Search for narrow tt resonances in pp collisions at square root of (s)=1.8 TeV

A search for narrow resonances that decay into tt pairs has been performed using 130 pb(-1) of data in the lepton + jets channel collected by the Dphi detector in pp collisions at square root of (s)=1.8 TeV. There is no significant deviation observed from the standard-model predictions at a top-quark mass of 175 GeV/c2. We therefore present upper limits at the 95% confidence level on the product of the production cross section and branching fraction to tt for narrow resonances as a function of the resonance mass MX. These limits are used to exclude the existence of a leptophobic top-color particle with mass MX<560 GeV/c2, using a theoretical cross section for a width GammaX=0.012MX.     

Search for third-generation scalar leptoquarks in pp at square root s=1.96 TeV

We report on a search for charge-1/3 third-generation leptoquarks (LQ) produced in pp collisions at square root s =1.96 TeV using the D0 detector at Fermilab. Third-generation leptoquarks are assumed to be produced in pairs and to decay to a tau neutrino and a b quark with branching fraction B. We place upper limits on sigma(pp --> LQLQ)B2 as a function of the leptoquark mass M(LQ). Assuming B=1, we exclude at the 95% confidence level third-generation scalar leptoquarks with M(LQ)<229 GeV.     

Short-term changes in delta(13)C and delta(15)N signatures of water discharged from grazed grasslands

The composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a soil is the product of a variety of soil processes. Changes in the composition of DOM in water discharged from soil should, therefore, give an important insight into modifications in these soil processes. We hypothesise that these processes in soils, under different grassland management regimes, would be affected to different extents by the short-term disturbance of a storm event and that evidence of this could be detected in delta(13)C and delta(15)N signatures in drainage and surface runoff waters. During a storm event we collected discharge waters from 1 ha grassland lysimeters, with or without artificial drainage, which received contrasting fertiliser inputs, and delta(13)C and delta(15)N signatures were determined. Changes in (13)C enrichment during the storm event were clearly identifiable, as were differences between plots for (13)C and (15)N, illustrating that this technique has potential to be a useful tool for identifying and investigating short- and long-term changes in soil organic matter dynamics. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Search for charged massive long-lived particles

We report on a search for charged massive long-lived particles (CMLLPs), based on 5.2 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron pp collider. We search for events in which one or more particles are reconstructed as muons but have speed and ionization energy loss (dE/dx) inconsistent with muons produced in beam collisions. CMLLPs are predicted in several theories of physics beyond the standard model. We exclude pair-produced long-lived gauginolike charginos below 267 GeV and Higgsino-like charginos below 217 GeV at 95% C.L., as well as long-lived scalar top quarks with mass below 285 GeV.     

Wγ production and limits on anomalous WWγ couplings in pp collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.96 TeV

We measure the cross section and the difference in rapidities between photons and charged leptons for inclusive W(→lν) + γ production in eγ and μγ final states. Using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.2 fb(-1) collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, the measured cross section times branching fraction for the process pp → Wγ + X → lνγ + X and the distribution of the charge-signed photon-lepton rapidity difference are found to be in agreement with the standard model. These results provide the most stringent limits on anomalous WWγ couplings for data from hadron colliders: -0.4<Δκ(γ)<0.4 and -0.08<λ(γ)<0.07 at the 95% C.L.     

Determination of the width of the top quark

We extract the total width of the top quark, Γ(t), from the partial decay width Γ(t → Wb) measured using the t-channel cross section for single top-quark production and from the branching fraction B(t → Wb) measured in tt events using up to 2.3 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity collected by the D0 Collaboration at the Tevatron pp Collider. The result is Γ(t) = 1.99(-0.55)(+0.69) GeV, which translates to a top-quark lifetime of τ(t) = (3.3(-0.9)(+1.3)) × 10(-25) s. Assuming a high mass fourth generation b' quark and unitarity of the four-generation quark-mixing matrix, we set the first upper limit on |V(tb')| < 0.63 at 95% C.L.     

High-performance liquid chromatographic assay for hydrochlorothiazide in human urine

A high-performance liquid chromatographic assay was developed for the quantitative determination of hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) in human urine. Reversed-phase separation of HCT and the internal standard, trichloromethiazide (TCMT), was accomplished on a 300 X 3.9 mm mu Bondapak Phenyl column. Following solvent extraction, concentrations of HCT as low as 0.25 micrograms/ml in urine were quantified by UV detection at 280 nm. Detector response (peak-area ratio of HCT to TCMT) was linear to 50 micrograms/ml. No interferences were observed in the extracts obtained from drug-free urine nor from several antihypertensive agents which are commonly co-administered with HCT. This method has been routinely employed in bio-availability studies evaluating a variety of formulations as well as characterizing the pharmacokinetics of this drug from urinary excretion data.     

在线同位素分离装置的靶系统设计方法

产生放射性核束的在线同位素分离装置的靶系统设计是整个装置产生效率的关键环节.在ORNL的窄高斯分布的离子注入模型的基础上,研究了不同的靶的几何形状和尺寸、不同的温度条件、半衰期不同的放射性核素等对释放时间特性的影响,这对设计具有快速释放过程的靶系统,具有直接的实用价值.基于德国ZFK关于表面物理的实验测量数据,用MonteCarlo统计的方法来模拟放射性核素从靶材料表面到在线离子源的电离室的传输过程,对大量的放射性核素–传输管材料组合,和不同尺寸的传输管进行了统计计算,从这些统计计算中得到了可用于传输管工程设计的图表和经验公式.