方位远探测声波测井仪数据采集控制软件设计*

方位远探测声波测井技术在近年来得到了快速发展,数据采集控制软件是测井仪器系统的重要功能模块,其主要功能是完成地面采集控制平台与井下仪器的实时命令控制与数据传输。方位远探测声波测井仪数据采集控制软件模块以仪器库的形式挂接到成像测井系统,软件主要由仪器初始化、数据采集、数据分析及处理、仪器参数设置、下发命令封装、文件操作、实时波形绘图显示、实时波形处理、数据回放、帮助系统等部分组成。在程序设计中采用了多线程编程技术,提高与测井主控平台进行交互的时效性以及程序的响应速度。实验室及现场测试表明,方位远探测声波测井仪数据采集控制软件的总体及各个功能模块运行稳定,能够完成现场应用过程中对仪器的控制、数据读取、数据分析及处理、文件记录以及与现场测井采集控制平台的数据接口等需求,为仪器的进一步功能优化升级和现场应用提供了基础。     

Strontium d‐glutamate hexa­hydrate and strontium di(hydrogen l‐glutamate) penta­hydrate

[Sr(C₅H₇NO₄)]·6H₂O, (I), and [Sr(C₅H₈NO₄)₂]·5H₂O, (II), both crystallize with similar strontium–glutamate–water layers. In (I), the neutral layers are connected through hydrogen bonds by water mol­ecules, while in (II), the positively charged layers are connected through hydrogen bonds and electrostatic inter­actions by inter­leaving layers of hydrogen glutamate anions and water mol­ecules.     

Simulation of Counter-Current Spontaneous Imbibition Based on Momentum Equations with Viscous Coupling,Brinkman Terms and Compressible Fluids

Transport in Porous Media - A numerical model is investigated representing counter-current spontaneous imbibition of water to displace oil or gas from a core plug. The model is based on mass and...     

Caminoside A,an antimicrobial glycolipid isolated from the marine sponge Caminus sphaeroconia

Extracts of the marine sponge Caminus sphaeroconia showed potent activity in a screen for bacterial type III secretion inhibitors. Bioassay guided fractionation of the extract led to the isolation of the novel antimicrobial glycolipid caminoside A (1). The structure of caminoside A was elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data and chemical degradation.[structure: see text]     

Changes in orcine muscle water characteristics during growth--an in vitro low-field NMR relaxation study

This study investigates the effects of developmental stage and muscle type on the mobility and distribution of water within skeletal muscles, using low-field (1)H-NMR transverse relaxation measurements in vitro on four different porcine muscles (M. longissimus dorsi, M. semitendinosus, M. biceps femoris, M. vastus intermedius) from a total of 48 pigs slaughtered at various weight classes between 25 kg and 150 kg. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed effects of both slaughter weight and muscle type on the transverse relaxation decay. Independent of developmental stage and muscle type, distributed exponential analysis of the NMR T(2) relaxation data imparted the existence of three distinct water populations, T(2b), T(21), and T(22), with relaxation times of approximately 1-10, 45-120, and 200-500 ms, respectively. The most profound change during muscle growth was a shift toward faster relaxation in the intermediate time constant, T(21). It decreased by approx. 24% in all four muscle types during the period from 25 to 150 kg live weight. Determination of dry matter, fat, and protein content in the muscles showed that the changes in relaxation time of the intermediate time constant, T(21), during growth should be ascribed mainly to a change in protein content, as the protein content explained 77% of the variation in the T(21) time constant. Partial least squares (PLS) regression revealed validated correlations in the region of 0.58 to 0.77 between NMR transverse relaxation data and muscle development for all the four muscle types, which indicates that NMR relaxation measurements may be used in the prediction of muscle developmental stage.     

The Formation of Porous Membranes by Filtration of Aerosol Nanoparticles

Flame-generated aerosol particles of Al₂O₃ were deposited by gas filtration on two types of porous and ceramic tubes of -Al₂O₃ with mean pore diameters of 450 and 2700nm, respectively. The particles were aggregates with average mobility diameters in the range of 30–100nm and primary particle diameters of 4–8nm. The particles are characterized by differential mobility analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and by their specific surface area. The deposited membranes are characterized by gas permeability measurements, scanning electron microscopy, and by their pore size distribution from nitrogen capillary condensation. The particles form a distinct, homogeneous membrane layer with a porosity of 90% on top of the substrate surface and only penetrate slightly into the substrate structure. The mean pore sizes of the deposited membranes determined by nitrogen condensation agree approximately with those determined by gas permeation and the specific surface area. The mean pore diameter varies in the range of 30–70nm. The gas permeability of the deposited membranes is related to the specific surface area but influenced by the high porosity. The mean pore size and the permeability of the membranes are almost independent of the substrate structure.The development of a membrane with uniform properties is preceded by a short initial period in which the deposited particles, with an equivalent membrane thickness of roughly 2m, have a significantly lower permeability than the ultimately developed uniform membrane layer. This effect is particularly significant for the aerosol particles with the lowest mean size, probably due to particles deposited in the pore mouths of the substrate.The particles and the deposited membranes are X-ray amorphous but retain their specific surface area on heating to even high temperatures. When the membranes are heated to 1473K for 10h, X-ray diffraction shows a mixture of - and -alumina, accompanied by a partial disintegration of the membrane and a considerable loss of surface area.     

Polarization-insensitive nonlinear optical loop mirror demultiplexer with twisted fiber

We experimentally demonstrate reduction of the polarization sensitivity of a nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) from 5 to 0.5 dB by use of 550 m of twisted dispersion-shifted fiber with a twist rate of 8 turns/m (24 turns/beat length). The twisting of the fiber induces circular birefringence and equates the parallel-and the orthogonal-polarization nonlinear phase-shift terms. Experimental results show that the polarization sensitivity monotonically decreases from 5 dB for nontwisted fiber to 0.5 dB for fiber that is twisted at a rate of 8 turns/m, and the twist rate should be more than 4 turns/m (>10 turns/beat length) for emulation of circularly polarized fiber. The minimum polarization sensitivity occurs when the control-pulse polarization is aligned with one of the eigenmodes of the twisted fiber. With the fiber twisted at a rate of 8 turns/m in the NOLM, the nonlinear transmission is 23% at a switching energy of 4 pJ/pulse. Simulations confirm the observed behavior and show that the remaining polarization sensitivity results from energy transfer between orthogonal modes of the signal pulse.     

对插型阵列微带电极的制作及其电化学特性研究

用微电子光刻方法制作了对插型阵微带电极（ＩＤＡ），并通过ＳＥＭ对ＩＤＡ电极进行了表征，将微Ａｇ／ＡｇＣｌ参比电极和微铂丝对电极固定在ＩＤＡ电极附近，构成了微电解池，考察了该电极的循环伏安及计时电流特性，并用微带电极的扩散理论和Ｃｏｔｔｒｅｌｌ 公式对ＩＤＡ电极的准稳太电流进行了处理，指出了它们之间产生偏差的原因，研究了ＩＤＡ电极的“发生－收集”效应，测定了该电极的屏蔽因子、反馈因子和收集效率。