全文获取类型
收费全文 | 15331篇 |
免费 | 641篇 |
国内免费 | 45篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 10408篇 |
晶体学 | 237篇 |
力学 | 479篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
数学 | 1172篇 |
物理学 | 3719篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 48篇 |
2023年 | 169篇 |
2022年 | 402篇 |
2021年 | 453篇 |
2020年 | 480篇 |
2019年 | 543篇 |
2018年 | 509篇 |
2017年 | 480篇 |
2016年 | 694篇 |
2015年 | 484篇 |
2014年 | 776篇 |
2013年 | 1295篇 |
2012年 | 1160篇 |
2011年 | 1217篇 |
2010年 | 795篇 |
2009年 | 623篇 |
2008年 | 765篇 |
2007年 | 750篇 |
2006年 | 597篇 |
2005年 | 526篇 |
2004年 | 402篇 |
2003年 | 334篇 |
2002年 | 273篇 |
2001年 | 166篇 |
2000年 | 142篇 |
1999年 | 111篇 |
1998年 | 77篇 |
1997年 | 103篇 |
1996年 | 98篇 |
1995年 | 79篇 |
1994年 | 75篇 |
1993年 | 107篇 |
1992年 | 102篇 |
1991年 | 83篇 |
1990年 | 69篇 |
1989年 | 74篇 |
1988年 | 51篇 |
1987年 | 51篇 |
1986年 | 47篇 |
1985年 | 70篇 |
1984年 | 69篇 |
1983年 | 58篇 |
1982年 | 52篇 |
1981年 | 44篇 |
1980年 | 48篇 |
1979年 | 66篇 |
1978年 | 52篇 |
1977年 | 59篇 |
1976年 | 47篇 |
1975年 | 36篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 343 毫秒
771.
An efficient, novel, and concise one pot regio- and chemoselective synthesis of benzo[a]phenazines (4) and naphtho[2,3-d]imidazoles (8) has been accomplished in excellent yields by nucleophilic substitution reaction of 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone (1) with o-phenylenediamine (2) and benzamidines (7) respectively ‘in H2O’ using base and micelles (SDS) as catalyst. Analog reaction of 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone (1) with 2-aminobenzenethiol (9) under identical conditions led to formation of a mixture of benzo[b]phenothiazine (10), benzo[a]phenothiazine (11), and benzo[a]-1,4-benzothiazino-3,2-phenothiazine (12) in 17%, 23%, and 57% yields, respectively. 相似文献
772.
Mahender Reddy Marri Swamy PerakaArun Kumar Macharla Naresh MamedaSrujana Kodumuri Narender Nama 《Tetrahedron letters》2014
A new and efficient protocol is described for the one-pot synthesis of benzimidazoles from a variety of aryl alcohols and 1,2-diaminoarenes. The yields were ranging from moderate to excellent. Moreover, the present method is utilizing alcohols instead of aldehydes and the reactions are carried out under solvent- and catalyst-free conditions, offering an environmentally benign process. 相似文献
773.
An ‘on-water’, efficient, high yielding, expeditious method has been developed for the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives via an one-pot multi-component condensation of dimedone or 4-hydroxycoumarine, aldehydes, and ammonium acetate using Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst. This method takes advantage of the fact that water, a green solvent is used in combination with Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles as catalyst which can be easily recovered magnetically and reused for further runs. 相似文献
774.
775.
Satyanarayana Reddy Jaggavarapu Anand Solomon Kamalakaran Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu Venkata Prasad Jalli Sravan Kumar Gangisetty Gopikrishna Gaddamanugu 《Tetrahedron letters》2014
Efficient and facile synthesis of 7H-benzopyrano[3,2-c]coumarins has been achieved by mild base promoted reaction of 4-chloro-3-formylcoumarin with diversely functionalized resorcinols. All the products were obtained as pure precipitates from the reaction mixture and the structure of the product was confirmed by X-ray analysis. 相似文献
776.
