Interfacial properties as predictors of radioresistance in cervical cancer

The prediction of radioresistance of tumours, early in the course of radiotherapy, may help clinicians in deciding the optimal treatment strategy for each case. This study was carried out to investigate an in vitro technique to predict radiosensitivity, after a single radiation dose of 2 Gy in cervical cancer. Langmuir films of tissue homogenates of biopsy samples from 20 cervical cancer patients treated with radiotherapy alone and 15 normal controls were evaluated. The tensiometric profiles before and after giving 2 Gy of radiation, were compared with that of controls and were correlated with the clinical radioresponsiveness evaluated on completion of the radiotherapy course of 70-78 Gy over a period of 50-55 days. The tensiometric profiles measured after a single dose of radiation can be used to fingerprint the clinical radioresponsiveness of the cervical cancer tissues. The hysteresis of the monolayers of completely radioresponsive post-radiotherapy tissue homogenates was 5.8 times greater than that of partially radioresponsive post-radiotherapy tissue homogenates and was statistically significant using Mann-Whitney test (p<0.05). From our results, the following tensiometric criteria for prediction of radioresistance emerge. After first dose of radiation, if the minimum surface tension of tissue homogenate is greater than 50 mN/m and hysteresis area is less than 20 microJ those tissues will be in the partially radioresponsive and for completely radioresponsive tissue homogenates, the minimum surface tension will be less than 47 mN/m and the hysteresis area will be greater than 33 microJ. The cholesterol and phospholipid content of radioresponsive cervical cancerous tissues after radiotherapy was found to be 1.2 and 2.2 times lower than that of the untreated tissues and due to lower lipid content organic phase surface activity of radioresponsive cancerous tissues after radiotherapy was less than that of the untreated tissue organic phase. The radiation induced tensiometric profile changes of radioresponsive cervical cancerous tissues can be correlated to the radiation induced lipid profile changes. This technique, due to its simplicity and high precision, can serve as a predictive tool for radioresponsiveness and is easily translatable to the clinical setting. Randomized large sample trials are necessary to validate this technique further and help in the translation from bench to clinics.     

On algebraic -groups

We introduce the categories of algebraic -varieties and -groups over a difference field . Under a ``linearly -closed" assumption on we prove an isotriviality theorem for -groups. This theorem immediately yields the key lemma in a proof of the Manin-Mumford conjecture. The present paper crucially uses ideas of Pilay and Ziegler (2003) but in a model theory free manner. The applications to Manin-Mumford are inspired by Hrushovski's work (2001) and are also closely related to papers of Pink and Roessler (2002 and 2004).

     

Theory of combined AM and high-harmonic FM mode locked laser

Closed form solutions for a simultaneously AM and high-harmonic FM mode locked laser system is presented. Analytical expressions for the pulsewidth and pulsewidth-bandwidth products are derived in terms of the system parameters. The analysis predicts production of 17 ps duration pulses in a Nd:YAG laser mode locked with AM and FM modulators driven at 80 MHz and 1.76 GHz for 1 W modulator input power. The predicted values of the pulsewidth-bandwidth product lie between the values corresponding to the pure AM and FM mode locking values.     

Higher-order-compact time-domain numerical simulation of optical waveguides

Time-domain local-operator methods have proven valuable in simulating electromagnetic phenomena from DC to light with simple and complex media. Certain limitations do exist with the time-domain local-operator methods including wall-clock simulation times and cells per wavelength requirements. This work achieves lower simulation times through code optimizations, algorithm optimizations and parallelism. This yields faster simulations times and lower cell per wavelength requirements. The improved method has been applied to a set of optical problems.     

Metathesis polymerization of N-aryl norbornene dicarboximides. I

Metathesis polymerization of N-phenyl-exo-norbornene dicarboximide and ortho/meta/para methyl substituted phenyl nadimides was carried out using WCl₆/tetramethyltin. Structural characterization was done by FTIR, ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR. A mixture of cis and trans double bond structures were introduced in the backbone during polymerization. The cis content was higher (52 to 65%). In the DSC scan of poly(N-o-tolyl nadimide), two exotherms were observed at 240 and 270°C while in other samples only one exothermic transition was observed above 240°C. These exotherms disappeared in the second heating cycle. The T_g of the polymers, as determined in the second heating cycle, was highest in poly(N-o-tolyl nadimide) and lowest in poly(N-m-tolyl nadimide). The polymers were stable up to 443 ± 3°C and decomposed above this temperature in a single step. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35 : 2917–2924, 1997     

Structure-aided drug development of potential neuraminidase inhibitors against pandemic H1N1 exploring alternate binding mechanism

Molecular Diversity - The rate of mutability of pathogenic H1N1 influenza virus is a threat. The emergence of drug resistance to the current competitive inhibitors of neuraminidase, such as...     

A novel PID control with fractional nonlinear integral

Nonlinear Dynamics - A nonlinear PID controller for robust tracking of second-order nonlinear systems is proposed, which consists in a classical PD structure plus a fractional-order nonlinear...     

Vibrational assignments and electronic structure calculations for 6‐thioguanine

The Fourier transform Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectra of thioguanine have been recorded. Ab initio and density functional computations of the vibrational (IR) spectrum, the molecular geometry, Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO)–Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) energy gaps and polarizabilities were studied. On the basis of the comparison between calculated and experimental results and the comparison with related molecules, assignments of fundamental vibrational modes are examined. The observed and simulated spectra were found to be well comparable. The electronic transition energies and intensities of spectral lines were carried out using TDDFT and ZINDO methods. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

In-line digital holography for dynamic metrology of MEMS （Invited Paper）

In-line digital holography helps to relax the spatial resolution requirement on charge-coupled device sensors for digital recording of holograms and to utilize the full sensing area for image reconstruction which provides larger field of view and better imaging resolution. In this letter, a lensless in-line digital holographic microscopy is presented for dynamic metrology of micro-electro-mechanical system devices. The methodologies of interferometry and time-averaged in-line digital holography are presented for dynamic measurements, which are also useful for simultaneous suppression of in-line waves from real image wave. The experimental results are presented for dynamic thermal characterization of microheater and vibration analysis of cantilevers.