全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1213篇 |
免费 | 30篇 |
国内免费 | 11篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 793篇 |
晶体学 | 77篇 |
力学 | 16篇 |
数学 | 82篇 |
物理学 | 286篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 23篇 |
2021年 | 16篇 |
2020年 | 13篇 |
2019年 | 33篇 |
2018年 | 33篇 |
2017年 | 34篇 |
2016年 | 34篇 |
2015年 | 40篇 |
2014年 | 55篇 |
2013年 | 102篇 |
2012年 | 64篇 |
2011年 | 95篇 |
2010年 | 46篇 |
2009年 | 47篇 |
2008年 | 77篇 |
2007年 | 47篇 |
2006年 | 46篇 |
2005年 | 28篇 |
2004年 | 32篇 |
2003年 | 28篇 |
2002年 | 36篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 15篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 12篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 12篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 21篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有1254条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
32.
Navneet Vidyarthi Sachin Jayaswal Vikranth Babu Tirumala Chetty 《Journal of Global Optimization》2016,64(4):745-764
In this paper we develop a general but smooth global optimization strategy for nonlinear multilevel programming problems with polyhedral constraints. At each decision level successive convex relaxations are applied over the non-convex terms in combination with a multi-parametric programming approach. The proposed algorithm reaches the approximate global optimum in a finite number of steps through the successive subdivision of the optimization variables that contribute to the non-convexity of the problem and partitioning of the parameter space. The method is implemented and tested for a variety of bilevel, trilevel and fifth level problems which have non-convexity formulation at their inner levels. 相似文献
33.
The finite temperature effective potential for a scalar field with Φ6 interaction is calculated by extending the CJT formalism for composite operators. It is found that unrenormalized terms appear
in the effective potential due to the presence of an unrenormalized mass term. Nonzero turning points are obtained both for
positive and negativeλ. High temperature expansion is performed and the results are analysed numerically. Graphical analysis indicates symmetry
restoration whenT→0. 相似文献
34.
This paper deals with the preparation and optical analysis of Er3+ (0.2 mol%) boro-fluoro-phosphate glasses in the following glass compositions:
-
Series A: 69.8 B2O3–10 P2O5–10(ZnO/CdO/TeO2)–10 AlF3
-
Series B: 69.8 B2O3–10 P2O5–10(ZnO/CdO/TeO2)–10 LiF
35.
In this paper we present a technique to optimize the transport parameters for transverse matching of the space charge dominated beams in the presence of bunching. The increase in the current within the specified bunch width during the transport is obtained from the disc model and is included in the optimization method. A 2D particle in cell (PIC) code is then developed to study the details transverse dynamics of the bunch taking into account the effect of longitudinal compression by reweighting the charge and mass of macroparticles. The evolution of rms beam size obtained using PIC simulation agrees well with the results obtained by solving beam envelope equation. The PIC simulation shows emittance growth during bunching induced by the space charge effect for nonuniform distribution. The growth in the emittance increases with the nonlinearity of distribution and peaks near the time focus. 相似文献
36.
On one approach to a posteriori error estimates for evolution problems solved by the method of lines 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary. In this paper, we describe a new technique for a posteriori error estimates suitable to parabolic and hyperbolic equations
solved by the method of lines. One of our goals is to apply known estimates derived for elliptic problems to evolution equations.
We apply the new technique to three distinct problems: a general nonlinear parabolic problem with a strongly monotonic elliptic
operator, a linear nonstationary convection-diffusion problem, and a linear second order hyperbolic problem. The error is
measured with the aid of the -norm in the space-time cylinder combined with a special time-weighted energy norm. Theory as well as computational results
are presented.
Received September 2, 1999 / Revised version received March 6, 2000 / Published online March 20, 2001 相似文献
37.
Single crystals of the nonlinear material γ-glycine have been grown in the presence of lithium nitrate by slow-evaporation method. Structural characterization of the grown crystals was carried out by powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods and it is observed that the samples crystallize in hexagonal system with non-centrosymmetric space groups. The modes of vibrations of different molecular groups present in glycine have been identified by spectral analyses. UV–visible transmittance study was performed to analyze optical transparency of γ-glycine crystals and found that the crystal was transparent in the entire visible-NIR region. Second harmonic generation (SHG) conversion efficiency has been estimated as 62 mV and the output power by the crystal was 1.72 times that of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal. The thermal stability and decomposition of the sample have been studied by thermal analysis and it is observed that the γ-glycine crystal have good thermal stability. 相似文献
38.
