光活性酮咯酸衍生物的拆分及绝对构型的测定

酮咯酸与L-脯氨酸苄酯在缩合剂作用下形成酰胺，用柱层析分离了一对非对映异构体并进行了表征.用单晶X衍射测定了酮咯酸脯氨酸苄酯酰胺一个异构体的晶体结构，并用内参法确定了其绝对构型.晶体属正交晶系，空间群P212121，晶胞参数a=0.896 45（1）nm，b=1.271 23（2）nm，c=2.076 21（4）nm， V=2.366 04（6）nm3，Z=4，最终偏离因子R1=0.046 4.     

荧光磁性碳点对卵巢癌细胞的靶向成像与检测

利用高温碳化法制备了荧光磁性钆掺杂碳点(Gd-CDs),其具有明亮的绿色荧光发射,荧光量子产率为32.6%,T1弛豫效率高达 9.02 L·mmol^-1·s^-1。将 Gd-CDs与卵巢癌特异性抗体 Anti-HE4连接,得到的 Anti-HE4/Gd-CDs纳米探针能对 SKOV-3卵巢癌细胞进行特异性的荧光成像和 T1加权成像,其荧光信号强度与 SKOV-3的细胞浓度成正比,对 SKOV-3细胞的检测限为658 cell·mL^-1。以该方法检测了血液样品中的SKOV-3细胞。     

循环爆破开挖下隧道围岩振动效应与损伤演化的模型实验

针对推进式循环爆破开挖下隧道围岩振动效应与损伤演化问题,按照相似比理论进行模型实验研究,实验模型采用1:15比例浇筑制成。通过模拟隧道推进式循环爆破开挖方式,以同一测点处爆破前后岩体声速变化评价隧道围岩损伤程度,探寻爆破参量变化对振动效应的影响,探索围岩损伤演化与爆破次数之间的关系。研究结果表明:在最大段药量大致相同情况下,起爆段数对萨道夫斯基公式的介质系数K影响很小,而对萨道夫斯基公式的衰减系数α影响较大;隧道在推进式循环爆破开挖下,同一深度距离爆区相同的测点,其声速降低率存在较大差异,围岩的爆破损伤范围在深度和广度方面均具有典型的各向异性特征;当爆炸参量基本相同时,不同循环爆破开挖下测点的累积声速降低率呈非线性增长趋势;在推进式循环爆破加载下,围岩爆破累积损伤量D与爆破次数n之间存在非线性演化特性,不同的测点具有各自的爆破累积损伤扩展模型,距离爆源越近爆破损伤扩展越快,围岩爆破累积损伤效应具有典型的非线性演化特性和各向异性特征。     

交通流理论的研究进展

交通难已成为困扰大中城市发展的普遍问题,亟待发展有效的交通流理论来指导这一问题的解决。本文从交通流的动力分析和交叉口延滞模型两大方面评介交通流理论研究进展和现状,列举了有关的数学、力学模型,分析了它们的效用与不足之处。      

An adaptive laser beam shaping technique based on a genetic algorithm

A new adaptive beam intensity shaping technique based on the combination of a 19-element piezo-electricity deformable mirror (DM) and a global genetic algorithm is presented. This technique can adaptively adjust the voltages of the 19 actuators on the DM to reduce the difference between the target beam shape and the actual beam shape. Numerical simulations and experimental results show that within the stroke range of the DM, this technique can be well used to create the given beam intensity profiles on the focal plane.     

Reactions of [Cp*Ru(H2O)(NBD)]+ with alkynes

Formal [2 + 2 + 2] addition reactions of [Cp*Ru(H₂O)(NBD)]BF₄ (NBD = norbornadiene) with PhC?CR (R = H, COOEt) give [Cp*Ru(η⁶‐C₆H₅? C₉H₈R)] BF₄ (1a, R = H; 2a, R = COOEt). Treatment of [Cp*Ru(H₂O)(NBD)]BF₄ with PhC?C? C?CPh does not give [2 + 2 + 2] addition product, but [Cp*Ru(η⁶‐C₆H₅? C?C? C?CPh)] BF₄(3a). Treatment of 1a, 2a, 3a with NaBPh₄ affords [Cp*Ru(η⁶‐C₆H₅? C₉H₈R)] BPh₄ (1b, R = H; 2b, R = COOEt) and [Cp*Ru(η⁶‐C₆H₅? C?C? C?CPh)] BPh₄(3b). The structures of 1b, 2b and 3b were determined by X‐ray crystallography. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Transition metal doping of amorphous silica particles

Amorphous, homogeneously doped particles with 1–10 atomic percent (at%) nickel or zinc, smaller than 100 nm, were synthesized. Additionally, 20 at% nickel and zinc-doped silica particles were synthesized, although the particle size was > 300 nm. The coordination state of the metal in solution did not change with the ammonia or water concentrations used. Particle size was found to decrease with both increasing water and ammonia hydroxide concentrations. The NH₄OH concentrations of 4.5 and 6.5 M used allowed the formation of ammine–transition metal complexes and the zeta potential to remain in a stable range, allowing for spherical, nearly monodisperse particle formation at high metal dopant concentrations.