全文获取类型
收费全文 | 549篇 |
免费 | 16篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 490篇 |
晶体学 | 6篇 |
力学 | 1篇 |
数学 | 24篇 |
物理学 | 45篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 38篇 |
2021年 | 41篇 |
2020年 | 17篇 |
2019年 | 8篇 |
2018年 | 10篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 27篇 |
2015年 | 15篇 |
2014年 | 32篇 |
2013年 | 41篇 |
2012年 | 32篇 |
2011年 | 44篇 |
2010年 | 23篇 |
2009年 | 22篇 |
2008年 | 31篇 |
2007年 | 30篇 |
2006年 | 30篇 |
2005年 | 16篇 |
2004年 | 20篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 15篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有566条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
Trichothecene mycotoxins are sesquiterpenoid compounds primarily produced by fungi in taxonomical genera such as Fusarium, Myrothecium, Stachybotrys, Trichothecium, and others, under specific climatic conditions on a worldwide basis. Fusarium mold is a major plant pathogen and produces a number of trichothecene mycotoxins including deoxynivalenol (or vomitoxin), nivalenol, diacetoxyscirpenol, and T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin. Monogastrics are sensitive to vomitoxin, while poultry and ruminants appear to be less sensitive to some trichothecenes through microbial metabolism of trichothecenes in the gastrointestinal tract. Trichothecene mycotoxins occur worldwide however both total concentrations and the particular mix of toxins present vary with environmental conditions. Proper agricultural practices such as avoiding late harvests, removing overwintered stubble from fields, and avoiding a corn/wheat rotation that favors Fusarium growth in residue can reduce trichothecene contamination of grains. Due to the vague nature of toxic effects attributed to low concentrations of trichothecenes, a solid link between low level exposure and a specific trichothecene is difficult to establish. Multiple factors, such as nutrition, management, and environmental conditions impact animal health and need to be evaluated with the knowledge of the mycotoxin and concentrations known to cause adverse health effects. Future research evaluating the impact of low-level exposure on livestock may clarify the potential impact on immunity. Trichothecenes are rapidly excreted from animals, and residues in edible tissues, milk, or eggs are likely negligible. In chronic exposures to trichothecenes, once the contaminated feed is removed and exposure stopped, animals generally have an excellent prognosis for recovery. This review shows the occurrence of trichothecenes in food and feed in 2011–2020 and their toxic effects and provides a summary of the discussions on the potential public health concerns specifically related to trichothecenes residues in foods associated with the exposure of farm animals to mycotoxin-contaminated feeds and impact to human health. Moreover, the article discusses the methods of their detection. 相似文献
112.
113.
JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - The relative lipophilicity (RM0) and specific hydrophobic surface area of eight 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one derivatives... 相似文献
114.
Versatility and synthetic potential of 1-(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-butadiene, 1-(trimethylsilyloxy)penta-1,3-diene, and their methyl substituted derivatives have been demonstrated in a modular synthetic methodology of stereodefined π-conjugated unsymmetrical, symmetrical two-dimensional, and octupolar polyenal structure. 相似文献
115.
This work contains results of computer simulation researches, which define requirements for measurement conditions, which should be fulfilled so that measurement results ensure allowable errors. They define: allowable measurement errors (interferogram's scanning) and conditions, which should fulfill computer programs, so that errors introduced by mathematical operations and computer are the smallest. 相似文献
116.
Brereton Richard G. Jansen Jeroen Lopes João Marini Federico Pomerantsev Alexey Rodionova Oxana Roger Jean Michel Walczak Beata Tauler Romà 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2018,410(26):6691-6704
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry - The contribution of chemometrics to important stages throughout the entire analytical process such as experimental design, sampling, and explorative data... 相似文献
117.
