Hamiltonian approach to the dynamics of Darwinian systems

It is shown that equations describing the dynamics of Darwinian systems (DS) far from the bifurcation points may be expressed in Hamiltonian form. The cases of DS with constant organization and DS with a constant flux through the system are considered. The configurational part of phase space is formed by variables containing information on the structure of the system. Momentum variables may be regarded as specific rates of multiplication. The evolution of DS with constant organization in this phase space is expressed as uniform rectilinear motion. In the case of DS with a constant flux, the motion occurs in some effective constant and uniform field. The meaning of the elements of the Hamiltonian structure is described in terms of theoretical biology. Tomsk State University. Scientific-Research Institute of Biological Systems, Tomsk State University. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 7, pp. 23–28, July, 1997.     

Pseudo-epitaxial C60 films prepared by a hot-wall method

We have used both reflection-geometry and grazing-incidence-geometry X-ray scattering to study thin films of C₆₀ evaporated onto mica substrates via a hot-wall technique. The growth mode yields close-packed C₆₀ planes, which are parallel to the substrate surface and which exhibit out-of-plane correlation lengths of 850 Å. In the film plane the C₆₀ is at best pseudo-epitaxial, with a 0.9° distribution of crystallite orientations, a 450 Å in-plane correlation length, and a 3.7% lattice mismatch, better than obtained by other thin film techniques but far from the accepted definition of single crystal thin film epitaxy.     

Hydroxyl-containing mesogens. Synthesis and liquid-crystalline properties of 2-o-hydroxyarylpyrimidines

We have synthesized 5-alkyl(alkoxy)-2-(o-lzydroxy-p-alkoxyphenyl)pyrimidines and considered the effect of the OH group on the inesomorphism. We have found that in binuclear o-hydroxyarylpyrimidines, an ortho OH group forming an intramolecular hydrogen bond increases T_mp, inhibits the appearance of nematic properties, and promotes the appearance of a smectic A.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 90–92, January, 1994.     

Reversed phase behaviour of high molecular mass polystyrenes in ethyl acetate solvent mixtures

Chromatographia - The reversed phase behaviour of high molecular mass polystyrenes was investigated on C18 bonded phase columns with ethyl acetate-methanol and ethyl acetateacetonitrile mobile...     

Mechanical properties of polyester polymer-concrete

The properties of a polymer-concrete composed of polyester matrix and locally available rock aggregate are investigated. The formula of the concrete is found by an experimental-calculation approach in such a way as to attain a closer packing of the aggregate particles on the one hand, and to ensure the needed processing characteristics (placeability) of the mix on the other. It is shown experimentally that the material obtained has a rather high compression strength. Under prolonged compression loads, the polymer-concrete exhibits a noticeable creep behavior with a linear relation between the creep strains and stresses. After the action of half the ultimate load over 3000 h, the total strains exceed the instantaneous ones by 2.0 to 2.2 times. The accumulation of irreversible strains is also observed; however, their contribution to the total strain is small. It is found that the stress-strain relation can be represented by the equation of linear hereditary creep theory.Institute of Polymer Mechanics, University of Latvia, Riga, LV-1006, Latvia. Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 147–162, March–April, 1999.     

Application of differential electrolytic potentiometry for detection in flow injection analysis

The applicability of differential electrolytic potentiometry as a detection system in flow injection analysis is investigated. A computer-controlled injector which delivers precise volumes of sample solutions in a reproducible manner was developed. Conditions such as current density employed, the concentrations of the solutions used and the flow rate were optimized. Chloride in water was determined by means of this system. The relation between chloride concentration and the measured signal was found to be Nernstian for solutions of concentrations above 6 μg ml⁻¹ chloride. For solutions below this concentration, the relation is linear.     

Investigation of the conditions for feeding filamentary silicon crystals,growing in a reactor with hot walls

An estimate of the factors which influence the rate of growth of filamentary silicon crystals in a standard chloride system using a quartz reactor with hot walls is given. It is shown that a diffusion form of crystallization is observed under the conditions investigated.Voronezh State Technical University. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 10, pp. 22–26, October, 1995.     

Spin effects in instanton models

Nonperturbative nolocal structure of QCD vacuum is well described by instanton model. Specific helicity and flavor structure of zero modes of quarks, in instanton field allows simultaneously to explain some important features of low-and high-energy hadron phenomemology. The basic characteristics of hadron spectrum, partonic sum rules, heavyquark potential etc within the instanton liquid model are briefly discussed.