Educational Models,Manpower, Planning and Control

The paper describes the setting up of models of the educational system and their use in decision-making. The methodological problems of planning and controlling a large socio-economic system, such as education, are discussed.     

Evidence for a spin-5 boson resonance at 2300 MeV

Evidence is given for the existence of a spin-5 boson resonance from the analysis of the reaction π^?p→K⁺K^?n at 62 GeV incident momentum. A simplified amplitude analysis with a Breit-Wigner ansatz leads to a mass 2307 ± 6 MeV and a width of 245 ± 20 MeV. The quantum numbers of the resonance are J^P = 5^?, C = ?1, and very probably I^G = 1⁺.     

Symplectic tori in rational elliptic surfaces

Let E(1)_p denote the rational elliptic surface with a single multiple fiber f_p of multiplicity p. We construct an infinite family of homologous non-isotopic symplectic tori representing the primitive 2-dimensional homology class [f_p] in E(1)_p when p>1. As a consequence, we get infinitely many non-isotopic symplectic tori in the fiber class of the rational elliptic surface . We also show how these tori can be non-isotopically embedded as homologous symplectic submanifolds in other symplectic 4-manifolds.     

The selective reductive acylation of a-keto imines

Reaction of α-keto imines with the $\text{in}$$\text{situ}$ generated acetylcobalt tetracarbonyl occurs only at the carbon—nitrogen double bond to give β-keto amides. An unexpected by-product was formed in several instances.     

The iron carbonyl induced deoxygenation of alcohols

Alcohols, able to form stable carbanions, are deoxygenated to hydrocarbons by treatment with potassium, iron pentacarbonyl, and then hydrochloric acid. Use of an alkyl halide in place of HCl results in reductive alkylation.     

Palladium-catalyzed carboxamidation reaction and aldol condensation reaction cascade: a facile approach to ring-fused isoquinolinones

Palladium-catalyzed carboxamidation reaction and aldol condensation reaction cascade are very useful for the synthesis of various ABC ring substituted fused isoquinolinones.     

Sequence of intramolecular carbonylation and asymmetric hydrogenation reactions: highly regio- and enantioselective synthesis of medium ring tricyclic lactams

The intramolecular cyclocarbonylation reaction with palladium-complexed dendrimers on silica is a very effective method for the regioselective synthesis of methylene 8-, 9-, and 10-membered rings. The heterogeneous dendritic catalysts are easily recovered by simple filtration and reused for up to 10 cycles with only a slight loss of activity. Asymmetric hydrogenation of the resulting unsaturated heterocycles affords optically active tricyclic lactams in excellent yields and in high enantiomeric excess. This process can tolerate a wide array of functional groups, including halide, ether, nitrile, ketone, and ester. Moreover, the variation of heteroatom on the rings does not have any influence on the efficiency and enantioselectivity of the reaction.