinates result from 20 reflection groups (12<2<120°, =1.1267 Å) collected with a high resolution powder diffractometer using a synchrotron radiation source and a full neutron powder pattern (6<2<140, =1.909 Å). Synchrotron and neutron data were simtultaneously refined with SIMREF, a new profile refinement program, based on the Rietveld method. Group theoretical analysis of the distortion field leading from the ideal perovskite structure toI2/m exhibitsR ₄ ⁺ symmetry. A comparison is made with the corresponding distortions in nonsuperconducting BaBiO₃ where three different symmetry types are identified. The space groupI2/m found for BaPb_0.75Bi_0.25O₃ allows only one type of averaged (Pb/Bi)O₆ octahedron in the structure: this may support valence fluctuations and hence contribute to the mechanism of superconductivity in this particular compound.     

Observed difference between the probabilities of recoilless resonance absorptionf′ and reemissionf″ of gamma-quanta in single crystals of Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]·2 H2O

The recoilless absorption probability factor,f, and recoilless reemission,f, both measured on Na₂[Fe(CN)₅NO]·2 H₂O single crystals using the black filter technique, were found to be different. Unexpectedly, the results found weref>f. In the calculation off, selfabsorption in the scatterer, non-ideality of the black filter and the influence of non-resonant scattering processes have all been taken into account. By varying the scattering geometry for the incoming and outgoing -beam relative to the crystallographic axes only a change in the reemitted valuesf _a, f_b, f_c could be detected because of the long lifetime of the excited nucleus (10^–7 s) relative to the lattice vibration frequencies (10¹² Hz).     

Über die lokale Zetafunktion von Shimuravarietäten. Monodromiefiltration und verschwindende Zyklen in ungleicher Charakteristik

Ohne Zusammenfassung

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On the local zeta function of Shimura varieties. Monodromy filtration and vanishing cycles in unequal characteristic

     

The luminescence of Pr3+ in BaY4Si5O17

The cell constants of four new monoclinic compounds BaR₄X₅O₁₇ (R = Y, Gd; X = Si, Ge) are given. The luminescence of various RE activators in the silicates is reported. Pr³⁺-activated BaY₄Si₅O₁₇ shows efficient ultraviolet 5d → 4f emission and weak 4f → 4f emission (mainly red luminescence from the ¹D₂ level). The 5d → 4f emission is ascribed to Pr³⁺ on Y sites, the 4f → 4f emission to Pr³⁺ on Ba sites. Energy transfer from Pr³⁺ to Gd³⁺ has been observed. Gd³⁺ plays an intermediate role in the energy transfer from Pr³⁺ to Sm³⁺ and to Dy³⁺ in BaGd₄Si₅O₁₇. Upon activation with Tb³⁺ the silicates show characteristic green Tb³⁺ luminescence with a quantum efficiency of 75% for ultraviolet excitation.     

Matrix isolation infrared spectra of the complexes between methylacetate and water or hydrochloric acid

The hydrogen-bonded complexes between methylacetate (MeAc) and water or hydrochloric acid have been studied by infrared spectrometry in a low temperature Argon matrix. The ν_CO, ν_CC and ν_CC ional modes of MeAc show a splitting to the low and to the high frequency side of the free molecule. This suggests that water and HCl interact with the keto and ether oxygens. This conclusions is supported by the appearance of two main absorptions in the ν_HCl region. These results are discussed as a function of the gas-phase basicity of the two oxygen atoms, derived from the O(1s) core electron binding energies and from the ionization potentials.     

Ultrafast fragmentation and ionisation dynamics of ammonia clusters

The formation of protonated and unprotonated ammonia cluster ions is studied by femtosecond two colour two photon pump-probe techniques applied to (NH₃) _n and (ND₃) _n clusters withn up to 8. The fourth harmonic (～ 200 nm, 6.2 eV, 160 fs) of a Ti: Sapphire laser pulse is used to excite the clusters in a state corresponding to theà state of NH₃ while the third harmonic (267 nm, 4.65 eV) is used for the subsequent ionisation step. Employing a combination of the optical Bloch equations for the excitation process and rate equations for the cluster dynamics we calibrate the zero time delay and carefully analyse the time dependence of the pump-probe signal. Several distinct intermediate steps in the time evolution can be distinguished, having characteristic time constants ranging from 40 fs to over 100 ps. They are discussed in a consistent scheme for the excitation, ionisation and protonation dynamics, accounting also for characteristic differences observed between deuterated and undeuterated species. A particularly remarkable time dependence of the homogeneous (NH₃) ₂ ⁺ cluster ion signal is interpreted as a fingerprint of internally protonated neutral precursors of the type NH₃NH₂NH₄.