扫描近场光学显微镜光纤锥中导波反射特性

利用局部模耦合模型理论上分析了扫描近场光学显微镜光纤的光场性质,给出光纤维中存在的正,反向传播的基模场微分方程,以及基模反向耦合系数的数值计算结果,其最高反射系数达１％左右。这种反射光可起着光纤维激光器谐振腔输出端镜的作用。     

有机改性SiO2无支撑膜的溶胶凝胶法制备

采用溶胶凝胶法,以二甲基二乙氧基硅烷／正硅酸乙酯的复合醇盐为前驱体,制备了一种厚度达到３０μｍ￣５００μｍ的大尺寸无载体膜,膜体显示了良好的可弯曲性和成膜性能,原子力显微镜表征得到的表面平均粗糙度为０．３ｎｍ,色质连用谱的分析表明在醇盐水解聚合过程中形成了大量［（ＣＨ３）２Ｓｉ－Ｏ］,环状分子,填充凝胶孔隙,降低毛细管应力,增加结构柔韧性。     

换热器表面结霜状态下翅片效率公式的理论分析及改进

１引言制冷设备中换热器是重要的部件,在进行换热器设计或对实际系统中换热性能进行计算时,采用的翅片效率的准确与否将会关系到整个系统的工作状况。对于换热器表面处于干或湿工况时,文献中的翅片效率公式形式较统一,但对结霜情况下的研究相对没有一致的结论［１］。Ｓａｎｄｅｒｓ［１］、Ｂａｒｒｏｗ［２］和Ｋｏｎｄｅｐｕｄｉ［３］都曾提及霜工况下换热器翅片效率公式,此外还有包含析湿系数的翅片效率形式。由于所采用的结霜翅片效率表达式不同,最终得到的翅片效率及翅片温度分布也难免存在差别。因而,从众多公式中选择相对准…     

1-羟基-5-十二烷氧基-萘LB膜结构和取向的光谱研究

用红外透射,反射光谱及紫外可见吸收光谱方法研究了１－羟基－５－十二烷基－萘ＬＢ膜及溶液状态下的结构,分子取向。研究结果表明分子在溶液中主要是以单体形式存在;在ＬＢ膜中是以聚集体形式存在。     

Photochemistry of dibenzo-1,4-dioxins: intramolecular rearrangement-reduction through observable 2,2′-biphenylquinones

The photochemistry of dibenzo-1,4-dioxin (7) and 2,3,7,8-tetramethyldibenzo-1,4-dioxin (15) — both of which have the parent ring system of the well-known enrimental contaminant dioxin— has been studied in aqueous solution and in selected organic solvents. It is shown that a novel intramolecular photorearrangement is the major mode of reaction for 7 and the exclusive reaction for 15, giving rise to observable (by UV—Vis spectrophotometry) intermediate 2,2′-biphenylquinones. Subsequent reduction by the organic co-solvent gives rise to 2,2′-biphenols as major or exclusive product. Thus, photolysis of these compounds generates oxidizing agents in the biphenylquinones. Photolysis in the presence of added N_aBH₄ resulted is greatly enhanced yields of biphenols along with more than 90% material balance. These findings have relevance to dioxin photodecomposition, which can be used as a method for its destruction.     

Atomic-Scale Insight into Exsolution of CoFe Alloy Nanoparticles in La0.4Sr0.6Co0.2Fe0.7Mo0.1O3−δ with Efficient CO2 Electrolysis

In situ exsolution of metal nanoparticles in perovskite under reducing atmosphere is employed to generate a highly active metal–oxide interface for CO₂ electrolysis in a solid oxide electrolysis cell. Atomic-scale insight is provided into the exsolution of CoFe alloy nanoparticles in La_0.4Sr_0.6Co_0.2Fe_0.7Mo_0.1O_3−δ (LSCFM) by in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and DFT calculations. The doped Mo atoms occupy B sites of LSCFM, which increases the segregation energy of Co and Fe ions at B sites and improves the structural stability of LSCFM under a reducing atmosphere. In situ STEM measurements visualized sequential exsolution of Co and Fe ions, formation of CoFe alloy nanoparticles, and reversible exsolution and dissolution of CoFe alloy nanoparticles in LSCFM. The metal–oxide interface improves CO₂ adsorption and activation, showing a higher CO₂ electrolysis performance than the LSCFM counterparts.     

DMSO-Enabled Selective Radical O−H Activation of 1,3(4)-Diols

Control of selectivity is one of the central topics in organic chemistry. Although unprecedented alkoxyl-radical-induced transformations have drawn a lot of attention, compared to selective C−H activation, selective radical O−H activation remains less explored. Herein, we report a novel selective radical O−H activation strategy of diols by combining spatial effects with proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET). It was found that DMSO is an essential reagent that enables the regioselective transformation of diols. Mechanistic studies indicated the existence of the alkoxyl radical and the selective interaction between DMSO and hydroxyl groups. Moreover, the distal C−C cleavage was realized by this selective alkoxyl-radical-initiation protocol.     

Engineering the Charge-Transfer State to Facilitate Spin–Orbit Charge Transfer Intersystem Crossing in Spirobis[anthracene]diones

Spiro conjugation has been proposed to dictate the efficiency of charge transfer, which could directly affect the spin–orbit charge transfer intersystem crossing (SOCT-ISC) process. However, this process has yet to be exemplified. Herein, we prepared three spirobis[anthracene]diones, in which two benzophenone moieties are locked in close proximity and differentially functionalized to fine-tune the charge transfer state. Its feasibility for SOCT-ISC was theoretically predicted, then experimentally evaluated. Through fine-tuning the spiro conjugation coupling and varying the solvent dielectric constants, ISC rate constants were engineered to vary in a dynamic range of three orders of magnitude, from 7.8×10⁸ s⁻¹ to 1.0×10¹¹ s⁻¹, which is the highest ISC rate reported for SOCT-ISC system to our knowledge. Our findings substantiate the key factors for effective SOCT-ISC and offer a new avenue for the rational design of heavy atom free triplet sensitizers.