Determination of asperosaponin VI in rat plasma by HPLC‐ESI‐MS and its application to preliminary pharmacokinetic studies

Asperosaponin VI (also named akebia saponin D) is a typical bioactive triterpenoid saponin isolated from the rhizome of Dipsacus asper Wall (Dipsacaceae). In this work, a sensitive high‐performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (HPLC‐ESI‐MS) assay has been established for determination of asperosaponin VI in rat plasma. With losartan as the internal standard (IS), plasma samples were prepared by protein precipitation with methanol. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C₁₈ column with a mobile phase of 10 mm ammonium acetate buffer containing 0.05% formic acid–methanol (32 : 68, v/v). The analysis was performed on an ESI in the selected ion monitoring mode using target ions at m/z 951.4 for asperosaponin VI and m/z 423.2 for the IS. The calibration curve was linear over the range 3–1000 ng/mL and the lower limit of quantification was 3.0 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐assay variability values were less than 9.5 and 7.8%, respectively. The accuracies determined at the concentrations of 3.0, 100.0, 300.0 and 1000 ng/mL for asperosaponin VI were within ±15.0%. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rats after oral administration of asperosaponin VI. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Supramolecular organogels formed by monochain derivatives of succinic acid

The monoalkyl chain derivatives of succinic acid self-assemble into ordered bilayer aggregates by forming dimers of hydrogen bonded carboxylic acid in a number of organic solvents and finally gelatinize the solvents. The gelation ability of each derivative was inspected. The morphologies of xerogels were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The microstructure of aggregates was studied by small angle X-ray diffraction (SA-XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results reveal that the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between neighboring molecules are critical factor in the process of organogelation.     

Metabonomics studies of intact hepatic and renal cortical tissues from diabetic db/db mice using high-resolution magic-angle spinning 1H NMR spectroscopy

A metabonomics approach based on high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HRMAS) ¹H NMR spectroscopy was applied to investigate the metabolite composition in intact hepatic tissues and renal cortical tissues from db/db mice of 8 weeks old, an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Compared to the control group, the hepatic tissues of diabetic mice have elevated levels of triglyceride and bile acid and declined levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide, phosphocholine, glycerophosphocholine, and choline. The biochemical changes are less obvious in renal cortical tissues of diabetic mice. The WET_CPMG pulse sequence was selected for our metabonomics study after the quality and reproducibility of the spectra obtained from the NOEPR, NOEPR_CPMG, and WET_CPMG pulse sequences were analyzed together with principal component analysis. The influence of line-broadening factor of exponential window function for spectral manipulation on class separation was paid attention to for the first time, and an optimal value was obtained under our experimental conditions. These studies show the efficiency of HRMAS ¹H NMR spectroscopy for tissue metabonomics study in combination with multivariate statistical analysis, which may help to explore the etiological factor of diabetes mellitus from a new perspective.

Synthesis of an AIE-active fluorogen and its application in cell imaging

A fluorogen named 1-decyl-1-methyl-2,5-bis{4-[(N,N-diethylamino)methyl]phenyl}-3,4-diphenylsilole (3) was synthesized. It emitted weakly as isolated molecule but strongly as supramolecular aggregate, showing a characteristic behavior of aggregation-induced emission (AIE). The molecules of 3 formed highly emissive nanoparticles in aqueous media, which quickly and selectively marked cytoplasm of HeLa cells and posed no toxicity to the living cells. The fluorogen is thus a promising candidate material for cell imaging as a sensitive, selective and cytocompatible biosensor. Supported by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (Grant Nos. 603008, 601608 and 602707), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20634020) and the CAO GuangBiao Foundation of Zhejiang University.     

Design,synthesis and biological activity of some novel benzimidazole derivatives against Coxsackie virus B_3

A series of novel benzimidazole derivatives was synthesized and their anti-Coxsackie virus B_3(CVB_3) activity was evaluated in VERO cells.Compounds 9 and 10 exhibited better inhibitory activity than those of ribavirin(RBV) with IC_(50) values of 5.30 and 1.06μg/mL,respectively.     

