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91.
Anna Worobiec Lucyna Samek Zoya Spolnik Velichka Kontozova Elzbieta Stefaniak René Van Grieken 《Mikrochimica acta》2006,156(3-4):253-261
The St. Michael Archangel’s Church in Szalowa, Poland, was selected for closer investigation with respect to the indoor/outdoor
air exchange and its influence on the air quality and work arts preservation. Chemical composition, size and abundance of
particulate matter and concentration of gases NO2, SO2, O3 inside and outside the church were determined. To study seasonal variation of the weather condition (temperature, inversion
level, wind direction) and the influence of seasonal sources of the air pollution (like heating of the nearby houses), samples
were collected in winter and summer time. It was stated that suspended particulate matter inside the wooden church has in
general an outdoor source. Several groups of particles were distinguished such as the organic ones, soil dust, nitrates and
sulphates. In case of organic and soil dust particles, the concentration inside was higher than outside. From the results,
in comparison to literature data, one can conclude that accumulation of particulate suspended matter in the church is more
intense than in other types of buildings. Gaseous pollutants were detected but their concentration was negligible. 相似文献
92.
Adam W. Marczewski Anna Deryło-Marczewska Mieczysław Jaroniec 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》1989,120(3):225-230
Summary The multiple integral representing the overall isotherm for adsorption of gas mixtures on heterogeneous surfaces is transformed to a single integral, which is promising for predicting the mixed-gas adsorption by means of single-gas adsorption parameters. This transformation is possible when the adsorption energies of components for various adsorption sites show a certain type of correlation.
Eine vereinfachte Integralgleichung für die Adsorption von Gasmischungen auf heterogenen Oberflächen
Zusammenfassung Das multiple Integral, das die Adsorption von Gasmischungen auf heterogenen Oberflächen darstellt, wurde zu einem einfachen Integral transformiert, das zur Voraussage der Adsorption von Gasgemischen mittels der Einzelgas-Adsorptionsparameter geeignet sein sollte. Diese Transformation ist dann möglich, wenn die Adsorptionsenergien der Komponenten einem bestimmten Korrelationstyp angehören.相似文献
93.
Improved quantification limits in chiral capillary electrochromatography by peak compression effects
The peak compression effect has been applied to improve quantification limits in chiral capillary electrochromatography (CEC). A stationary phase based on the chiral selector vancomycin (Chirobiotic V) was used for separations of the enantiomers of mianserin. By adding solvents with a low dielectric constant, e.g. 2-propanol or tetrahydrofuran, to the sample solution, peak compression could be induced. The plate numbers for the minor enantiomer increased from approximately 100,000 to 1.4-1.6 million plates/m, when the composition of the mobile phase was adjusted so that the analyte eluted within either one of two system zones originating from the sample solution. A 10-fold improvement in the quantification limit for the minor enantiomer was obtained compared to elution under non-focused conditions. 相似文献
94.
A new, highly sensitive, fast responding and stable potentiometric biosensor for creatinine determination is developed. The biosensor is based on an ammonium ion-selective electrode. Creatinine deiminase (EC 3.5.4.21) is chemically immobilized on the surface of the polymeric ion-sensitive membrane in the form of monomolecular layer using a simple, one-step carbodiimide covalent attachment method. The resulting enzyme electrodes are useful for measurement under flow injection analysis (FIA) conditions. The biosensors exhibit excellent operational and storage stability. The enzyme electrodes retain over 70% of initial sensitivity after ten weeks of work under FIA conditions. The storage stability at 4 °C is longer than half a year without loss of sensitivity. Under optimized conditions near 30 samples per hour can be analyzed and the determination range (0.02-20.0 mmol l−1) fully covers creatinine concentrations important from clinical and biomedical point of view. The simple biosensor/FIA system has been successfully used for determination of creatinine in urine, serum and posthemodialysate samples. 相似文献
95.
Alicja Janik Anna Chyra Katarzyna Stadnicka 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2007,63(10):o572-o575
The crystal structure of a protected l ‐tyrosine, namely N‐acetyl‐l ‐tyrosine methyl ester monohydrate, C12H15NO4·H2O, was determined at both 293 (2) and 123 (2) K. The structure exhibits a network of O—H...O and N—H...O hydrogen bonds, in which the water molecule plays a crucial role as an acceptor of one and a donor of two hydrogen bonds. Molecules of water and of the protected l ‐tyrosine form hydrogen‐bonded layers perpendicular to [001]. C—H...π interactions are observed in the hydrophobic regions of the structure. The structure is similar to that of N‐acetyl‐l ‐tyrosine ethyl ester monohydrate [Soriano‐García (1993). Acta Cryst. C 49 , 96–97]. 相似文献
96.
