Optimal tactics for close support operations: Part IV,perfect intelligence and communications

A new generation ofC ³ (command, control, and communication) models for military cybernetics is developed. Recursive equations for the solution of theC ³ problem are derived for an amphibious campaign with linear, time-varying dynamics. Air and ground commanders are assumed to have perfect intelligence and perfect communications. Numerical results are given for the optimal decision rules.     

Computer Literacy: An Evolving Concept

The term “computer literacy” became very popular in the 1980s as a catch phrase describing a new type of understanding. Prior to the phrase's popularity, “literacy” was reserved for the knowledge of basic skills in reading and writing and familiarity with the classical works and great books of ancient and modern cultures. To be literate means to be educated regarding the fundamental or basic ideas, beliefs and methods of communication in society. By applying the term “literacy” to the knowledge of computers, society is signifying that this sort of knowledge is as important to a person's education in contemporary society as knowledge of reading and writing has been in the past (Ringle, 1981). While many people seem to agree that the proliferation of computers and their application in extensive areas of human endeavor require us to take the notion of literacy seriously, there is still no consensus as to how this educational goal should be achieved. The difficulty stems from the fact that there is no universally accepted definition of computer literacy. Until educators are clear about the goal, effective ways to attain the objective of computer literacy will be clouded by confusion. The purpose of this research is to examine the historical evolution of the phrase “computer literacy,” to develop a chronological continuum of computer literacy, and to identify several competencies that will likely characterize the computer literate teacher in the 1990s.     

Nonideal Plasma Generation by Mechanical Compression

Nonideal plasmas have been generated by mechanical compression with a so-called ballistic compressor. The Debye numbers reached were 0.4 in argon and 0.2 in xenon. The experimentally determined pressure, specific volume, and temperature are compared with calculations of the compression using different models of the charged particle interaction. This comparison shows that heat losses may take an essential part in the interpretation of the experimental results.     

Collisional radiative model of helium including response to resonant radiation

A collisional-radiative model of helium has been developed that incorporates the effect of optical pumping with light that is resonant with an atomic transition. A steady-state solution of the collisional- radiative model with no pumping is used as an initial condition. The pumping radiation is switched on, and the population densities of the atomic levels are calculated as a function of time. Results are given for a wide range of plasma parameters and various pumping conditions.     

The dipole moment derivatives and charge flux parameters from vibrational absorption intensities of ethylene oxide

The signs of dipole moment derivatives for ethylene oxide obtained from ab initio calculations using the 6-31G¹ basis set are presented. From these signs and the experimental vibrational absorption intensity data, the atomic polar tensor elements and bond charge flux parameters were evaluated. These quantities were compared with those in the literature calculations employing approximate signs and force constants.