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51.
Differencies between the mechanism ofn-hexane and benzene adsorption on active carbon were investigated on the ground of kinetic measurements. As it has been stated, the kinetic measurements show fundamental differencies between the mechanism of adsorption in spite of analogy existing in the state of adsorption equilibrium. Within the range investigated, only the adsorption ofn-hexane follows the model of volume filling of micropores. Existence of those differencies is also confirmed by measurements of effective diffusion coefficient values as well as changes of activation energy of the diffusion—adsorption process.
Anwendung kinetischer Untersuchungen zur Interpretation des Adsorptionsverhaltens vonn-Hexan und Benzol an Aktivkohle
Zusammenfassung Mittels kinetischer Messungen untersuchte man die Unterschiede im Mechanismus des Adsorptionsverlaufes vonn-Hexan und Benzol an Aktivkohle. Man stellte fest, daß trotz der Analogie im Adsorptionsgleichgewichtszustand die kinetischen Messungen auf prinzipielle Unterschiede im Adsorptionsmechanismus hinweisen. Im untersuchten Bereich verläuft nur die Adsorption vonn-Hexane nach dem Modell der Mikroporenvolumenausfüllung. Die auftretenden Unterschiede wurden auch durch die Berechnungen der Werte der effektiven Diffusionskoeffizienten sowie Änderungen der Aktivierungsenergie des Diffusions-Adsorptionsprozesses bestätigt.相似文献
52.
Summary The method developed based on the determination of TC and TOC in the form of the total amount of CO2 requires application of the proper techniques for the final determination of CO2. The possibility of using a stream of carrier gas at a convenient flow-rate for desorbing quantitatively CO2 concentrated on a molecular sieve permits use of a wide variety of known analytical techniques for the final determination of CO2. Various methods were compared on the basis of both absolute and calibration measurements. The absolute methods chosen were gravimetric (classical or an automated version based on application of a gravimetric automat and automatic recording balance), thermogravimetric analysis and coulometry. The calibration methods included thermal conductivity, the flame-ionization detector (after conversion of CO2 into methane) and infrared absorption. Usefulness of the methods was evaluated on the basis of comparative statistical analysis of experimental data with respect to precision (Snedecor'sF-test and Bartlett'sU
2-test) and accuracy (Student'st-test).
Zusammenfassung Das entwickelte Verfahren zur Bestimmung des TC- und TOC-Gehaltes in Form der gesamten Menge CO2 erfordert die Anwendung geeigneter Analysentechniken zur Endbestimmung dieser Verbindung. Die Möglichkeit einer Desorption des am Molekularsieb angereicherten CO2 in einem Gasstrom mit geeignetem Durchfluß erlaubt zur Endbestimmung von CO2 die Anwendung einer Reihe verschiedener Analysenverfahren. Die Anwendbarkeit verschiedener, auf Absolutverfahren und auch auf relativen Messungen beruhender Methoden wurde vergleichend untersucht. Die folgenden Methoden zur CO2-Bestimmung wurden gewählt: die Gravimetrie (klassische oder automatisierte unter Einsatz eines Wägeautomaten und einer registrierenden Waage), die Thermogravimetrie und die Coulometrie. Von den relativen Methoden wurden die Thermokonduktometrie, der Flammenionisationsdetektor (nach Umsetzung von CO2 zu Methan) und das IR-Absorptionsmeßverfahren geprüft. Die Anwendbarkeit der Methoden wurde mit Hilfe statistischer Prüfverfahren beurteilt, wobei die Präzision (SnedecorsF-Test und BartlettsU 2-Test) und die Genauigkeit (Studentst-Test) der erhaltenen Analysenwerte verglichen wurden.相似文献
53.
Snezana S.?MiticEmail author Gordana Z.?Miletic Aleksandra N.?Pavlovic Snezana B.?Tosic 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2004,135(8):927-936
Summary. A new selective, sensitive, and simple kinetic method is developed for the determination of trace amounts of chromium (VI). The method is based on the catalytic effect of Cr(VI) on the reaction of sodium pyrogallol-5-sulphonate (PS) with hydrogen peroxide. The reaction is followed spectrophotometrically by tracing the oxidation product at 437nm within 1min after addition of H2O2. The optimum reaction conditions are PS (1.32·10–3mol·dm–3), H2O2 (0.32mol·dm–3), HClO4 (2.6·10–3mol·dm–3) at 25°C. Following this procedure, chromium (VI) can be determined with a linear calibration graph up to 0.25ng·cm–3 and a detection limit of 0.024ng·cm–3, based on the 3 criterion. The interference effect of several species was also investigated and it was found that the most common cations and anions do not interfere with the determination. The developed procedure was successfully applied to the determination of Cr(VI) and total Cr in river waters and total Cr in herbal samples. 相似文献
54.
