PAST AND FUTURE MANAGEMENT OF A COLLAPSED FISHERY: THE BAY OF BISCAY ANCHOVY

Abstract We analyze the efficiency of the international management of the Bay of Biscay anchovy. While a sharing agreement between France and Spain has been in place since 1992, the fish stock collapsed in 2005 and the fishery closed from 2005 to spring 2010. We consider differences in production technologies between both countries and calibrate our model using data from 1987 to 2009. Our results suggest two sources of rent dissipation under the existing sharing agreement: inefficient quota allocation and production inefficiencies due to inflexible national regulations. We discuss several alternatives to improve management.     

Molecular structure of (tBu)3Al[O=C(OPh)2]

The molecular structure of (^tBu)₃Al[O=C(OPh)₂] has been determined. The increase in the C=O bond distance [1.258(4) Å] when compared to free O=C(OPh)₂ [1.191(3) Å], is presented in respect to the activating ability of aluminum Lewis acids. Crystal data: monoclinic, P2₁/n, a = 10.653(2), b = 18.486(4), c = 14.551(3) Å, = 108.07(3)°, and V = 2724.3(9) ų for Z = 4.     

ConFlo III - an interface for high precision delta(13)C and delta(15)N analysis with an extended dynamic range

A newly developed interface coupling a CHN combustion device (elemental analyser 'EA') to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer is described and evaluated. The purpose of the device is to extend the dynamic range of delta(13)C and delta(15)N analysis from less than 2 orders of magnitude to more than 3 orders of magnitude. Carbon isotope ratio measurements of atropine as a model compound have been performed analysing between 1 μg to 5 mg C with acceptable to excellent precision (0.6 to 0.06 per thousand, delta-notation). The correction due to the blank signal is critical for sample amounts smaller than 4 μg C. The maximum sample weight is determined by the combustion capacity of the EA. Larger sample amounts are measured using dilution of a small part of the EA effluent with helium. The dilution mechanism works virtually free of isotope fractionation. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Comparison of Corona-Treated and Flame-Treated Polypropylene Films

The comparison of corona-treated and flame-treated polypropylene (PP) films provides insight into the mechanism of these surface-oxidation processes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), contact-angle measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS or ESCA) were used to characterize surface-treated biaxially oriented PP. While both processes oxidize the PP surface, corona treatment leads to the formation of water-soluble low-molecular-weight oxidized materials (LMWOM), while flame treatment does not. Computational modeling of the gas-phase chemistry in an air corona was performed using a zero-dimensional plasma-chemistry model. The modeling results indicate that the ratio of O to OH is much higher in a corona discharge than in a flame. Chain scission and the formation of LMWOM are associated with reactions involving O atoms. The higher ratios of O to OH in a corona are more conducive to LMWOM production. Surface-oxidized PP exhibits considerable thermodynamic contact-angle hysteresis that is primarily caused by microscopic chemical heterogeneity.     

奇摄动非线性系统的角层和冲击层现象

研究一类具有转向点的二阶非线性系统的角层和冲击层现象,在适当的假设条件下,利用微分不等式方法证明了解的存在性,并得到了解的按分量的一致有效的渐近估计.     

掺铁InP肖特基势垒增强InGaAs MSM光电探测器

采用ＬＰ－ＭＯＶＰＥ方法及常规器件工艺制成了ＩｎＰ：Ｆｅ肖特基势垒增强ＩｎＧａＡｓＭＳＭ光电探测器。用自建测试系统对其直流和瞬态特性进行了测试，测试结果表明，器件的击穿电压大于１０Ｖ，２Ｖ偏压下暗电流为１７０ｎＡ，对应的暗电流密度约为３ｍＡ／ｃｍ２；瞬态响应中上升时间ｔｒ为２１ｐｓ，半高宽ＦＷＨＭ为７５ｐｓ。