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81.
Natalia Rey-Raap J. Angel Menéndez Ana Arenillas 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2014,69(3):488-497
Carbon xerogels (CX) can be synthesized by microwave-assisted heating. The transfer of this technology to an industrial scale passes through the optimization of the variables that affect the process. The effect of the main operational variables, i.e., initial volume of the precursor, gelation and ageing time and temperature of the synthesis, on the final porous properties of CX has been evaluated. It was found that the development of porosity in the CX synthesised in the microwave oven is hardly influenced by the increase in the initial volume of the precursor solution. This suggests that it is feasible to scale up the production of these materials by means of microwave heating. Furthermore, the consumption of energy does not increase in proportion to the volume of xerogel synthesized. Thus, the process is energy efficient, saves a considerable amount of time and requires only a single device to carry it out. These advantages, along with the fact that a temperature variation of 10 °C is not determinative in the xerogels’ final properties, indicate that CX could be produced on a large scale in a cost effective way . 相似文献
82.
Roser Pons Cristina Ibez Ana B. Buades Antonio Franconetti Angel Garcia‐Raso Juan J. Fiol Angel Terrn Elies Molins Antonio Frontera 《应用有机金属化学》2019,33(6)
We report the synthesis and X‐ray characterization of the N6‐benzyl‐N6‐methyladenine ligand (L) and three metal complexes, namely [Zn(HL)Cl3]·H2O ( 1 ), [Cd(HL)2Cl4] ( 2 ) and [H2L]2[Cd3(μ‐L)2(μ‐Cl)4Cl6]·3H2O ( 3 ). Complex 1 consists of the 7H‐adenine tautomer protonated at N3 and coordinated to a tetrahedral Zn(II) metal centre through N9. The octahedral Cd(II) in complex 2 is N9‐coordinated to two N6‐benzyl‐N6‐methyladeninium ligands (7H‐tautomer protonated at N3) that occupy apical positions and four chlorido ligands form the basal plane. Compound 3 corresponds to a trinuclear Cd(II) complex, where the central Cd atom is six‐coordinated to two bridging μ‐L and four bridging μ‐Cl ligands. The other two Cd atoms are six‐coordinated to three terminal chlorido ligands, to two bridging μ‐Cl ligands and to the bridging μ‐L through N3. Essentially, the coordination patterns, degree of protonation and tautomeric forms of the nucleobase dominate the solid‐state architectures of 1 – 3 . Additionally, the hydrogen‐bonding interactions produced by the endocyclic N atoms and NH groups stabilize high‐dimensional‐order supramolecular assemblies. Moreover, energetically strong anion–π and lone pair (lp)–π interactions are important in constructing the final solid‐state architectures in 1 – 3 . We have studied the non‐covalent interactions energetically using density functional theory calculations and rationalized the interactions using molecular electrostatic potential surfaces and Bader's theory of atoms in molecules. We have particularly analysed cooperative lp–π and anion–π interactions in 1 and π+–π+ interactions in 3 . 相似文献
83.
Prof. Dr. Mateo Alajarin Dr. Raul‐Angel Orenes Prof. Dr. Judith A. K. Howard Dr. Elinor C. Spencer Prof. Dr. Jonathan W. Steed Dr. Aurelia Pastor 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2012,18(8):2389-2397
Tris(2‐ and 3‐ureidobenzyl)amines with Cs symmetry self‐assemble in solution forming mixtures of regioisomeric capsular aggregates, one of which is chiral and the other centrosymmetric. Under certain conditions, a predominance of the centrosymmetric regioisomer is found before equilibrium, that is, a mixture close to the statistical ratio of the two species is reached. In the solid state, there is a preference for the centrosymmetric capsules. Molecular models of both regioisomeric aggregates have been built and analyzed for comparison. Guests inside capsules formed by self‐assembly of desymmetrized tris(3‐ureidobenzyl)amines feel different magnetic environments, depending on whether they are inside a chiral or an achiral regioisomeric container. Of special significance are the experiments with a more flexible triurea endowed with an ureidopropylic arm, which self‐assembles with the same efficiency as the more rigid tris(ureidobenzyl)amines. 相似文献
84.
