Lump and mixed rogue-soliton solutions to the 2+1 dimensional Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur equation

In this paper, the 2+1 dimensional Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (AKNS) equation which obtained from the potential Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempi nelli (pBLMP) equation, is introduced. Through the bilinear method and ansatz technique, the rational solutions consisting of rogue wave and lump soliton solutions are constructed, where we discuss the condition of guaranteeing the positiveness and analyticity of the lump solutions. The collection of a quadratic function with an exponential function describing rational-exponential solutions is proved, the interaction consisting of one lump and one soliton with fission and fusion phenomena. The second kind of interaction comprises the line rogue wave and soliton solution, which is inelastic. With the usage of the extended homoclinic test approach, the homoclinic breather-wave solution is derived. The characteristics of these various solutions are exhibited and illustrated graphically.     

Including sustainability criteria into inventory models

Research on sustainability performance has considerably enriched operations management literature in recent years. However, work with quantitative models is still scarce. This paper contributes by revisiting classical inventory methods taking sustainability concerns into account. We believe that reducing all aspects of sustainable development to a single objective is not desirable. We thus reformulate the classical economic order quantity model as a multiobjective problem. We refer to this model as the sustainable order quantity model. Then, a multi-echelon extension of the sustainable order quantity model is studied. For both models, the set of efficient solutions (Pareto optimal solutions) is analytically characterized. These results are used to provide some insights about the effectiveness of different regulatory policies to control carbon emissions. We also use an interactive procedure that allows the decision maker to quickly identify the best option among these solutions. The proposed interactive procedure is a new combination of multi-criteria decision analysis techniques.     

The equilibrium and kinetics of intermolecular hydrogen bonding in nitroarene anion radical–alcohol system: 1,3‐dinitro‐benzene anion radical – R–OH (R═CH3–, C2H5–, (CH3)2 CH–)

To explore the possibility of hydrogen bonding of a stable anion radical with DNA – component sugar, hormones, steroid, and so on (through hydroxyl group), as a first step, the possibility of hydrogen bonding of 1,3‐dinitrobenzene anion radical (1,3‐DNB^??) with aliphatic alcohols was studied. It was found that 1,3‐DNB^?? anion radical undergoes hydrogen bonding with alcohols: methanol, ethanol, and 2‐proponal. The hydrogen‐bonding equilibrium constant K_eq and the (hydrogen‐bonding) rate constants k₂ were evaluated through the use of linear scan and cyclic voltammetry theory and techniques. The K_eq was found to be in the range of 1.4–6.0 m ^?1, whereas the rate constants k₂ were found to be in the range of 1.5–3.6 m ^?1 s^?1, depending upon the hydrogen‐bonding agent and the equation used for the calculation of the rate constants. The hydrogen‐bonding number n was found to be around 0.5 or 1.0. The implication of this study in, for example, the replication of DNA, the prevention of the formation of super oxide, and so on is discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis of KIT-5 decorated by Bi2S3-Fe3O4 photocatalyst for degradation of parathion pesticide in aqueous media: Offering a degradation model and optimization using response surface methodology (RSM)

In this research, a novel KIT-5/Bi₂S₃-Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite was prepared. The structure and morphology properties of the nanocomposite were well characterized by XRD, FESEM-EDS-mapping, TEM, and N₂ adsorption–desorption. Benefiting from the visible light, the as-prepared KIT-5/Bi₂S₃-Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite exhibit significantly improved photocatalytic performance for the degradation of parathion. The optimum photocatalytic efficiency of KIT-5/Bi₂S₃-Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite was investigated with the central composite design using Design Expert software. The four critical variables affecting parathion degradation such as the concentration of parathion, pH, irradiation time, and amount of KIT-5/Bi₂S₃-Fe₃O₄ nanocatalyst. A polynomial function corresponding to degradation percent was obtained for the experimental data. The results showed that this catalyst has a good performance for the degradation of parathion.     

Synthesis,Characterization, Theoretical Studies,and Antimicrobial/Antitumor Potencies of Salen and Salen/Imidazole Complexes of Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Cd (II), Al (III) and La (III)

Although salens and imidazoles are well-studied motifs among bioactive and therapeutic agents, their properties when combined in transition metal complexes are not well developed. To explore the structure/reactivity of this class of compounds, a salen-based ligand, namely (2,2′-{1,2-ethanediylbis[nitrilo(E)methylylidene]}diphenol, S), and its binary (MS) and ternary (MSI) complexes (I = imidazole; M = Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Cd (II), Al (III), and La (III)) have been synthesized and fully characterized by standard physicochemical and theoretical methods. Evidence from structural analysis tools along with DFT modeling revealed an unusual monobasic tridentate salen binding mode, involving the phenolic oxygen, the nitrogen of the azomethine group, and NH group formed via phenol-to-cyclohexadienone tautomerization, giving rise to a general molecular formula of MSI complexes as [M(S)(I)₂(Cl)] for M (II) = Co, Ni, Cu and Cd or [M(S)(I)(Cl)₂] for M (III) = Al and La, respectively. The antimicrobial activities of S, MS, and MSI were screened against several bacterial and fungal strains. Of all tested complexes, CdS and CuSI were the most effective antimicrobials, giving larger inhibition zones than the reference antibiotics. The antimicrobial efficacy for the MS complexes follows the order: CdS > gentamicin > CuS > NiS > CoS > LaS > AlS > S, whereas MSI complex, potencies are ordered as CuSI > gentamicin > CdSI >NiSI > CoSI > LaSI > AlSI > S. In vitro cytotoxicity screening of MSI complexes disclosed that both CuSI and CdSI exhibited higher activity against human liver (Hep-G2) and breast (MDA-MB231) carcinoma cell lines than the reference (cisplatin) drug. The satisfactory bioactivities observed for several of these compounds supports the underlying design idea for combining important bioactive motifs for possible therapeutic benefit.     

Slow Relaxation of Magnetization in an Isostructural Series of Zinc–Lanthanide Complexes: An Integrated EPR and AC Susceptibility Study

We report the synthesis, structure, and spectroscopic and dynamic magnetic properties of a series of heterodinuclear complexes, [ZnLn(LH₄)₂](NO₃)₃ ? 6 H₂O (Ln=Nd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Yb), with the singly deprotonated form of a new compartmentalized Schiff‐base ligand, LH₅. The Ln^III ions in these systems show a distorted square‐antiprism geometry with an LnO₈ coordination sphere. EPR spectroscopy and DC magnetic studies have shown that the anisotropic nature of the complexes is far more complicated than predicted on the basis of a simple electrostatic model. Among the investigated systems, only the Dy^III derivative showed single‐ion magnet behavior, in zero and an applied magnetic field, both in pure polycrystalline samples and in a series of polycrystalline samples with different degrees of dilution at the single‐crystal level in the isostructural Y^III derivative. The rich dynamics observed as functions of frequency, field, and temperature reveals that multiple relaxation mechanisms are at play, resulting in a barrier of 189 cm^?1, which is among the highest reported for a dinuclear Zn–Dy system. Analysis of the dynamic behavior as a function of dilution degree further evidenced the persistence of non‐negligible intermolecular interactions, even at the lowest concentration of 1 %.     

Study of Optical Soliton Perturbation with Quadratic-Cubic Nonlinearity by Lie Symmetry and Group Invariance

Here, optical soliton perturbation with quadratic-cubic nonlinearity has been discussed by applying Lie symmetry and group invariants. The perturbation terms include third and fourth order dispersions in addition to self-steepening, intermodal dispersion and higher order dispersion effects. Using presented algorithms, Bright and dark soliton solutions are revealed.