Aleksandra Drzewiecka Krystyna Stepniak Anna Barcicka Anna E. Koziol 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2007,63(8):m346-m348
The asymmetric unit in the title compound, {[Cd2(C4H4O6)(SO4)(H2O)5]·3H2O}n, is composed of two cadmium cations, one (R,R)‐tartrate and one sulfate anion, five aqua ligands and three solvent water molecules. One of the cadmium ions is coordinated in an octahedral environment, whereas the second is surrounded by seven O atoms in a pentagonal–bipyramidal geometry. Both types of coordination polyhedra form two sets of perpendicular non‐intersecting polymeric chains. CdO6 octahedra share two corners, while CdO7 units are joined by a bridging carboxylate group. An extensive hydrogen‐bond pattern involving all of the OH groups contributes to the stabilization of the structure. 相似文献
55.
The indications of a Clark-type electrochemical sensor with a polyethylene foil used as a membrane are noticeably changed if vapours of chlorine derivatives of methane (CCl4, CHCl3, CH2Cl2) are present in the atmosphere examined and the sensor has been calibrated in an atmosphere from which those vapours were absent. The sensitivity of the sensor increases and tends to deviate from linearity. The increase is more profound, when the number of chlorine atoms within a molecule of the vapour increases, the partial pressure of the vapour increases and the temperature of the atmosphere examined decreases. If the vapours affect the membrane for a long time, the response time decreases. If the membrane is freshly subjected to the influence of the vapours, a longer period of time is needed to reach a stable indication corresponding to the partial pressure of oxygen actually observed. 相似文献
56.
The method for the prediction of capacity factors in ternary mobile phases is presented. The adsorption mechanism of retention is considered. The simple theoretical equations are proposed for mobile phases for which the ratio of mole fractions of the weaker solvents remains fixed. The relations between parameters characterizing retention in ternary and binary mobile phases are discussed. The theoretical model is verified for numerous solutes and different mobile phases. 相似文献
57.
Kuśtrowski P Chmielarz L Dziembaj R Cool P Vansant EF 《The journal of physical chemistry. A》2005,109(2):330-336
The novel mesoporous templated silicas (MCM-48, SBA-15, MCF, and MSU) were used as supports for transition metal (Cu, Cr, or Fe) oxides. The catalysts were synthesized using the incipient wetness impregnation, and characterized by low-temperature N2 sorption, DRIFT, photoacoustic IR spectroscopy, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia. It was shown that the preparation method used results in different distributions and dimensions of the transition metal oxide clusters on the inert support surface. The prepared catalysts were tested in the reaction of oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene in the presence of nitrous oxide. The iron-containing catalysts showed the highest catalytic activity. The presence of isolated Fe3+ was found to be the most important factor influencing the ethylbenzene conversion. The undesirable effect of the increase in selectivity toward CO2 was observed for the samples with the highest concentrations of acidic surface sites. 相似文献
58.
微波-气相-热压法分解高纯铂的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了微波气相热压法新技术分解高纯铂在密闭的聚四氟乙烯高压罐中,以微波瞬间加热混合酸产生的高压、纯净蒸气分解金属铂,此法避免了酸中杂质的沾污以制备供高纯铂分析的试液,提高了痕量杂质分析的准确度和降低检测限 相似文献
59.
Maciejewska Gabriela Cieślak-Golonka Maria Staszak Zbigniew Szeląg Adam 《Transition Metal Chemistry》2002,27(6):587-593
Six new heteropolynuclear chromium(III)/vanadium(V) complexes with natural ligands: glycine, glutaminic, nicotinic and asparginic acids, have been isolated and physicochemically characterised. The complexes have been analysed using spectroscopic (diffuse reflectance u.v.–vis., i.r.), magnetic methods and by FAB mass spectra. Spectral analyses with the digital filter and band deconvolution methods are presented. Additionally, preliminary toxicity studies have been performed. 相似文献
60.
The direct reaction of iron pentacarbonyl with diethylamidocyclohexadiene gave three isomeric tricarbonyliron complexes, 1, 2 and 3. Only 1 isomerized to give 2 under acidic conditions, whereas 3 remained unchanged. The chemical properties of the tricarbonyl(amidocyclohexadiene)iron complexes differed from those of the tricarbonyl(carboxycyclohexadiene)iron complexes. Complex 3 which underwent no hydride abstraction with triphenylmethyl hexafluorophosphate, has an exo stereochemistry. 相似文献