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N. YA. Turova E. P. Turevskaya V. G. Kessler M. I. Yanovskaya 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》1994,2(1-3):17-23
X-ray structural analysis of crystalline alkoxides in many cases reveals that along with OR-groups their molecules also contain oxo-ligands. The following possible reactions leading to formation of oxoalkoxides have been discussed: hydrolysis, pyrolysis (frequently uncontrollable), ether elimination, oxidation of OR-groups (which exist in solutions of alkali, alkaline-earth and rare earth elements), or alkoxides of the lower oxidation states (which are formed by reduction of M(OR)
n
on cathode during electrolysis or by hydrogen in statu nascendi). Oligomeric oxoalkoxides differ from the polymeric alkoxides M(OR)
n
in considerably higher solubility and reactivity. The most important role of oxoalkoxides in the processes of formation of oxides has been demonstrated using as an example preparation of BaTiO3 from alkoxides. 相似文献
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Fin materials can be observed in a variety of engineering applications. They are used to ease the dissipation of heat from a heated wall to the surrounding environment. In this work, we consider a nonlinear fin problem with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient. The equation(s) under study are highly nonlinear. Both the thermal conductivity and the heat transfer coefficient are given as arbitrary functions of temperature. Firstly, we consider the Lie group analysis for different cases of thermal conductivity and the heat transfer coefficients. These classifications are obtained from the Lie group analysis. Then, the first integrals of the nonlinear straight fin problem are constructed by three methods, namely, Noether’s classical method, partial Noether approach and Ibragimov’s nonlocal conservation method. Some exact analytical solutions are also constructed. The obtained result is also compared with the result obtained by other methods. 相似文献
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Yu A. Barnakov 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2004,65(5):1005-1010
We report the size-dependent magneto-optical properties of nanometer-sized magnetite particles embedded in poly(methyl methacrylate). The nanocomposite material contains Fe3O4 particles with diameters ranging from 8 to 200 nm. Faraday rotation spectra are measured in the wavelength range of 400-900 nm. A broad spectral band centered at 650 nm (1.91 eV) is observed in the for the larger (200 nm) particles. Decreasing of nanoparticle size leads to a significant narrowing of this band and appearance of an additional peak in the 2.5-3.2 eV range. We propose that the changes to the spectrum are caused by structural changes in the small particles, which affect the magneto-optically active charge transfer and orbital promotion electronic transitions. In addition, the Faraday rotation spectrum of the composite containing 8 nm particles is sensitive to nanoparticle concentration. Increasing the concentration of nanoparticles in the composite results in a red shift of the spectral feature at approximately 450 nm. We propose that the shift of the peak in Faraday rotation spectrum is due to particle-particle interactions in the concentrated sample. Ferromagnetic Resonance measurements confirm a magneto-static interaction in the concentrated sample not present in the diluted sample. 相似文献
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The reaction of anhydrous YbCl3 with 1 equiv, of Li2Me2Si(NPh)2 in THF, after workup, yielded a ytterbium(Ⅲ) chloride [{Me2Si(NPh)2Yb}(μ2-CI)(TMEDA)]2·3PhMe (1) (TMEDA=tetramethylethanediamine). The same reaction followed by treatment with Na-K alloy afforded a new ytterbium(H) complex supported by a bridged diamide with four coordinated LiC1 molecules, [{Me2Si(NPh)2Yb(THF)2}(μ3-CI)(μ4-CI){Li(THF)}2]2·2THF (2) in high yield. Both complexes were structurally characterized by X-ray analysis to be dimers. Complex 1 was a chlorine-bridged dimer with ytterbium in a distorted octahedral geometry. In complex 2 two [Me2Si(NPh)2Yb(THF)2]- (μ3-CI)[Li(THF)]2 moieties were connected with each other by two μ4-CI bridges to form a "chair-form" framework. 相似文献
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Ch. N. Barnakov A. P. Kozlov A. I. Romanenko N. T. Vasenin V. F. Anufrienko Z. R. Ismagilov 《Kinetics and Catalysis》2010,51(2):312-317
It is stated that one-dimensional conductivity in amorphous microporous carbon material (AMCM) samples is associated with the considerable imperfection of graphene fragments in the carbon material rather than the presence of unshared electrons. It is likely that the graphene fragments are formed upon the carbonization of a carbon precursor accompanied by the partial or complete removal of precursor heteroatoms. It is hypothesized that the presence of localized unpaired electrons, which give EPR spectra, is due to the formation of local defects in carbene fragments. Thus, the effects of the value of conductivity and the concentration of unpaired electrons on the power output of a fuel cell cannot be distinguished based on the experimental data with the use of an AMCM as a catalyst support. The interaction of localized paramagnetic centers with electron gas can be interpreted in terms of the C-S relaxation model. 相似文献