Wojciech Duczmal Elzbieta Śliwińska Beata Maciejewska Bogdan Marciniec Hieronim Maciejewski 《Transition Metal Chemistry》1995,20(5):435-439
Summary Trisubstituted silanes, HSiR3-n
X
n
(R = Me or Et, X = Cl, OEt, or Ph; n = 0–3) oxidatively add to the complex [RhCl(cod)(1-hexene)] (cod = cycloocta-1,5-diene) to yield [RhCl(cod)(1-hexene)(H)(SiR3)] [(1)]. Subsequent steps of hydrosilylation follow, i.e. cis-insertion of the alkene (- rearrangement) and then reductive elimination of the product, according to the general Chalk and Harrod scheme. A quantitative correlation between the second order rate constant, k
1, of the oxidative addition (followed spectrophotometrically) at 20°C in benzene solution and the structure of the trisubstituted silane represented by Stereoelectronic parameters , and E' for the SiR3-n
X
n
groups was established. The maximal hydrosilylation rate followed by g.l.c., is strongly retarded by highly electronegative substituents X on silicon and results from the elimination rate of the hydrosilylation product from (1) and the maximal concentration of (1) in solution.Dedicated to Professor K. Rühlmann on the occasion of his 65th birthday. Part XXVII in the series Catalysis of Hydrosilylation; for Part XXVI see Polish J. Appl. Chem., 38, 169 (1994). 相似文献
118.
Adam Voelkel Beata Strzemiecka 《Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engineering aspects》2006,280(1-3):177-181
The raw material—aloxite used during the manufacturing of grinding tools was characterized by means of inverse gas chromatography (IGC). The surface properties of the different types of aloxite were determined including: (i) the specific surface area; (ii) the dispersive component of surface free energy as well as the sensitivity of this parameter on the environment humidity; and (iii) acidity and basicity of the examined surfaces. The results of our experiments proved the usefulness of IGC in the characterization of this kind of materials. 相似文献
119.
Piotr Guga Boles?aw Karwowski Damian B?aziak Magdalena Janicka Andrzej Okruszek Beata R?bowska Wojciech J. Stec 《Tetrahedron》2006,62(11):2698-2704
The SP-isomer of 5′-OH-N4-benzoyl-2′-deoxycytidine-3′-O-(2-thio-4,4-pentamethylene-1,3,2-oxathiaphospholane) undergoes DBU-promoted intramolecular cyclization providing as a sole product SP-deoxycytidine cyclic 3′,5′-O,O-phosphorothioate. Unexpectedly, the RP-counterpart yields a mixture of products consisting of RP-deoxycytidine cyclic 3′,5′-O,O-phosphorothioate and macrocyclic oligo(deoxycytidine phosphorothioate)s. The results of molecular modeling indicate that the dychotomy observed for the RP substrate may result from remarkably higher energy of the corresponding transition states, caused by the presence of bulky ‘spiro’ pentamethylene substituent at the position C4 in the oxathiaphospholane ring. 相似文献
120.
Kowalski P Suder P Kowalska T Silberring J Duszyńska B Bojarski AJ 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2003,17(18):2139-2146
Noncovalent complexes consisting of two protonated amines and a chloride anion were observed under electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) conditions. The observed phenomenon was investigated for the hydrochlorides of buspirone, a well-known anxiolytic drug, and 23 other arylpiperazine derivatives that had been developed as serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptor ligands. Due to the major role of ionic interactions in a vacuum, it was proposed that the detected complexes were formed by NH(+)---Cl(-)---NH(+) bridges. It was found that complexation depended on structural features of the analyzed compounds. For derivatives with a shorter linker (three methylene groups) containing a terminal cyclic amide fragment, complex ions were not observed. It was postulated that, in the latter case, steric hindrance due to a terminal group could disturb ionic bridge formation. Since both the observed complexation and ligand-binding processes are driven by noncovalent forces, and a qualitative relationship between them was found (compounds with a 4-carbon chain always display higher affinity for 5-HT(1A) receptors than do their 3-carbon analogues), such ESI-MS studies may yield valuable information on ligand-receptor interactions. 相似文献