全文获取类型
收费全文 | 39541篇 |
免费 | 1380篇 |
国内免费 | 146篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 20780篇 |
晶体学 | 204篇 |
力学 | 1073篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
数学 | 6685篇 |
物理学 | 12320篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 256篇 |
2021年 | 341篇 |
2020年 | 498篇 |
2019年 | 385篇 |
2018年 | 524篇 |
2017年 | 515篇 |
2016年 | 1073篇 |
2015年 | 814篇 |
2014年 | 921篇 |
2013年 | 1992篇 |
2012年 | 1785篇 |
2011年 | 1928篇 |
2010年 | 1290篇 |
2009年 | 1077篇 |
2008年 | 1804篇 |
2007年 | 1685篇 |
2006年 | 1616篇 |
2005年 | 1443篇 |
2004年 | 1253篇 |
2003年 | 1019篇 |
2002年 | 903篇 |
2001年 | 846篇 |
2000年 | 694篇 |
1999年 | 488篇 |
1998年 | 428篇 |
1997年 | 422篇 |
1996年 | 520篇 |
1995年 | 465篇 |
1994年 | 494篇 |
1993年 | 503篇 |
1992年 | 555篇 |
1991年 | 382篇 |
1990年 | 390篇 |
1989年 | 351篇 |
1988年 | 330篇 |
1987年 | 342篇 |
1986年 | 313篇 |
1985年 | 500篇 |
1984年 | 484篇 |
1983年 | 404篇 |
1982年 | 427篇 |
1981年 | 423篇 |
1980年 | 420篇 |
1979年 | 406篇 |
1978年 | 394篇 |
1977年 | 394篇 |
1976年 | 364篇 |
1975年 | 357篇 |
1974年 | 346篇 |
1973年 | 294篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
121.
Georg Süss-Fink Ulf Bodensieck Lisa Hoferkamp Gerd Rheinwald Helen Stoeckli-Evans 《Journal of Cluster Science》1992,3(4):469-478
The reaction of trirutheniumdodecacarbonyl with various thioureas was found to give, depending upon the substituents and the reaction conditions, a large variety of tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexanuclear ruthenium clusters. The ligand systems observed in the products are derived from the thioureas employed; the fragmentation of the thiourea molecules involve N-H, C-S, C-H, and C-N activation processes. 相似文献
122.
Julie Clutterbuck Oliver C. Schnürer Felix Schulze 《Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations》2007,29(3):281-293
We prove stability of rotationally symmetric translating solutions to mean curvature flow. For initial data that converge
spatially at infinity to such a soliton, we obtain convergence for large times to that soliton without imposing any decay
rates.
The authors are members of SFB 647/B3 “Raum – Zeit – Materie: Singularity Structure, Long-time Behaviour and Dynamics of Solutions
of Non-linear Evolution Equations”. 相似文献
123.
W. Brüggemann K. Fischer H. Jahnke 《Journal of Mathematical Modelling and Algorithms》2003,2(2):153-169
In Part I of this study, we suggest to identify an operations research (OR) problem with the equivalence class of models describing the problem and enhance the standard computer-science theory of computational complexity to be applicable to this situation of an often model-based OR context. The Discrete Lot-sizing and Scheduling Problem (DLSP) is analysed here in detail to demonstrate the difficulties which can arise if these aspects are neglected and to illustrate the new theoretical concept. In addition, a new minimal model is introduced for the DLSP which makes this problem eventually amenable to a rigorous analysis of its computational complexity. 相似文献
124.
We consider the least squares approximation of gridded 2D data by tensor product splines with free knots. The smoothing functional to be minimized—a generalization of the univariate Schoenberg functional—is chosen in such a way that the solution of the bivariate problem separates into the solution of a sequence of univariate problems in case of fixed knots. The resulting optimization problem is a constrained separable least squares problem with tensor product structure. Based on some ideas developed by the authors for the univariate case, an efficient method for solving the specially structured 2D problem is proposed, analyzed and tested on hand of some examples from the literature. 相似文献
125.
Brandau C. Bartsch T. Böhm S. Böhme C. Hoffknecht A. Kieslich S. Knopp H. Schippers S. Shi W. Müller A. Grün N. Scheid W. Steih T. Bosch F. Franzke B. Kozhuharov C. Krämer A. Mokler P. H. Nolden F. Steck M. Stöhlker T. Stachura Z. 《Hyperfine Interactions》2003,146(1-4):41-45
Hyperfine Interactions - An overview of measurements of dielectronic recombination (DR) with the heaviest lithiumlike ions is presented. The experiments have been carried out at the heavy ion... 相似文献
126.
127.
P. Thomsen-Schmidt K. Hasche G. Ulm K. Herrmann M. Krumrey G. Ade J. Stümpel I. Busch S. Schädlich A. Schindler W. Frank D. Hirsch M. Procop U. Beck 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2004,78(5):645-649
High-accuracy film thickness measurements in the range below 100 nm can be made by various complex methods like spectral ellipsometry (SE), scanning force microscopy (SFM), grazing incidence X-ray reflectometry (GIXR), or X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF). The measurement results achieved with these methods are based on different interactions between the film and the probe. A key question in nanotechnology is how to achieve consistent results on a level of uncertainty below one nanometre with different techniques.Two different types of thickness standards are realised. Metal film standards for X-ray techniques in the thickness range 10 to 50 nm are calibrated by GIXR with monochromatised synchrotron radiation of 8048 eV. The results obtained at four different facilities show excellent agreement. SiO2 on Si standards for SE and SFM in the thickness range 6 to 1000 nm are calibrated by GIXR with monochromatised synchrotron radiation of 1841 eV and with a metrological SFM. Consistent results within the combined uncertainties are obtained with the two methods. Surfaces and interfaces of both types of standards are additionally investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). PACS 61.10.Kw; 68.55.Jk; 06.20.Fn; 06.60.Mr; 07.79.Lh 相似文献
128.
Michael Demuth Peter Stollmann Günter Stolz Jan van Casteren 《Integral Equations and Operator Theory》1995,23(2):145-153
We give trace norm estimates for products of integral operators and for diffusion semigroups. These are applied to differences of heat semigroups. A natural example of an integral operator with finite trace which is not trace class is given. 相似文献
129.
Yanfei Lü 《中国光学快报(英文版)》2007,5(6)
A new resonator design for doubly resonant continuous-wave (CW) intracavity sum-frequency mixing (SFM) is reported. 1.12 W of coherent radiation at 588 nm is generated by mixing 1062-nm Nd:GdVO4laser and 1319-nm Nd:YAG laser. The optical-to-optical conversion efficiency is up to 3.7%. 相似文献
130.
Let Top
0
be the category of topological T
0-spaces, QU
0
the category of quasi-uniform T
0-spaces, T : QU
0
→ Top
0
the usual forgetful functor and K : QU
0
→ QU
0
the bicompletion reflector with unit k : 1 → K. Any T-section F : Top
0
→ QU
0
is called K-true if KF = FTKF, and upper (lower)
K-true if KF is finer (coarser) than FTKF. The literature considers important T-sections F that enjoy all three, or just one, or none of these properties. It is known that T(K,k)F is well-pointed if and only if F is upper K-true. We prove the surprising fact that T(K,k)F is the reflection to Fix(TkF) whenever it is idempotent. We also prove a new characterization of upper K-trueness. We construct examples to set apart some natural cases. In particular we present an upper K-true F for which T(K,k)F is not idempotent, and a K-true F for which the coarsest associated T-preserving coreflector in QU
0
is not stable under K.
We dedicate this paper to the memory of Sérgio de Ornelas Salbany (1941–2005). 相似文献