Quantum Lévy processes on dual groups

We present a theory of quantum (non-commutative) Lévy processes on dual groups which generalizes the theory of Lévy processes on bialgebras. It follows from a result of N. Muraki that there exist exactly 5 notions of non-commutative ‘positive’ stochastic independence. We show that one can associate a commutative bialgebra with each pair consisting of a dual group and one of the 5 notions of independence. This construction is related to a construction of U. Franz. Our construction has the advantage that the important case of free independence is included. We show that Lévy processes are given by their generators which are precisely the conditonally positive linear functionals on the dual group.Supported by the European Research Training Network “Quantum Probability with Applications to Physics, Information Theory and Biology”     

Decarboxylative Benzylation of Aryl and Alkenyl Boronic Esters

The copper‐catalyzed decarboxylative benzylation of aryl and alkenyl boronic esters with electron‐deficient aryl acetates is reported. The oxidative coupling proceeds under mild, aerobic conditions and tolerates a host of potentially reactive electrophilic functional groups that would be problematic with traditional benzylation methods (aryl iodides and bromides, protic heteroatoms, aldehydes, Michael acceptors). A reaction pathway in which a benzylic nucleophile is generated by aryl acetate decarboxylation and in turn is intercepted by the catalyst to form diarylmethane products is supported by mechanistic studies.     

Kinetic study of hydrogen peroxide reaction with hydroxonitrilotri(methylenephosphonato)iron(III) complex

The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of hydroxonitrilotri(methylenephosphonato)iron(III), [Fe(NTMP)(OH)^4–], was studied in nitrate media (=0.10–0.26 M) over the 0.2–0.5 mM concentration range for the iron complex and the temperature range 26–40°C. The rate law;

Design,Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and In Silico Prediction Study of Novel Isoxazole Linked Pyranopyrimidinone Conjugates as New Targets for Searching Potential Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Agents

A series of novel naphthopyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidin-11(12H)-one containing isoxazole nucleus 4 was synthesized under microwave irradiation and classical conditions in moderate to excellent yields upon 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction using various arylnitrile oxides under copper(I) catalyst. A one-pot, three-component reaction, N-propargylation and Dimroth rearrangement were used as the key steps for the preparation of the dipolarophiles3. The structures of the synthesized compounds were established by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and HRMS-ES means. The present study aims to also predict the theoretical assembly of the COVID-19 protease (SARS-CoV-2 M^pro) and to discover in advance whether this protein can be targeted by the compounds 4a–1 and thus be synthesized. The docking scores of these compounds were compared to those of the co-crystallized native ligand inhibitor (N3) which was used as a reference standard. The results showed that all the synthesized compounds (4a–l) gave interesting binding scores compared to those of N3 inhibitor. It was found that compounds 4a, 4e and 4i achieved greatly similar binding scores and modes of interaction than N3, indicating promising affinity towards SARS-CoV-2 M^pro. On the other hand, the derivatives 4k, 4h and 4j showed binding energy scores (−8.9, −8.5 and −8.4 kcal/mol, respectively) higher than the M^pro N3 inhibitor (−7.0 kcal/mol), revealing, in their turn, a strong interaction with the target protease, although their interactions were not entirely comparable to that of the reference N3.     

Kinetics of interaction and complexation of the palladium(II) ion with new para-substituted-phenylazo-R-acid chromophores

The kinetics of complex formation between the Pd^II ion and the new phenylazo-R-acid chromophore [HL] and it is para-substituted derivatives {X = H, Cl, CO₂H, and SO₂NH₂}, [p-X-HL], have been studied at various temperatures. The observed rate constant is given by:k_obs=/k₁ K₁/K[H⁺]+k₂ K₂}[p-X-HL]A mechanism involving initial formation of a 1:1 complex between the Pd^II ion and [p-X-HL], followed by aquation as the rate-determining step, is proposed. The activation enthalpy and entropy for the aquation were determined. The rate of formation is greatly effected by electron-withdrawing substitutents in the para position of the phenylazo-R-acid ligand. The solid complex of p-SO₂NH₂-phenylazo-R-acid has been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, and FT-IR spectra. The p-substituted-phenylazo-R-acid ligands are very active against C. albicans fungi, so that these compounds can be used for the chemotherapy of candidiasis and other fungal skin diseases.     

Structural,optical, electrical and luminescence properties of electron beam evaporated CdSe:In films

CdSe:In films were prepared by electron beam evaporation technique using CdSe and In₂Se₃ (purity ∼99.9%) pellets. The crystal structure of the films with and without Indium, measured by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), showed a typical wurtzite structure, higher Indium doping shifts the peak angle to higher side along with the broadening of the peaks. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated binding energies corresponding to 54 eV (Se3d_5/2), 444 eV (In 3d_5/2), 411 eV (Cd 3d_3/2), (Cd 3d_5/2). Atomic force microscope (AFM) studies indicated a uniform surface.The grain size decreases with increase of In doping. A decrease in the band gap was observed with increase of dopant concentration. Resistivity of the films is in the range of 10^‐3 Ωcm. Carrier density was in the range of 10²¹ cm^‐3 for the films. The photolumineasenec spectra (PL) spectra indicated three peaks. The peak intensity decreases as the Indium concentration increases. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

In Vitro Adventitious Shoot Regeneration via Indirect Organogenesis from Petiole Explants of Cassia angustifolia Vahl.—a Potential Medicinal Plant

An effective protocol was developed for in vitro regeneration of the Cassia angustifolia via indirect organogenesis from petiole explants excised from 21-day-old axenic seedlings. Organogenic callus were induced on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 5.0 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid and 2.5 μM thidiazuron (TDZ). Adventitious shoot regeneration was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 5.0 μM TDZ as it induced 8.5 ± 0.98 shoots in 85% cultures. The number of shoots and shoot length was significantly enhanced when cultures were subcultured on auxin–cytokinin-containing medium. The highest number of shoots (12.5 ± 1.10) and shoot length (4.3 ± 0.20 cm) was recorded on MS medium supplemented with 5.0 μM TDZ and 1.5 μM indole-3-acetic acid. Regenerated shoots were rooted best on MS medium supplemented with 10.0 μM indole-3-butyric acid followed by their transfer to liquid MS filter paper bridge medium. The plants were successfully hardened off in sterile soilrite followed by their establishment in garden soil with 70% survival rate. The plants showed normal morphological characteristics similar to the field grown plants.     

Synthesis of main-chain chiral quaternary ammonium polymers for asymmetric catalysis using quaternization polymerization

Main-chain chiral quaternary ammonium polymers were successfully synthesized by the quaternization polymerization of cinchonidine dimer with dihalides. The polymerization occurred smoothly under optimized conditions to give novel type of main-chain chiral quaternary ammonium polymers. The catalytic activity of the polymeric chiral organocatalysts was investigated on the asymmetric benzylation of N-(diphenylmethylidene)glycine tert-butyl ester.