K-Theory of Surfaces at the Prime 2

We prove that for smooth surfaces over real closed fields, and a class of smooth projective surfaces over a real number field, the map between mod 2 algebraic and étale K-theory is an isomorphism in sufficiently large degrees. For a class of smooth projective surfaces over a real closed field, including rational surfaces, complete intersections and K3-surfaces over the real numbers, we explicate the abutment of the mod 2 motivic cohomology to algebraic K-theory spectral sequence.     

maxLik: A package for maximum likelihood estimation in R

This paper describes the package maxLik for the statistical environment R. The package is essentially a unified wrapper interface to various optimization routines, offering easy access to likelihood-specific features like standard errors or information matrix equality (BHHH method). More advanced features of the optimization algorithms, such as forcing the value of a particular parameter to be fixed, are also supported.     

Ionothermal synthesis of crystalline, condensed, graphitic carbon nitride

Herein we report the synthesis of a crystalline graphitic carbon nitride, or g-C(3)N(4), obtained from the temperature-induced condensation of dicyandiamide (NH(2)C(=NH)NHCN) by using a salt melt of lithium chloride and potassium chloride as the solvent. The proposed crystal structure of this g-C(3)N(4) species is based on sheets of hexagonally arranged s-heptazine (C(6)N(7)) units that are held together by covalent bonds between C and N atoms which are stacked in a graphitic, staggered fashion, as corroborated by powder X-ray diffractometry and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.     

DNS Analysis of Wall Heat Transfer and Combustion Regimes in a Turbulent Non-premixed Wall-jet Flame

Understanding the heat-release effects on the wall heat transfer in turbulent reacting flows, i.e. heat transfer with or without significant density variation, is essential for a wide variety of industrial flows, especially combustion problems. The present study focuses on the wall heat transfer and the near-wall reaction characteristics. The heat-release effects on the wall heat transfer and skin-friction coefficients are investigated using three-dimensional direct numerical simulations of a turbulent reacting wall-jet flow with and without heat release. Reductions in the skin-friction coefficient are observed in the exothermic case, compared to the isothermal one, and the underlying mechanism is explained. The absolute wall heat flux also increases, while the corresponding Nusselt number decreases with increasing heat release. Furthermore, the wall effects on the near-wall average burning rate are assessed. It is found that the isothermal cold wall results in an appreciable decrease of the burning rate in the exothermic cases. We observed indications that the wall increases the chances for the development of the premixed mode and its occurrence is very fast in the wall-normal direction.     

Predictability in deterministic theories

A mathematical model for the general notion of a deterministic physical theory is introduced, and incompleteness results analogous to the halting theorem for Turing machines are demonstrated for this model. The discussion is not limited to algorithmic systems.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [Cr(thd)2(OEt)]2

The mixed‐ligand complex [Cr(thd)₂(OEt)]₂ [(thd)^– = anion of H(thd) = C₁₁H₂₀O₂ = 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylheptane‐3,5‐dione] appears as by‐product when EtOH/H₂O is used as solvent during preparation of Cr(thd)₃. [Cr(thd)₂(OEt)]₂ can be difficult to separate from Cr(thd)₃ by sublimation, but separation is easily accomplished by extracting Cr(thd)₃ with acetone. A detailed account for the sublimation behavior of [Cr(thd)₂(OEt)]₂/Cr(thd)₃ mixtures is advanced. Good yields of [Cr(thd)₂(OEt)]₂ are obtained when CrCl₃, H(thd), and Na(EtO) react in absolute EtOH. [Cr(thd)₂(OEt)]₂ is obtained in the form of green needle‐shaped crystals by recrystallization from toluene. The crystal structure is triclinic [a = 10.2919(15), b = 10.6686(16), c = 14.194(3) Å, α = 106.559(2), β = 107.869(2), and γ = 98.326(2)° at 295 K; space group P . The complex contains two crystallographic equivalent chromium atoms, which are bridged by two cis‐configured ethoxy groups, the four remaining sites in the octahedral coordination around each chromium atom being occupied by oxygen atoms from two thd ligands. The bond lengths and angles concur with the findings for related molecular complexes. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility of [Cr(thd)₂(OEt)]₂ follows Curie–Weiss law with Weiss constant θ ≈? –65 K and μ_p = 3.87 μ_B.