Sivasankar M Bauer JJ Babu T Larson CR 《The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America》2005,117(2):850-857
The present study was undertaken to examine if a subject's voice F0 responded not only to perturbations in pitch of voice feedback but also to changes in pitch of a side tone presented congruent with voice feedback. Small magnitude brief duration perturbations in pitch of voice or tone auditory feedback were randomly introduced during sustained vowel phonations. Results demonstrated a higher rate and larger magnitude of voice F0 responses to changes in pitch of the voice compared with a triangular-shaped tone (experiment 1) or a pure tone (experiment 2). However, response latencies did not differ across voice or tone conditions. Data suggest that subjects responded to the change in F0 rather than harmonic frequencies of auditory feedback because voice F0 response prevalence, magnitude, or latency did not statistically differ across triangular-shaped tone or pure-tone feedback. Results indicate the audio-vocal system is sensitive to the change in pitch of a variety of sounds, which may represent a flexible system capable of adapting to changes in the subject's voice. However, lower prevalence and smaller responses to tone pitch-shifted signals suggest that the audio-vocal system may resist changes to the pitch of other environmental sounds when voice feedback is present. 相似文献
39.
Bhogi Jai Rama Satyanarayana Swamy Rangu Vijay Pamidi Ramesh Babu Bhaskar Sanyal Yerramreddy Gandhi Nalluri Veeraiah 《Ionics》2016,22(9):1625-1634
γ-Ray-induced dielectric dispersion in CaF2–B2O3–P2O5 glasses doped with different concentrations of CuO was investigated. The glass samples were exposed to γ-rays with dose varying within the range 0–10 kGy. The dielectric dispersion and spectroscopic properties were measured before and after γ-ray treatment. Additionally, thermoluminescence studies were performed on post-irradiated glass samples. The results of dielectric properties and dielectric breakdown strength indicated a substantial increase in the insulating strength of CuO containing glasses due to γ-ray irradiation. The analysis of these results together with UV-vis optical absorption, IR spectra, and thermoluminescence studies have indicated a gradual increase in the concentration of mono-valent copper ions due to γ-ray treatment of the glass network. The additional studies have confirmed that these Cu+ ions occupy network-forming positions, increase the polymerization of the borophosphate glass network, and facilitates for the increase of insulating strength of the titled glass. 相似文献
40.
The antitumor prodrug temozolomide (TMZ) decomposes in aqueous medium of pH≥7 but is relatively stable under acidic conditions. Pure TMZ is obtained as a white powder but turns pink and then brown, which is indicative of chemical degradation. Pharmaceutical cocrystals of TMZ were engineered with safe coformers such as oxalic acid, succinic acid, salicylic acid, d,l ‐malic acid, and d,l ‐tartaric acid, to stabilize the drug as a cocrystal. All cocrystals were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), single crystal X‐ray diffraction, and FT‐IR as well as FT‐Raman spectroscopy. Temozolomide cocrystals with organic acids (pKa 2–6) were found to be more stable than the reference drug under physiological conditions. The half‐life (T1/2) of TMZ–oxalic and TMZ–salicylic acid measured by UV/Vis spectroscopy in pH 7 buffer is two times longer than that of TMZ (3.5 h and 3.6 h vs. 1.7 h); TMZ–succinic acid, TMZ–tartaric acid, and TMZ–malic acid also exhibited a longer half‐life (2.3, 2.5, and 2.8 h, respectively). Stability studies at 40 °C and 75 % relative humidity (ICH conditions) showed that hydrolytic degradation of temozolomide in the solid state started after one week, as determined by PXRD, whereas its cocrystals with succinic acid and oxalic acid were intact at 28 weeks, thus confirming the greater stability of cocrystals compared to the reference drug. The intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) profile of TMZ–oxalic acid and TMZ–succinic acid cocrystals in buffer of pH 7 is comparable to that of temozolomide. Among the temozolomide cocrystals examined, those with succinic acid and oxalic acid exhibited both an improved stability and a comparable dissolution rate to the reference drug. 相似文献