全文获取类型
收费全文 | 341篇 |
免费 | 8篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 294篇 |
晶体学 | 1篇 |
力学 | 6篇 |
数学 | 20篇 |
物理学 | 30篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 14篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 11篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 11篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 11篇 |
2013年 | 21篇 |
2012年 | 26篇 |
2011年 | 21篇 |
2010年 | 21篇 |
2009年 | 12篇 |
2008年 | 23篇 |
2007年 | 20篇 |
2006年 | 18篇 |
2005年 | 17篇 |
2004年 | 12篇 |
2003年 | 11篇 |
2002年 | 5篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1889年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有351条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
92.
The separation of two systems containing minimum boiling azeotropes (acetone—methanol and tetrahydrofuran (THF)—water) was performed using extractive distillation with a heavy boiling mixed entrainer consisting of two compounds. The entrainer constituents did not form new azeotropes with each other and with the components of the original mixture. An analysis of the mixed entrainer influence on the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) and relative volatility provides an understanding of the cases in which the separation by extractive distillation (ED) in the presence of the mixed entrainer revealed energy benefits over their individual constituents. New results for application of the mixed entrainer monoethanolamine (MEA)—ethylene glycol (EG) and dimethyl-sulphoxide (DMSO)—glycerol for the separation of THF—water and acetone—methanol, respectively, are presented for the first time. The individual selective agents were chosen from the efficient entrainers discussed in the literature. The calculations were performed using the platform Aspen Plus 7.3. Different extractive distillation flowsheets are provided for the zeotropic mixed agents, viz. with two or three columns. For the ED of the binary mixtures investigated, the structures of the different separation schemes, the operating parameters of the columns, and the energy consumptions are presented and compared. The application of the mixed entrainer MEA—EG fed into the ED column with pre-mixing can be recommended, providing up to 1.7 % of energy saving for acetone—methanol separation. In the case of THF—water, the mixed entrainer DMSO—glycerol provides 0.8 % of energy saving. The separate inputs of the individual constituents of the mixed entrainer led to a significant increase in the energy consumptions of the flowsheet because of the third regeneration column, hence this flowsheet cannot be recommended for use in the separation of both mixtures. 相似文献
93.
94.
Mehmet F. Yilmaz Alla S. SafronovaVictor L. Kantsyrev Andrey A. EsaulovKenneth M. Williamson Ishor K. ShresthaMichael E. Weller Glenn C. OsborneVeronica V. Shlyaptseva 《High Energy Density Physics》2012,8(1):30-37
Radiative emission from alloyed Al single, double and compact cylindrical wire arrays have been studied using the 1 MA Zebra UNR generator. Single planar wire arrays using ten wires and double planar wire arrays and compact cylindrical wire arrays (CCWA) that both had sixteen wires were utilized. The wire composition is Al-5056 (95% of Al and 5% of Mg). We have observed that implosion of these alloyed Al wire loads generated optically thick Al plasmas that can be diagnosed using K-shell Mg lines. In particular, among the considered loads, the K-shell lines of Al from implosions of the double planar wire arrays have the highest optical depth for He-like Al resonance transitions, which occurred near the stagnation phase. X-ray time-gated and time-integrated spectra and pinhole images as well as photoconductive detectors signals were analyzed to provide information on the plasma parameters; electron temperatures and densities, implosion dynamics features and power and yields of the X-ray radiation. Previously developed non-LTE models were applied to model axially-resolved time-integrated, as well as time-gated spatially-integrated, K-shell spectra from Al and Mg. The derived time-dependent electron temperature, density and axial opacity were studied and compared. In addition, the wire ablation dynamics model (WADM) was used to calculate the kinetic energy of the plasma, which with the aid of a Local Thermal Equilibrium (LTE) magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) simulation, allowed to estimate the precursor and stagnated z-pinch plasma electron temperatures from implosions of wire array loads. 相似文献
95.
96.
Subhankar Singha Dokyoung Kim Basab Roy Sunderraman Sambasivan Hyunsoo Moon Alla Sreenivasa Rao Jin Yong Kim Taiha Joo Jae Woo Park Young Min Rhee Taejun Wang Ki Hean Kim Youn Ho Shin Junyang Jung Kyo Han Ahn 《Chemical science》2015,6(7):4335-4342
The donor–acceptor (D–A) type dipolar fluorophores, an important class of luminescent dyes with two-photon absorption behaviour, generally emit strongly in organic solvents but poorly in aqueous media. To understand and enhance the poor emission behaviour of dipolar dyes in aqueous media, we undertake a rational approach that includes a systematic structure variation of the donor, amino substituent of acedan, an important two-photon dye. We identify several factors that influence the emission behaviour of the dipolar dyes in aqueous media through computational and photophysical studies on new acedan derivatives. As a result, we can make acedan dyes emit bright fluorescence under one- and two-photon excitation in aqueous media by suppressing the liable factors for poor emission: 1,3-allylic strain, rotational freedom, and hydrogen bonding with water. We also validate that these findings can be generally extended to other dipolar fluorophores, as demonstrated for naphthalimide, coumarin and (4-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-7-yl)amine (NBD) dyes. The new acedan and naphthalimide dyes thus allow us to obtain much brighter two-photon fluorescent images in cells and tissues than in their conventional forms. As an application of these findings, a thiol probe is synthesized based on a new naphthalimide dye, which shows greatly enhanced fluorescence from the widely used N,N-dimethyl analogue. The results disclosed here provide essential guidelines for the development of efficient dipolar dyes and fluorescence probes for studying biological systems, particularly by two-photon microscopy. 相似文献
97.
98.
Birkedal H Krogh Andersen AM Arakcheeva A Chapuis G Norby P Pattison P 《Inorganic chemistry》2006,45(11):4346-4351
The structure of room-temperature ZrP2O7 is shown to be orthorhombic by a combination of high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction and single-crystal synchrotron diffraction data. Small nontwinned single crystals were obtained by synthesizing the compound using solvothermal methods at temperatures below the cubic to orthorhombic phase transition. The average P-O-P angle is 146 degrees. DFT calculations (B3LYP/AUG-cc-pVDZ) on the isolated P2O7(4-) anion yield a P-O-P angle of 153.42 degrees and indicate that the barrier to inversion is of the order 3.6 kJ mol(-1). 相似文献
99.
We study the role of hydration water in the dynamic transition of low-hydrated proteins upon pressurization found recently (Meinhold, L.; Smith, J. C. Phys. Rev. E 2005, 72, 061908). Clustering and percolation of water in the hydration shells of protein molecules in crystalline Staphylococcal nuclease are analyzed at various pressures. The number of water molecules in the hydration shell increases and the hydrogen-bonded network of hydration water spans with increasing pressure. The dynamic transition of protein occurs when the spanning water network exists with the probability of about 50% and hydration water shows large density fluctuations. Formation of a spanning water network upon pressurization promotes protein dynamics as in the case of the dynamic transition with increasing hydration. Properties of hydration water in various thermodynamic states and their influence on biological function are discussed. 相似文献
100.
Yemets Alla Plokhovska Svitlana Pushkarova Nadia Blume Yaroslav 《Journal of fluorescence》2022,32(5):1713-1723
Journal of Fluorescence - Quantum dots, or nanoscale semiconductors, are one of the most important materials for various research and development purposes. Due to their advantageous... 相似文献