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86.
Inside Cover: Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,3‐Diaminotruxillic Acid Derivatives: An Advantageous Combination of CH‐ortho‐Palladation and On‐Flow [2+2]‐Photocycloaddition in Microreactors (Chem. Eur. J. 1/2016) 下载免费PDF全文
87.
Adriana Reyes‐Mayer Bonifacio Alvarado‐Tenorio Angel Romo‐Uribe Michael Jaffe 《先进技术聚合物》2013,24(12):1029-1039
The influence of heat treatment on the texture, microstructure and tensile mechanical properties of extruded thin films of a series of high‐performance thermotropic liquid crystal polymers (LCPs) was investigated. LCPs based on random units of hydroxybenzoic acid (B), hydroxynaphthoic acid (N), terephthalic acid (TA) and biphenol (BP) were kindly supplied by the former Hoechst Celanese Corp as 50 µm thick extruded tapes. The LCPs, denoted B‐N, COTBP and RD1000, have B and N as common comonomers and vary the other comonomers. Thus, this study also enables the investigation of the influence of monomer composition on microstructure and mechanical properties. Heat treatments were carried out at temperatures close to the solid‐to‐nematic transition (Ts→n) for periods up to 5 h, under dry air conditions. The thermal treatment produced either two endotherms or a small increase of Ts→n (B‐N and RD1000), or increased significantly Ts→n (COTBP). Moreover, when heat treatment was carried out approximately 40°C below the respective Ts→n, the mechanical Young's modulus, E, along the extrusion axis, increased for all LCPs. Strikingly, for COTBP, E increased over 100% relative to the as‐extruded film. The results also showed that the optimum treatment time for improving the Young modulus, under dry air atmosphere, was between 3 and 4 h. Wide‐angle X‐ray scattering showed a significant sharpening of crystalline reflections and concentration of the 002 meridional reflection as a result of thermal treatment, suggesting the elimination of defects and a better alignment of the molecular chains along the extrusion axis. This would explain the increase in tensile modulus. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
88.
Angel A. J. Torriero Stephen W. Feldberg Jie Zhang Alexandr N. Simonov Alan M. Bond 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2013,17(12):3021-3026
The potential of a quasi-reference electrode can be determined by introducing an internal reference redox system (IRRS) which comprises either the oxidizable or reducible form of a reversible (and, ideally, outer-sphere) redox couple and then observing the cyclic voltammetric responses. The objective is to choose the IRRS so that the cyclic voltammetric response for the simultaneously present electroactive analyte system (ANS) can be observed independently of the IRRS response. We identify three fundamental paradigms describing the relative positioning of the IRRS and ANS on the potential scale, the operative redox components for the IRRS and ANS, and the starting potential (E start), reversing potential (E rev), and ending potential (E end) for the cyclic voltammetric scan as follows: paradigm A, an optimal paradigm which can produce completely independent cyclic voltammetric responses for the IRRS or for ANS; paradigm B, a less-than-optimal paradigm which can produce an independent cyclic voltammetry (CV) response for the ANS or a mixed response for the IRRS with that response on top of the ANS response; paradigm C, a problematic paradigm that can produce an independent CV response for the IRRS or a mixed response for the ANS with that response on top of the IRRS response; and any mixed response produces a thermodynamically favored redox cross-reaction which couples the IRRS and ANS systems and which can complicate the analysis of the ANS and IRRS responses. The conclusion is that paradigm C is to be avoided. 相似文献
89.
Prof. Angel E. Kaifer 《Chemphyschem》2013,14(6):1107-1108
90.
Angela R. Williams April J. Angel Kristen L. French Douglas R. Hurst Darrell D. Beckman Charles F. Beam 《合成通讯》2013,43(11):1977-1988
C(a), O-Oximes were dilithiated in excess lithium diisopropylamide, and the resulting intermediates were condensed with lithiated hydroxyphenyl aldehydes and related materials and cyclized with acid to afford 2-[4,5-dihydro-3-aryl-5-isoxazolyl]phenols, substituted 4,5-dihydroisoxazoles (2-isoxazolines). 相似文献