Relationship of Polaron Exchange with Ferromagnetic and Insulator--Metal Transitions in Doped Manganites

We report the experiment results and data analyses based on a polaron exchange model for La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 and Pr0.7（Sr1-xCax）0.3MnO3 epitaxial thin films. In the polaron exchange model with an energy balance condition, critical temperature of Tc for stable ferromagnetic （FM） ordering should depend on △E as kBTc = E0 exp（-△E/kBTc）, where A E denotes the potential barrier for the exchange polarons to overcome. Using the small polaron hopping model, the resistivity peak temperature Tp is a function of the hopping energy Ehop. The dependence of Tp on Ehop is similar to the dependence of Tc on AE, which reveals that the polaron exchange relates to FM and insulator-metal transitions. The result indicates that the polaron exchange model is a simple way for describing the FM ordering, and is very helpful for understanding of complex doped manganites.     

基于光诱导荧光技术的浮游植物光合作用活性原位测量方法

根据浮游植物在不同光照下的荧光诱导特性,研究了叶绿素荧光作为浮游植物光合作用探针的特点,提出了原位测量活体叶绿素荧光值Ft和Fm获取浮游植物光合作用活性的方法。以淡水湖泊浮游植物中的普通小球藻、铜绿微囊藻和梅尼小环藻为实验对象,将原位测量方法得到的数据和实验室水样荧光仪的测试结果进行对比分析,结果表明:普通小球藻、梅尼小环藻和铜绿微囊藻的两组测试结果之间的相关系数分别为0.977 8,0.867 8和0.776 8,研究为进一步实现水体浮游植物光合作用活性的快速连续原位测量提供了方法。     

DiastereoselectiveandEnantioselectiveSynthesisof(1S,2S)-2-Ethyl-1-aminocyclopropaneCarboxylicAcid

During the last decade, 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid and its derivatives (ACCS) have attracted increasing attention of organic and bioorganic chemists due to their outstanding biological properties, ranging from antimicrobial, insecticidal, plant growth and fruit ripening controls, etc.1. Moreover, the three-membered carbocycle provides building blocks of unprecedented synthetic potential because it undergoes selective ring opening, ring enlargement or cycloaddition reactions2. The mo…     

4-(取代嘧啶-2-基)-1-芳磺酰基氨基脲化合物的合成与表征

以取代的苯磺酰肼与(取代嘧啶-2-基)-氨基甲酸苯酯在非亲核性碱存在下合成了12个4-(取代嘧啶-2-基)-1-芳磺酰基氨基脲化合物5和3个5与碱形成的有机盐5as, 5bs和5cs. 所有合成化合物均经过元素分析和¹H NMR的结构确证. ¹H NMR数据证明, 在5as～5cs中, 磺酰氨基脲起到提供质子的作用.     

N-邻羟苄基氨基酸的合成、表征及抑菌活性

将水杨醛、溴代水杨醛及二溴代水杨醛分别与4种L-α-氨基酸进行缩合反应生成相应席夫碱,不经分离直接加硼氢化钠将其还原制得N-邻羟苄基氨基酸类化合物(3)。 化合物的结构经IR、¹H NMR和元素分析测试技术表征确认。 测得化合物3在质量分数为0.05%时,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率为100％,对白色念珠菌有较强的抑菌活性,对大肠杆菌有一定的抑菌活性。 氨基酸的碳链R的结构是影响化合物抑菌活性的关键因素,不同烷基R对白色念珠菌和大肠杆菌抑菌活性增强的顺序为CH(CH₃)₂＞CH₃,CH₂CH(CH₃)₂＞H,苯环上引入溴原子对目标化合物的抑菌活性影响不明显。     

CdSe薄膜的制备及性能表征

室温下,以CdSO4H1SeO3和Na2SO4为原料,采用二电极体系,利用电化学法在ITO玻璃基底上沉积了CdSe薄膜.采用高分辨x射线衍射仪(HRXRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、紫外.可见.近红外(UV-VIS-NIR)分光光度计、荧光分光光度计(PL)对不同沉积电压下所制备的薄膜的晶体结构、形貌及光学性能进行分析表征.结果表明:所制备的薄膜为立方相CdSe,呈纳米颗粒状,部分粒子表现出不均匀团聚.紫外吸收光谱的吸收峰较体相CdSe有较大的蓝移,且导致禁带宽度发生改变,表现出量子尺寸效应.样品发射光谱表现出荧光现象,且单色性好.适当的沉积电压对CdSe薄膜的形貌和质量起关键作用,同时讨论了其反应机理.     

烷基化螺吡喃吲哚的合成及光学性质研究

为了增加螺吡喃吲哚与透明聚合物（ＰＭＭＡ）的相溶性,在螺吡喃吲哚分子中引入长烷基链,合成了１′－「十八烷基」－３′,３′－二甲基－６－硝基－８－「二十二酰氧基」－螺「２Ｈ－１－苯并吡喃－２,２′－二氢吲哚」,并用ＮＭＲ确定各中间体和最终产物的结构,ＨＰＬＣ显示产物中烷基化螺吡喃吲哚含量在９７％以上。将烷基化螺吡喃吲哚与ＰＭＭＡ制成厚度为５００ｎｍ左右的膜,研究该膜对紫外光的响应,获得烷基化螺吡喃吲哚开环和紫外吸收的关系,以及Ｊ－耦合构型与陈化的关系。     

磷酸超声提取大气颗粒物中砷的多种形态

以H<,3>PO<,4> 为提取剂,利用高效液相色谱与氢化物发生原子荧光光谱联用(HPLC-HG-AFS)实现了大气颗粒物中砷形态的温和提取测定,并通过标准样品的形态加标实验确定了最佳提取方法.在优化的色谱及光谱条件下,As(Ⅲ),As(Ⅴ),MMA(甲基胂酸)和DMA(二甲基胂酸)均可达基线分离,其方法检出限分别为1...     

Growth and Characterization of A1GaN/A1N/GaN HEMT Structures with a Compositionally Step-Graded A1GaN Barrier Layer

A new A1GaN/A1N/GaN high electron mobility transistor （HEMT） structure using a compositionally step-graded A1GaN barrier layer is grown on sapphire by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition （MOCVD）. The structure demonstrates significant enhancement of two-dimensional electron gas （2DEG） mobility and smooth surface morphology compared with the conventional HEMT structure with high A1 composition A1GaN barrier. The high 2DEG mobility of 1806 cm2/Vs at room temperature and low rms surface roughness of 0.220 nm for a scan area of 5μm×5 μm are attributed to the improvement of interracial and crystal quality by employing the stepgraded barrier to accommodate the large lattice mismatch stress. The 2DEG sheet density is independent of the measurement temperature, showing the excellent 2DEG confinement of the step-graded structure. A low average sheet resistance of 314.5Ω/square, with a good resistance uniformity of 0.68%, is also obtained across the 50 mm epilayer wafer. HEMT devices are successfully fabricated using this material structure, which exhibits a maximum extrinsic transconductance of 218 mS/ram and a maximum drain current density of 800 mA/mm.     

衍生化气相色谱-质谱法测定植物油中植物甾醇

植物油样品经氢氧化钾甲醇溶液皂化后,硅烷化衍生,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法建立了植物油中菜籽甾醇、菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇4种植物甾醇含量的分析方法,研究了各植物甾醇衍生物的质谱特征和断裂机理。该方法方便快捷、准确可靠,检出限为0.01 g/kg,用于植物油样品中植物甾醇的组成和含量测定,结果满意。