Self-bonding in an amorphous polymer below the glass transition: A T-peel test investigation

Films of amorphous polystyrene (PS) with a weight-average molecular weight (M_w) of 225 × 10³ g/mol were bonded in a T-peel test geometry, and the fracture energy (G) of a PS/PS interface was measured at the ambient temperature as a function of the healing time (t_h) and healing temperature (T_h). G was found to develop with (t_h)^1/2 at T_h = T_g-bulk − 33 °C (where T_g-bulk is the glass-transition temperature of the bulk sample), and log G was found to develop with 1/T_h at T_g-bulk − 43 °C ≤ T_h ≤ T_g-bulk − 23 °C. The smallest measured value of G = 1.4 J/m² was at least one order of magnitude larger than the work of adhesion required to reversibly separate the PS surfaces. These three observations indicated that the development of G at the PS/PS interface in the temperature range investigated (<T_g-bulk) was controlled by the diffusion of chain segments feasible above the glass-transition temperature of the interfacial layer, in agreement with our previous findings for fracture stress development at several polymer/polymer interfaces well below T_g-bulk. Close values of G = 8–9 J/m² were measured for the symmetric interfaces of polydisperse PS [M_w = 225 × 10³, weight-average molecular weight/number-average molecular weight (M_w/M_n) = 3] and monodisperse PS (M_w = 200 × 10³, M_w/M_n = 1.04) after healing at T_h = T_g-bulk − 33 °C for 24 h. This implies that the self-bonding of high-molecular-weight PS at such relatively low temperatures is not governed by polydispersity. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 1861–1867, 2004     

Alkaloids of far-eastern species ofThalictrum. IV

Summary The alkaloid composition of four far-eastern species ofThalictrum — Th. amurense, Th. contortum, Th. filamentosum, andTh. minus — have been studied, for the first time in the case of the first three species.Th. amurense contains -allocryptopine and thalictrisine, andTh. contortum contains -allocryptopine. Glaucine and thalicsimidine have been found inTh. filamentosum, and argemonine has been isolated fromTh. minus for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 788–791, November–December, 1976.     

On an integral equation of the problem for an elastic strip with a slit

A new singular integral equation is obtained that describes the elastic equilibrium of a strip with both an inner and an edge slit (crack) and has a considerable advantage over existing equations /1–9/, etc.) from the viewpoint of a numerical realization and clarification of the analytical relationship with an analogous equation for a half-plane. Numerical results are given of a computation of the stress intensity coefficients at the tips of the inner and edge cracks that refine data in the literature.     

Variations in the Characteristics of a HF Signal over an Oblique Sounding Path during the Solar Eclipse on August 11, 1999

We present the results of measurements of the HF-signal characteristics over the path Praha - Nizhny Novgorod during the solar eclipse on August 11, 1999. A 10-dB increase in the HF-signal amplitude and an increase in the frequency of quasiperiodic fading were observed during daytime in the course of the eclipse with phase about 68-85%. An interpretation of the effects observed is given. On the basis of simulations, we show that the increase in the amplitude is related to a decrease in absorption losses which is caused by the corresponding decrease in the electron density in D- and E-layers by about 30-45%. The increase in the fading frequency results from beating of the modes that have different Doppler shifts due to phase-path variations during the eclipse. An estimate for the rate of electron-density variation during the eclipse was obtained: dN/dt (2-2.5) ·10² cm^-3s^-1.     

Transfer measurements for the Ti+Ni systems at near barrier energies

Large enhancements have been observed in the sub-barrier fusion cross sections for Ti+Ni systems in our previous studies. Coupled channel calculations incorporating couplings to 2⁺ and 3⁻ states failed to explain these enhancements completely. A possibilty of transfer channels contributing to the residual enhancements had been suggested. In order to investigate the role of relevant transfer channels, measurements of one- and two-nucleon transfer were carried out for ^46,48Ti+⁶¹Ni systems. The present paper gives the results of these studies.     

Optical Behavior of ZnS:Cu Microcrystals Embedded in Porous Silica Gels

Emission and excitation spectra of ZnS:Cu microcrystals trapped in porous silica xerogels are presented. This system is characterized by intense, long-lived green emission at room temperature. It was observed that this emission was greatly reduced after compressing the xerogel samples.     

Mid-IR Range Quantum-Cascade Lasers in Compact Optoacoustic Gas Analyzers

Journal of Applied Spectroscopy - The generation regimes of quantum-cascade lasers for optoacoustic sensors of methane and ammonia are examined, and the tuning and output characteristics of these...     

Plane logarithmic spiral with peripheral excitation

Conclusion In a planar logarithmic spiral excited at its periphery there simultaneously exist surface, quasieffluent, and radiated waves; the phase velocities of surface and quasieffluent waves are identical and depend on the reduced radius k, which defines the regions of normal and anomalous dispersion; in the region kn the surface wave transforms to a radiated one by means of the quasieffluent; the directional pattern differs little from that for central excitation, with ellipticity coefficient of a spiral open at the center varying from 0.7 to 0.9 over a 1:2 frequency range; the input impedance depends weakly on the presence of reflection at the center of the spiral, is of an oscillating character, and changes more intensely than for central excitation.Khar'kov State University. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 78–84, January, 1990.     

Experimental study of the elements of acoustic screens made of rubber with cylindrical voids

Acoustical Physics - For samples of screens made in the form of a steel layer with an overlying stack of rubber layers with cylindrical voids, the reflection and transmission coefficients are...