A film model for free convection over a vertical porous plate with blowing or suction

A film model is described for free convective heat transfer and friction in the presence of wall suction or injection. The analysis yields a thermal correction factor, which appears to be the classical (Ackermann) expression, and a novel friction correction factor, derived here for the first time. Both correction factors are applied to free convection along a vertical flat porous plate for values of the Prandtl number of 0.73, 1 and 7. Subsequently, the film theory predictions are compared with the numerical and asymptotic results of a boundary layer analysis, performed by previous investigators. On the basis of this comparison, a modified correction factor is proposed which correlates excellently with the results of the boundary layer analyses.

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Ein Filmmodell für freie Konvektion an einer senkrechten porösen Platte mit Ausblasung und Absaugung

Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Filmmodell beschrieben, das für freie Konvektion den Wärmeübergang und den Reibungsbeiwert bei Wandaus- oder -einblasung zu bestimmen gestattet. Die Untersuchung liefert einen thermischen Korrekturfaktor, der mit der klassischen Ackermann-Korrektur übereinstimmt und einen neuen, hier erstmalig abgeleiteten Korrekturfaktor für den Reibungsbeiwert. Beide Korrekturfaktoren werden zur Ermittlung der freien Konvektionsströmung entlang einer senkrechten, ebenen, porösen Platte herangezogen (für Prandtl-Zahlen: 0,73-1-7). Anschließend erfolgt ein Vergleich der Voraussagen nach der Filmtheorie mit den numerisch aus einer asymptotischen Grenzschichtanalyse erhaltenen Ergebnissen früherer Autoren. Aus diesem Vergleich resultiert ein modifizierter Korrekturfaktor für den Reibungsbeiwert, der eine ausgezeichnete Korrelation mit den Ergebnissen nach der Grenzschichttheorie liefert.

     

A network modelling approach for assessing the efficiency of prevention strategies

Survey data and a simulation model based on a stochastic pair formation process are used to construct networks of sexual contacts. We model heterosexual partnerships which can be steady or casual depending on their average duration. Transmission of an infectious disease can take place in pairs of a susceptible and an infected individual. We study networks of sexual contacts accumulated during 1 year for different types of mixing patterns. The networks are constructed on the basis of data from a survey in The Netherlands. We analyze the network structure for different mixing patterns and investigate the relationship between network structure and disease spread; furthermore we study the effect of prevention measures on the structure of the network.     

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric analysis of the total amount of platinum in DNA extracts from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and tissue from patients treated with cisplatin

We present a highly sensitive method for the determination of platinum (Pt) in DNA extracts of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and tissue samples from patients treated with cisplatin. The method is based on the measurement of Pt by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and allows quantification of Pt-DNA adducts in PBMCs isolated from 10 mL blood and 1 mg tissue. The lower limit of quantification is 0.75 pg Pt or 7.5 fg Pt μg⁻¹ DNA when using 100 μg DNA. The method proved to be accurate and precise. The results obtained using the ICP-MS method were in good agreement with results from the alternative ³²P-postlabelling assay. The ICP-MS method was, however, more sensitive and proved to be less laborious. The advantages of the presented ICP-MS technique were demonstrated by the analysis of PBMCs, normal gastric tissue, and gastric tumour tissue of patients treated with cisplatin.