Air‐Stable Spirofluorene‐Containing Ladder‐Type Bis(alkynyl)borane Compounds with Readily Tunable Full Color Emission Properties

A series of air‐stable spiro‐fused ladder‐type boron(III) compounds has been designed, synthesized, and the electrochemistry and photophysical behavior have been characterized. By simply varying the substituents on the pyridine ring and extending the π‐conjugation of the spiro framework, the emission color of these compounds can be easily fine‐tuned spanning the visible spectrum from blue to red. All compounds exhibit a broad and structureless emission band across the entire visible region, assigned as an intramolecular charge‐transfer transition originating from the thiophene of the spiro framework to the pyridine‐borane moieties. In addition, these compounds demonstrate high photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 0.81 in dichloromethane solution and 0.86 in doped thin films. Some of the compounds have also been employed as emissive materials, in which solution‐processed organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs) with tunable emission colors spanning the visible spectrum from blue, green to red have been realized, demonstrating the potential applications of these boron compounds in OLEDs.     

Analysis of 'ARN' naphthenic acids by high temperature gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography

Examination by high temperature GC (HTGC) of the methyl esters of the so-called 'ARN' naphthenic acids from crude oils of North Sea UK, Norwegian Sea and West African oilfields revealed the distributions of resolved 4-8 ring C80 tetra acids and trace amounts of other acids. Whilst all three oils contained apparently the same major acids, the proportions of each differed, possibly reflecting the growth temperatures of the archaebacteria from which the acids are assumed to have originated. The structures of the 4, 5, 7 and 8 ring acids are tentatively assigned by comparison with the known 6 ring acid and related natural products and an HPLC method for the isolation of the individual acids is described. ESI-MS of individual acids isolated by preparative HPLC established the elution order of the 4-8 ring acids on the HPLC and HTGC systems and revealed the presence of previously unreported acids tentatively identified as C81 and C82 7 and 8 ring analogues.     

钼网衬底上大面积硅纳米线的制备及其光催化性能研究

硅纳米材料广泛应用于光功能导向的各个领域,发展针对光功能应用及一维硅纳米结构的规模化可控制备方法,实现硅纳米结构的宏量制备,将为硅纳米结构的应用提供材料保障。本文采用简单的化学气相沉积法成功地在Mo网衬底上制备了大面积的硅纳米线(SiNWs),并通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线粉末衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪,对制备的SiNWs进行了详细的研究。通过在低功率紫外光照射下SiNWs对罗丹明B和甲基蓝的光降解能力的研究,发现在Mo网衬底上生长的SiNWs对于有机染料具有很好的降解能力。     

Cloning, sequencing, analysis, and heterologous expression of the fredericamycin biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces griseus

Fredericamycin (FDM) A, a pentadecaketide featuring two sets of peri-hydroxy tricyclic aromatic moieties connected through a unique chiral spiro carbon center, exhibits potent cytotoxicity and has been studied as a new type of anticancer drug lead because of its novel molecular architecture. The fdm gene cluster was localized to 33-kb DNA segment of Streptomyces griseus ATCC 49344, and its involvement in FDM A biosynthesis was proven by gene inactivation, complementation, and heterologous expression experiments. The fdm cluster consists of 28 open reading frames (ORFs), encoding a type II polyketide synthase (PKS) and tailoring enzymes as well as several regulatory and resistance proteins. The FDM PKS features a KSalpha subunit with heretofore unseen tandem cysteines at its active site, a KSbeta subunit that is distinct phylogenetically from KSbeta of hexa-, octa-, or decaketide PKSs, and a dedicated phosphopantetheinyl transferase. Further study of the FDM PKS could provide new insight into how a type II PKS controls chain length in aromatic polyketide biosynthesis. The availability of the fdm genes, in vivo characterization of the fdm cluster in S. griseus, and heterologous expression of the fdm cluster in Streptomyces albus set the stage to investigate FDM A biosynthesis and engineer the FDM biosynthetic machinery for the production of novel FDM A analogues.     

具有聚集诱导发光效应的聚炔材料的合成及光学性能研究

合成了三种含有四苯基乙烯结构的双炔烃.这些双炔烃单体通过在CuCl催化下在邻二氯苯中进行的均聚反应可以高产率地生成线型聚炔.所得聚合物均可很好地溶解于常见有机溶剂中,并具有很高的热稳定性.这类聚炔材料在溶液态时几乎不发光,但在聚集态或者固态下可高度发光,表现出典型的聚集诱导发光性质.同时,这些聚合物具有高透光性,可以允许整个可见光区的光透过.其薄膜在400～1700 nm宽波长范围内表现出高折射率（n=1.7787～1.6543）和低色差（D'=0.0003）.紫外光照射可诱使聚合物薄膜发生交联过程,从而调控其折射率数值,并可生成高分辨率的荧光图案.     