马来酸类可聚合乳化剂的合成及其在细乳液聚合中的应用

采用三步法合成了可聚合乳化剂马来酸单十六醇酯丙基磺酸钠.并用正交实验法优化了马来酸单十六醇酯合成工艺条件,结果表明反应的最佳条件为:催化剂质量分数1%,反应时间3.0h,反应温度90℃,马来酸酐与十六醇的摩尔比1.1:1.苯乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯细乳液聚合使用该乳化剂与传统乳化剂相比,在较低温度下(65℃)具有较高的转化率,且所得乳液具有较好的电解质稳定性,乳胶膜的耐水性也得到提高.     

钴配合物[Co_2(H_2O)_8(C_(10)H_8N_2)_2]·(HO_3PCH_2CH_2SO_3)(SO_4)(H_2O)_4的合成与晶体结构研究

用硫酸钴、4,4'-联吡啶和2-磺酸基乙基膦酸合成了一个新颖的钴化合物:[Co_2(H_2O)_8(C_(10)H_8N_2)_2]·(HO_3PCH_2CH_2SO_3)(SO_4)(H_2O)_4,并对其进行了红外.元素分析、热重测试,通过单晶衍射仪测定了其晶体结构.结果表明,配合物属单斜晶系C2/c空间群,分子式为C_(22)H_(45)Co_2N_4O_(22)PS_2,分子量为930.57,晶胞参数为a=19.8456(18),b=11.2957(10),c=34.719(3)(A),β=106.095(3)°,晶胞体积为7477.9(12)(A)~3,Z=8,Dc=1.653 g/cm~3,F(000)=3856,μ=1.131 mm~(-1),最终残差因子R_1=0.0726,wR_2= 0.1719(相对于5612个I>2σ(I)的可观测衍射点).在这个化合物中,二齿配体4,4'-联吡啶把Co(II)桥连成[Co(4,4'-bipy)]~(2+)链.化合物中的[Co(4,4'-bipy)]~(2+)链有三个不同的朝向.2-磺酸基乙基膦酸没有参与配位而是做为一个有机模板剂填充在[Co(4,4'-bipy)]~(2+)链形成的空隙中.     

醋酸铜热解制备无氯Cu2O/AC催化剂及其催化氧化羰基化

以醋酸铜为前驱物, 采用浸渍法负载后进行热处理使醋酸铜热解, 获得了负载型无氯Cu2O/AC(活性炭)催化剂, 并通过催化甲醇直接气相氧化羰基化合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC). 在氮气和惰性气体气氛下, 一水合醋酸铜Cu(CH3COO)2·H2O在30~450 ℃范围内产生3个失重过程, 其中在150~300 ℃范围内Cu(CH3·COO)2热解生成Cu2O; 而在300~450 ℃范围内生成单质Cu. 在200~350 ℃范围内, 将Cu(CH3COO)2·H2O/AC加热处理4 h后, 催化剂上逐步形成了Cu2O, 到350 ℃时, 水合醋酸铜几乎全部转化为Cu2O, 并有极少量单质Cu形成. 在300~350 ℃热处理4 h后, 催化剂中铜主要以Cu2O形式存在, 并表现出良好的氧化羰基化催化活性. 在n(CO)∶n(MeOH)∶n(O2)=4∶10∶1及SV=5600 h-1条件下, 于300 ℃热处理4 h所制备的催化剂的甲醇转化率达到6.21%, DMC的时空收率为128.16 mg·g-1·h-1, 选择性为64.26%.     

样条变换集成罚函数偏最小二乘方法用于光谱数据重构和定量分析

针对高维小样本光谱数据所显现的函数型数据(Functional data)特性、与性质参数的非线性关系及变量间存有的严重共线性,采用了样条变换集成罚函数偏最小二乘回归新技术.它首先以三次B基样条变换实现非线性光谱数据的线性化重构,随后将重构的新光谱矩阵交由罚函数偏最小二乘法(Penalized PLS)构建其与性质参变量间的校正模型,其中罚函数中的光滑因子由交叉验证优化确定以调控模型的拟合精度.最后,通过小麦样品水分含量的近红外光谱定量分析,结果显示该技术光谱数据重构稳健,去噪明显,并有效解决高维小样本的过拟合和变量间的共线性,而预测集的均方根误差(RMSEP)为0.1808%,方法的非线性校正模型预测能力得到了明显提高.