97.
Körner A Larsson A Piculell L Wittgren B 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2005,109(23):11530-11537
A systematic study of the dissolution of dry, polydisperse poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) samples, obtained from mixtures of low-molecular-weight and high-molecular-weight PEO, was made. During the dissolution process, the individual release of the low- and high-molecular-weight fractions was monitored. The high-molecular-weight/low-molecular-weight ratio controls the release rate, and the fraction of high-molecular-weight polymers dominates the effect on the overall release rate in mixed PEO tablets. Both fractions are released at the same rate during the main part of the dissolution process; however, during the initial dissolution period a fractionation occurs. The release rate is not a unique function of the average molecular weight of the polymer, but also depends on the polydispersity. By contrast, the average dimension of a polymer coil, as given by the intrinsic viscosity, gives a good prediction of the release rate irrespective of the polydispersity or details of the molecular weight distribution. 相似文献
98.
Express detection of nonylphenol in water samples by fluorescence polarization immunoassay 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Yakovleva JN Lobanova AY Shutaleva EA Kourkina MA Mart'ianov AA Zherdev AV Dzantiev BB Eremin SA 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2004,378(3):634-641
The development of express method for detection of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) such as alkylphenols is required for ecological monitoring. Several attempts have been made to produce antibodies against 4-nonylphenol (NP) in recent years. This work describes the production of new antibodies against NP and also summarizes the characterization of antibodies obtained earlier. Three approaches used to produce alkylphenol-specific antibodies are compared; these are based on: 1. omega-(4-hydroxyphenyl)nonanoic or omega-(4-hydroxyphenyl)heptanoic acid NP derivatives designed to mimic the linear NP isomer; 2. 4-aminophenol, which potentially mimics various substituted phenolic compounds with different side-chain structures at position 4 of the benzene ring; and 3. a mixture of branched NP isomers, conjugated to the carrier protein via a benzene ring by the Mannich reaction, and expected to be the closest mimic of NP structure by preserving its natural alkyl moiety.Fluorescence polarization immunoassays based on different combinations of antibody and labeled antigen for screening detection of NP were developed and structural aspects of assay sensitivity and specificity were investigated. The assays based on the antisera raised against omega-(4-hydroxyphenyl)nonanoic acid and NP conjugate via Mannich reaction are capable of express detection of NP with detection limit of 7 microg mL(-1 )and assay dynamic range of 18-300 microg mL(-1). 相似文献
99.
A new method of synthesizing the alkaloid aspidospermidine (1), based on building ring E on the pyridocarbazole [ABCD] ring structure, is reported. The preparation of the pyridocarbazole framework of Aspidosperma alkaloids is a new three-step synthetic application of 2-(1,3-dithian-2-yl)indoles. A tandem conjugate addition-alkylation reaction starting from indolyldithiane (4), 3-methylenelactam 6, and EtI yields the adduct 17. Treatment of lactam 17 with DIBALH leads to formation of the naphthyridoindole 18. Compound 18 isomerizes in aqueous AcOH to yield pyridocarbazole 3. Finally, closure of ring E and subsequent reduction of the dithiane ring produces aspidospermidine. Pyridocarbazoles 2 and 10 were prepared as models. 相似文献
100.
Weronika Gruszka Anna Lykkeberg Gary S. Nichol Michael P. Shaver Antoine Buchard Jennifer A. Garden 《Chemical science》2020,11(43):11785
Heterometallic cooperativity is an emerging strategy to elevate polymerisation catalyst performance. Here, we report the first heterotrimetallic Na/Zn2 and K/Zn2 complexes supported by a ProPhenol ligand, which deliver “best of both” in cyclic ester ring-opening polymerisation, combining the outstanding activity (Na/K) and good control (Zn2) of homometallic analogues. Detailed NMR studies and density-functional theory calculations suggest that the Na/Zn2 and K/Zn2 complexes retain their heterometallic structures in the solution-state. To the best of our knowledge, the K/Zn2 analogue is the most active heterometallic catalyst reported for rac-lactide polymerisation (kobs = 1.7 × 10−2 s−1), giving activities five times faster than the Na/Zn2 complex. These versatile catalysts also display outstanding performance in ε-caprolatone and δ-valerolactone ring-opening polymerisation. These studies provide underpinning methodologies for future heterometallic polymerisation catalyst design, both in cyclic ester polymerisation and other ring-opening (co)polymerisation reactions.Cooperative heterotrimetallic Na/Zn2 and K/Zn2 complexes combine the excellent activities and control of the homometallic analogues, giving “best of both” in cyclic ester ring-opening polymerisation. 相似文献