P. Lakshmi Reddy D. Ashok Kumar M. Lakshmi Devi T. Veera Reddy B.V. Subba Reddy R. Narender 《Tetrahedron letters》2014
A three-component, four center Ugi reaction of 3-(1-(2-aminophenyl)-5-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)propanoic acid with aromatic aldehyde and t-butyl isocyanide has been achieved to produce a novel class of N-tert-butyl-2-(6-oxo-11-phenyl-7,8-dihydrobenzo[b]pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,4]diazacine-5(6H)-yl)-2-phenylacetamides in moderate to good yields. 相似文献
777.
M. Chandra Sekhar N. Nanda Kumar Reddy B. Venkata Rao G. Mohan Rao S. Uthanna 《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2014,46(7):465-471
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films were deposited onto p‐Si substrates held at room temperature by reactive Direct Current (DC) magnetron sputtering at various sputter powers in the range 80–200 W. The as‐deposited TiO2 films were annealed at a temperature of 1023 K. The post‐annealed films were characterized for crystallographic structure, chemical binding configuration, surface morphology and optical absorption. The electrical and dielectric properties of Al/TiO2/p‐Si structure were determined from the capacitance–voltage and current–voltage characteristics. X‐ray diffraction studies confirmed that the as‐deposited films were amorphous in nature. After post‐annealing at 1023 K, the films formed at lower powers exhibited anatase phase, where as those deposited at sputter powers > 160 W showed the mixed anatase and rutile phases of TiO2. The surface morphology of the films varied significantly with the increase of sputter power. The electrical and dielectric properties on the air‐annealed Al/TiO2/p‐Si structures were studied. The effect of sputter power on the electrical and dielectric characteristics of the structure of Al/TiO2/p‐Si (metal‐insulator‐semiconductor) was systematically investigated. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
778.
Malik Abdul Rub Dileep Kumar Naved Azum Farah Khan Abdullah M. Asiri 《Journal of solution chemistry》2014,43(5):930-949
In the present paper, the micellization of an amphiphilic drug, promazine hydrochloride, and gemini surfactants (16-s-16) with s = 4–6 and the monomeric hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) counterparts has been examined conductometrically in the pure and mixed states in aqueous solutions at different compositions and temperatures (298.15–308.15 K). Dicationic gemini surfactants provide much better environment for the micellization behavior than the corresponding monocationic counterpart CTAB. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) values are lower than the cmc for ideal mixing, cmc id, suggesting attractive interactions between the two components in mixed micelles. The micellar mole fractions of surfactants, evaluated by different models, show greater contributions of surfactants in mixed micelles and increase with increasing concentrations of these surfactants. The negative values of β suggest synergism in the mixtures, which is highly beneficial as it reduces the total amount of surfactants required in a particular application, leading to reductions of cost and environmental impact. Activity coefficients (f 1 and f 2) are always less than unity showing nonideality in the systems. The data have been also used for evaluation of thermodynamic parameters. 相似文献
779.
Unprecedented cyclization was observed during N-sulfonylation of 3-[1-(phenylhydrazono)-ethyl]-chromen-2-one in pyridine, affording 3-methyl-1-phenylchromeno[4,3-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones. To avoid use of noxious pyridine, reaction was tried in different basic conditions and the best results were obtained with potassium carbonate in acetone. A wide range of substrates bearing either electron-donating or electron-withdrawing substituents on phenylhydrazine ring were compatible with the developed methodology. Rapid access of starting material, 3-acetylcoumarin, excellent yields of products, and use of environmentally benign base and solvent for the cyclization make this strategy an efficient and convenient method for synthesis of 3-methyl-1-phenylchromeno[4,3-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones. 相似文献
780.
A simple and convenient approach for the synthesis of unsymmetrical diaryl chalcogenides (Te, Se, and S) has been developed by copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of organoboronic acid with diaryl dichalcogenide in ethanol using NaBH4 in air or oxygen. The present methodology is highly practical for the synthesis of unsymmetrical diaryl tellurides with various functionalities such as –NO2, –F, –Br, and –COOH that have been obtained in good to excellent yields. Methodology is also effective for the synthesis of unsymmetrical diaryl selenides and sulfides. Moreover, symmetrical diaryl selenides have also been obtained from arylboronic acids using elemental selenium powder under optimized reaction conditions. The use of NaBH4 is the key for the development of milder reaction conditions, which enable the construction of unsymmetrical diaryl chalcogenides from boronic acid substrates in ethanol at room temperature. 相似文献