NEW METHOD TO ESTIMATE SCALING OF POWER-LAW DEGREE DISTRIBUTION AND HIERARCHICAL NETWORKS

A new method and corresponding numerical procedure are introduced to estimate scaling exponents of power-law degree distribution and hierarchical clustering func tion for complex networks. This method can overcome the biased and inaccurate faults of graphical linear fitting methods commonly used in current network research. Furthermore, it is verified to have higher goodness-of-fit than graphical methods by comparing the KS (Kolmogorov-Smirnov) test statistics for 10 CNN (Connecting Nearest-Neighbor)networks.     

CSRm束流径向和轴向振荡的耦合

介绍了由于磁铁的安装误差和螺线管的存在而造成的束流径向和轴向的耦合，以及耦合对束流稳定的影响。结合CSRm结构的典型参数分析得出:二极磁铁和四极磁铁在纵向角安装偏差为-0.5~0.5 mrad；有螺线管存在的情况下，工作点落在和共振线时，将导致束流不稳定而大量损失，落在差共振线时，束流稳定。通过模拟计算发现:螺线管产生的耦合远大于磁铁的纵向角安装偏差产生的耦合。     

Ductile–brittle‐transition phenomenon in polypropylene/ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber blends obtained by dynamic packing injection molding: A new understanding of the rubber‐toughening mechanism

For a more complete understanding of the toughening mechanism of polypropylene (PP)/ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber (EPDM) blends, dynamic packing injection molding was used to control the phase morphology and rubber particle orientation in the matrix. The relative impact strength of the blends increased at low EPDM contents, and then a definite ductile–brittle (D–B) transition was observed when the EPDM content reached 25 wt %, at which point blends should fail in the ductile mode with conventional molding. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the shear‐induced crystal structure, morphology, orientation, and phase separation of the blends. WAXD results showed that the observed D–B transition took place mainly for a constant crystal structure (α form). Also, no remarkable changes in the crystallinity and melting point of PP were observed by DSC. The highly oriented and elongated rubber particles were seen via SEM at high EPDM contents. Our results suggest that Wu's criterion is no longer valid when dispersed rubber particles are elongated and oriented. The possible fracture mechanism is discussed on the basis of the stress concentration in a filler‐dispersed matrix. It can be concluded that not only the interparticle distance but also the stress fields around individual particles play an important role in polymer toughening. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 2086–2097, 2002     

中心波长为28.5nm多层膜镜反射率测量

在“星光-Ⅱ”装置上以类Ne铬x射线激光作为标定源，以平场光栅谱仪为分光元件进行了285nm的Mo/Si多层膜反射镜效率测量.介绍了实验方法，给出了实验结果，本次研制的两块多层膜镜反射率分别为31%和9.6%. 关键词： x射线多层膜反射镜 反射率测量 x射线激光     

A New Isopropenyl Benzofuran-type Tetramer from Ligularia stenocephala

A new isopropenyl benzofuran-type tetramer was isolated from the roots of ligularia stenocephala and its structure was established by spectroscopic methods.     

catena‐Poly[[{4‐bromo‐2‐[2‐(dimethyl­amino)ethyl­imino­methyl]­phenol­ato}­copper(II)]‐μ‐azido]

The title complex, [Cu(C₁₁H₁₄BrN₂O)(N₃)]_n, is an inter­esting azide‐bridged polynuclear copper(II) compound. The Cu^II atom is five‐coordinated in a square‐pyramidal configuration, with one O and two N atoms of one Schiff base and one terminal N atom of a bridging azide ligand defining the basal plane, and another terminal N atom of another bridging azide ligand occupying the axial position. The {4‐bromo‐2‐[2‐(dimethyl­amino)ethyl­imino­meth­yl]phenolato}copper(II) moieties are linked by the bridging azide ligands, forming polymeric chains running along the b axis. Adjacent chains are further linked by weak Br⋯Br inter­actions into a sheet.     

Boundary Harnack Principle for <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-harmonic Functions in Smooth Euclidean Domains

We establish a scale-invariant version of the boundary Harnack principle for p-harmonic functions in Euclidean C ^1,1-domains and obtain estimates for the decay rates of positive p-harmonic functions vanishing on a segment of the boundary in terms of the distance to the boundary. We use these estimates to study the behavior of conformal Martin kernel functions and positive p-superharmonic functions near the boundary of the domain. H. A. was partially supported by Grant-in-Aid for (B) (2) (No. 15340046) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. N. S. was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-0355027. X. Z. was partially supported by the Taft foundation.     

Quantum Black Hole

Creation of a black hole in quantum cosmology is the third way of black hole formation. In contrast to the gravitational collapse from a massive body in astrophysics or from the quantum fluctuation of matter fields in the very early universe, in the quantum cosmology scenario the black hole is essentially created from nothing. The black hole originates from a constrained gravitational instanton. The probability of creation for all kinds of single black holes in the Kerr-Newman family, at the semiclassical level, is the exponential of the total entropy of the universe, or one quarter of the sum of both the black hole and the cosmological horizon areas. The de Sitter spacetime is the most probable evolution at the Planckian era.