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In order to study the effect of sharp edges on solid particle adhesion to air-liquid interfaces, spherical colloidal probes were modified with a circumferential cut by focused ion beam milling. The interaction of the modified particles with water drops and bubbles was studied using the colloidal probe technique. When the modified particles were brought into contact with air-liquid interfaces, the contact line was pinned at the edge of the cut. Contact hysteresis between the approach and retraction components of the measured force curves was eliminated. The contact angle at the edge takes a range of values within the limits defined by the Gibbs inequality. These limits determine the adhesion force. As such, the adhesion force is a function of the particle wettability and edge geometry. 相似文献
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Summary It is shown that the equations derived byVoigt andAbraham for the calculation of salt activities in concentrated solutions are equivalent and that they satisfy theGibbs-Duhem equation.
ZurAbraham-Gleichung zur Berechnung der Aktivitäten von Salzen in konzentrierten Lösungen (Kurze Mitt.)
Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, daß die vonVoigt undAbraham zur Berechnung der Aktivitäten von Salzen in konzentrierten Lösungen hergeleiteten Gleichungen äquivalent sind und dieGibbs-Duhem-Beziehung erfüllen.相似文献
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Dr. Philipp Gotico Loïc Roupnel Dr. Regis Guillot Dr. Marie Sircoglou Dr. Winfried Leibl Dr. Zakaria Halime Prof. Ally Aukauloo 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,132(50):22637-22641
The manipulation of the second coordination sphere for improving the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction has led to breakthroughs with hydrogen bonding, local proton source, or electrostatic effects. We have developed two atropisomers of an iron porphyrin complex with two urea functions acting as multiple hydrogen-bonding tweezers to lock the metal-bound CO2 in a similar fashion found in the carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) enzyme. The αα topological isomer with the two urea groups on the same side of the porphyrin provides a stronger binding affinity to tether the incoming CO2 in comparison to the αβ disposition. However, the electrocatalytic activity of the αβ atropisomer outperforms its congener with one of the highest reported turnover frequencies at low overpotential. The strong H/D kinetic isotope effect (KIE) observed for the αα system indicates the existence of a tight water hydrogen-bonding network for proton delivery which is disrupted by addition of an acid source. The small H/D KIE for the αβ isomer and the enhanced electrocatalytic performance on addition of stronger acid indicate the free access of protons to the bound CO2 on the opposite side of the urea arm. 相似文献
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Philipp Gotico Bernard Boitrel Rgis Guillot Marie Sircoglou Annamaria Quaranta Zakaria Halime Winfried Leibl Ally Aukauloo 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,131(14):4552-4557
Inspired by nature's orchestra of chemical subtleties to activate and reduce CO2, we have developed a family of iron porphyrin derivatives in to which we have introduced urea groups functioning as multipoint hydrogen‐bonding pillars on the periphery of the porphyrinic ring. This structure closely resembles the hydrogen‐bond stabilization scheme of the carbon dioxide (CO2) adduct in the carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH). We found that such changes to the second coordination sphere significantly lowered the overpotential for CO2 reduction in this family of molecular catalysts and importantly increased the CO2 binding rate while maintaining high turnover frequency (TOF) and selectivity. Entrapped water molecules within the molecular clefts were found to be the source of protons for the CO2 reduction. 相似文献