含四苯基乙烯的炔酮衍生物的设计合成、聚集诱导发光性质及其对Pd2+的选择性荧光检测

聚集诱导发光（AIE）材料吸引了许多光电器件和生物荧光技术领域的科学家的关注.对聚集诱导发光化合物构效关系的深入理解对于设计新材料至关重要.在本工作中,基于经典的AIE基元四苯基乙烯,设计并合成了一系列具有AIE性质,含不同电子给体/受体取代基的炔酮衍生物.对这一系列化合物的光物理性质进行了系统研究并分别探讨了取代基团对发光波长、发光效率和AIE性质的影响.它们的聚集态最大发射波长位于511～565 nm,在四氢呋喃/水混合溶液中的荧光量子产率可达31%.在末端苯环上的电子给体/受体取代基团会降低聚集态的发光效率,而引入硝基取代基则会在发射波长红移的同时,显著猝灭荧光.最为重要的是,这些化合物结构中的炔酮基元可以在一系列金属离子中选择性地与Pd²⁺配位,猝灭纳米聚集体的发光,并有望作为一个有效的Pd²⁺荧光传感器.     

MX3(-) superhalogens (M = Be, Mg, Ca; X = Cl, Br): a photoelectron spectroscopic and ab initio theoretical study

Gas-phase alkaline earth halide anions, MgX3(-) and CaX3(-) (X = Cl, Br), were produced using electrospray and investigated using photoelectron spectroscopy at 157 nm. Extremely high electron binding energies were observed for all species and their first vertical detachment energies were measured as 6.60 +/- 0.04 eV for MgCl3(-), 6.00 +/- 0.04 eV for MgBr3(-), 6.62 +/- 0.04 eV for CaCl3(-), and 6.10 +/- 0.04 eV for CaBr3(-). The high electron binding energies indicate these are very stable anions and they belong to a class of anions, called superhalogens. Theoretical calculations at several levels of theory were carried out on these species, as well as the analogous BeX3(-). Vertical detachment energy spectra were predicted to compare with the experimental observations, and good agreement was obtained for all species. The first adiabatic detachment energies were found to be substantially lower (by about 1 eV) than the corresponding vertical detachment energies for all the MX3(-) species, indicating extremely large geometry changes between MX3(-) and MX3. We found that all the MX3(-) anions possess D3h ((1)A1') structures and are extremely stable against dissociation into MX2 and X-. The corresponding neutral species MX3, however, were found to be only weakly bound with respect to dissociation toward MX2 + X. The global minimum structures of all the MX3 neutrals were found to be C2v ((2)B2), which can be described as (X2(-))(MX+) charge-transfer complexes, whereas the MX2...X (C2v, (2)B1) van der Waals complexes were shown to be low-lying isomers.     

Efficient Intermolecular Charge Transport in Self-Assembled Fibers of Mono- and Bithiophene Bisurea Compounds

Hydrogen bonds between urea units allow self-organization of π systems in mono- and bithiophenes into fibers as shown schematically. In these fibers there is a surprisingly high mobility of charge carriers as determined by pulse-radiolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity measurements.     

Synthesis and characterisation of a series of alkylmagnesium amide and related oxygen-contaminated "alkoxy" compounds

Synthesised either by an unusual tert-butyl metathesis between tert-butyllithium and a n,s-butylmagnesium amide or by reaction of an alkyl Grignard reagent and a sodium amide, five tert-butylmagnesium amides, Bu(t)MgDBA (5)(DBA=dibenzylamide), Bu(t)MgDA (6)(DA=diisopropylamide), Bu(t)MgHMDS (7)(HMDS=1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazide), Bu(t)MgTMP (8)(TMP=2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide) and Bu(t)MgNCy2 (9)(cy=cyclohexyl) have been isolated as crystalline solids. All five amides have been characterised by X-ray crystallography and solution NMR spectroscopic studies. The former studies reveal a common dimeric molecular structure with amido bridges in a planar (MgN)2 ring and terminal Bu(t) ligands on the Mg atoms. Also described is the dodecameric primary amide [Bu(n)MgN(H)Dipp]12 (10a) and its monomeric solvate Bu(n)MgN(H)Dipp.TMEDA (10b)(Dipp=2,6-diisopropylphenyl; TMEDA=N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine). The crystal structures of the oxo-insertion products Bu(t)MgOBu(t).THF (11), Bu(t)Mg(mu-OBu(t))(mu-TMP)MgTMP (12) and Mg(OBu(n))HMDS.solv [solv=THF (13a) or Et2O (13b)], made fortuitously during the course of this work, are also presented.